STATE OF NEW JERSEY VS. JOSE D. LOPEZ (12-02-0213 AND 13-07-0267, MIDDLESEX COUNTY AND STATEWIDE) ( 2020 )

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the
internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-2836-18T3
STATE OF NEW JERSEY,
Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
JOSE D. LOPEZ, a/k/a
CHOLO LOPEZ, CHOLITO
LOPEZ, ELIONEXIS LOPEZ,
JOSE V. LOPEZ, JOSE DAVID
LOPEZ, and DAVID JOSE
LOPEZ,
Defendant-Appellant.
___________________________
Submitted January 28, 2020 – Decided March 6, 2020
Before Judges Currier and Firko.
On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
Division, Middlesex County, Indictment No. 12-02-
0213 and Accusation No. 13-07-0267.
Joseph E. Krakora, Public Defender, attorney for
appellant (Suzannah Brown, Designated Counsel, on
the brief).
Gurbir S. Grewal, Attorney General, attorney for
respondent (Leslie-Ann Marshall Justus, Deputy
Attorney General, of counsel and on the brief).
PER CURIAM
Defendant Jose D. Lopez appeals from a December 13, 2018 Law Division
order denying his petition for post-conviction relief (PCR) without an
evidentiary hearing. We affirm.
I.
In February 2012, a Middlesex County grand jury charged defendant with
one count of second-degree leader of auto theft trafficking network, N.J.S.A.
2C:20-18 (count one); one count of second-degree operation of a facility for the
sale of stolen automobiles, N.J.S.A. 2C:20-16 (count two); four counts of third-
degree alteration of motor vehicle identification numbers (VIN), N.J.S.A.
2C:17-6 (counts three, fