Orwig v. Orwig , 924 N.W.2d 421 ( 2019 )

Filed 3/14/19 by Clerk of Supreme Court
IN THE SUPREME COURT
STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA
2019 ND 78Steven Mark Orwig, Plaintiff and Appellee
v.
Mary Caroline Orwig, Defendant and Appellant
No. 20170454
Orwig’s Livestock Supplements, Inc.,
Orwig’s Tubs International Inc., and
MVP Transport, Inc., Plaintiffs and Appellees
v.
Mary C. “Marcy” Orwig, Defendant, Third-Party Plaintiff,
and Appellant
v.
Steven Orwig, Third-Party Defendant,
and Appellee
No. 20170455
Appeal from the District Court of Dickey County, Southeast Judicial District,
the Honorable Cherie L. Clark, Judge.
DISMISSED IN PART, AFFIRMED IN PART, REVERSED IN PART, AND
REMANDED.
Opinion of the Court by McEvers, Justice.
Gregory W. Liebl (argued) and Lee M. Grossman (on brief), Fargo, ND, for
plaintiff, appellee, and third-party defendant Steven Mark Orwig.
Ashley K. Champ (argued) and Michael T. Andrews (appeared) , Fargo, ND,
for plaintiffs and appellees Orwig Livestock Supplements, Inc., Orwig’s Tubs
International Inc., and MVP Transport, Inc.
Jonathan T. Garaas, Fargo, ND, for defendant, appellant, and third-party
plaintiff.
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Orwig v. Orwig
Nos. 20170454 & 20170455
McEvers, Justice.
[¶1] Mary Orwig appeals from three district court orders finding her in contempt
of court and from an order denying her motion to vacate the contempt orders. We
conclude Mary Orwig failed to timely appeal two of the contempt orders, and we
dismiss her appeal of those orders. We reverse and remand the remaining contempt
order. We affirm the order denying the motion to vacate.
I
[¶2] In September 2016, Steven Orwig sued Mary Orwig for divorce. The Orwigs
co-own Orwig’s Livestock Supplements, Inc.; Orwigs Tubs International, Inc.; and
MVP Transport, Inc. (“Corporations”). Before the divorce lawsuit, the Corporations
sued Mary Orwig, alleging she made unauthorized transactions on the Corporations’
behalf, including opening credit card accounts in the Corporations’ names and using
them for personal use. The Corporations also alleged Mary Orwig wrongfully
detained and controlled their property. The Corporations requested the district court
to enjoin Mary Orwig from transacting business on behalf of the Corporations and to
remove her as an officer and director of the Corporations.
[¶3] The district court consolidated both lawsuits and granted a preliminary
injunction against Mary Orwig in October 2016, prohibiting her from transacting
business on behalf of the Corporations and taking other actions adverse to the
Corporations. In December 2016, the court ordered her to return corporate property
in her possession.
[¶4] In February 2017, the Corporations moved for contempt against Mary Orwig,
alleging she violated the preliminary injunction and order to return corporate property
and continued taking actions adverse to the Corporations. In May 2017, Steven
Orwig moved for an order to sell the parties’ Arizona real property, claiming its sale
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would resolve the parties’ financial problems. Mary Orwig opposed the sale,
claiming that since 2014 she spent a majority of her time residing on the property.
[¶5] After a June 2017 hearing on the parties’ motions, the district court issued a
July 31, 2017, order finding Mary Orwig in contempt of the December 2016 order to
return corporate property. The court ordered her to return certain corporate property,
including credit card and tax information. The court also ordered the sale of Steven
and Mary Orwig’s Arizona property.
[¶6] At a September 28, 2017, hearing, the district court found Mary Orwig in
contempt for impeding the sale of the Arizona property. The October 9, 2017, order
required Mary Orwig to allow the parties’ realtor on the property within two weeks.
The order also stated another hearing would be scheduled within three weeks to
address Mary Orwig’s compliance with the court’s earlier orders.
[¶7] The district court found Mary Orwig in contempt of the October 9, 2017, order
at a October 19, 2017, hearing. Steven Orwig’s attorney informed the court Mary
Orwig continued to deny access to the Arizona realtor. The court issued its contempt
order on November 13, 2017. The order required Mary Orwig to pay the other
parties’ attorney’s fees and stated Mary Orwig “shall be imprisoned for a period of
six (6) months, or until compliance with the aforementioned Order is achieved,
whichever is shorter.”
[¶8] Mary Orwig moved to vacate the July 31, October 9, and November 13, 2017
contempt orders, arguing the district court violated her due process rights and did not
have jurisdiction to order the sale of the Arizona property. The court denied her
motion. On December 20, 2017, Mary Orwig filed a notice of appeal challenging the
July 31, October 9, and November 13, 2017 contempt orders, and the order denying
the motion to vacate.
II
[¶9] The Corporations argue Mary Orwig’s appeal of the July 31 and October 9,
2017, contempt orders are untimely and should be dismissed.
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[¶10] “Before we consider the merits of an appeal, we must have jurisdiction.”
Desert Partners IV, L.P. v. Benson, 2014 ND 192, ¶ 6, 855 N.W.2d 608. “The time
limit for filing a notice of appeal is jurisdictional, and we dismiss an appeal if we
conclude we do not have jurisdiction.” Id. Under N.D.R.App.P. 4(c), a party
appealing a contempt order must file a notice of appeal with the clerk of the supreme
court within 60 days after entry of the judgment or order being appealed. “An order
or judgment finding a person guilty of contempt is a final order or judgment for
purposes of appeal.” N.D.C.C. § 27-10-01.3(3).
[¶11] Mary Orwig filed her notice of appeal from the July 31 and October 9, 2017,
orders on December 20, 2017. Mary Orwig’s appeal of the orders was not filed
within 60 days of entry of the orders. We conclude we do not have jurisdiction and
we dismiss Orwig’s appeal of the July 31 and October 9, 2017, orders.
III
[¶12] Mary Orwig argues the November 13, 2017, order finding her in contempt was
issued without due process of law and without adequate warning to her. She also
claims the district court imposed punitive sanctions against her.
[¶13] Contempt includes the “[i]ntentional disobedience, resistance, or obstruction
of the authority, process, or order of a court or other officer, including a referee or
magistrate.” N.D.C.C. § 27-10-01.1(1)(c). A district court has broad discretion in
making contempt determinations, and its decision will not be overturned unless the
court abused its discretion. Rath v. Rath, 2017 ND 138, ¶ 19, 895 N.W.2d 315. A
court abuses its discretion when it acts in an arbitrary, unreasonable, or
unconscionable manner, it misinterprets or misapplies the law, or its determination is
not the product of a rational mental process leading to a reasoned decision. Id.[¶14] The district court’s July 31, 2017, order required Steven and Mary Orwig to
sell their Arizona property. At a September 28, 2017, scheduling conference the court
addressed the sale of the Arizona property. Mary Orwig’s attorney informed the court
Mary Orwig was prohibiting the parties’ realtor from accessing the property. Mary
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Orwig appeared at the hearing and stated she did not want to sell the property. The
court found her in contempt for failing to comply with the July 31 order. The October
9, 2017, order states:
That Defendant, Mary Orwig, is in contempt and be ordered to follow
the terms of the July 31, 2017, Order Granting Plaintiff’s Motion for
Contempt and Plaintiff’s Motion for Ex Parte Interim Order,
specifically Paragraph 4 regarding the Arizona Property. Defendant
shall allow the parties’ realtor, Kim Williamson, on the property within
two weeks of the signing of this Order. Ms. Williamson shall be
accompanied by a Maricopa County Sheriff, if she so chooses, while
taking photos, measurements, gathering information, etc. to get the
property ready for sale and to effectuate the sale of the property.
Defendant shall not in any way prevent Ms. Williamson from preparing
the listing.
The order also stated the parties “will participate in a telephonic status conference
within three weeks to consider further sanctions for Ms. Orwig, including default
and/or jail time, if she has not complied with the July 31, 2017 Order.”
[¶15] The district court held a hearing on October 19, 2017, to address Mary Orwig’s
compliance with the July 31 and October 9 orders. Notice of the hearing was mailed
to Mary Orwig; however, she did not participate in the hearing and was not
represented by an attorney. Steven Orwig’s attorney informed the court Mary Orwig
continued to deny the Arizona realtor access to the property. The November 13,
2017, order found Mary Orwig in contempt of the October 9 order for failing to allow
the parties’ realtor on the Arizona property. The order stated Mary Orwig “shall be
imprisoned for a period of six (6) months, or until compliance with the
aforementioned Order is achieved, whichever is shorter.” The Corporations and
Steven Orwig were also awarded attorney’s fees.
[¶16] The October 9, 2017, order required Mary Orwig to allow the parties’ realtor
on the Arizona property within two weeks of the signing of the order. The hearing
following the order occurred on October 19, ten days after the order, and Mary Orwig
did not appear. Additionally, although Steven Orwig’s attorney stated Mary Orwig
failed to comply with the earlier orders, no evidence of her compliance or
noncompliance was presented. See Mehl v. Mehl, 545 N.W.2d 777, 780 (N.D. 1996)
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(statements of counsel are not evidence). Because no competent evidence was
presented at the hearing and Mary Orwig was not given two weeks to comply as
allowed under the October 9 order, we conclude the court abused its discretion in
finding Mary Orwig in contempt and ordering sanctions.
[¶17] We reverse the November 13, 2017 order finding Mary Orwig in contempt and
sanctioning her for failing to abide by the October 9 order, and remand to the district
court to address Mary Orwig’s compliance with the October 9 order relating to the
sale of the Arizona property.
IV
[¶18] Mary Orwig argues the district court erred in denying her motion to vacate the
contempt orders. She claims the court should have vacated the orders because they
were issued without due process of law.
[¶19] Although Mary Orwig brought her motion to vacate under N.D.R.Ct. 3.2, she
failed to identify in her motion any other rules or statutes under which she was
seeking relief. Generally, a request for relief from a final judgment or order is
brought under N.D.R.Civ. P. 60(b). Because she claims the contempt orders against
her are void, we will treat the motion to vacate as a motion for relief under
N.D.R.Civ.P. 60(b)(4).
[¶20] Mary Orwig’s motion to vacate and her appeal of the denial therefrom appear
to be an attempt to appeal the July 31 and October 9, 2017, contempt orders. Her
arguments relating to due process could have and should have been raised on direct
appeal of those orders. Mary Orwig “cannot bootstrap those arguments for orders
from which she did not timely appeal.” Kautzman v. Doll, 2018 ND 23, ¶ 15, 905
N.W.2d 744.
[¶21] A review of the record shows the district court did not deny Mary Orwig due
process in its issuance of the July 31 and October 9, 2017, contempt orders. She had
notice of and appeared at the hearings preceding the orders and was represented by
counsel at those hearings.
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[¶22] Because of our decision with respect to Mary Orwig’s appeal of the November
13, 2017, order, we need not further address her appeal of the denial of her motion to
vacate as it relates to the November 13 order. We affirm the district court’s order
denying Mary Orwig’s motion to vacate.
V
[¶23] We conclude Mary Orwig’s remaining arguments are either without merit or
unnecessary to our decision. Mary Orwig’s appeal of the July 31 and October 9,
2017, orders is dismissed. The November 13, 2017, order is reversed and remanded.
The order denying the motion to vacate is affirmed.
[¶24] Lisa Fair McEvers
Jon J. Jensen
Jerod E. Tufte
Carol Ronning Kapsner, S.J.
Gerald W. VandeWalle, C.J.
[¶25] The Honorable Carol Ronning Kapsner, S.J., sitting in place of Crothers, J.,
disqualified.
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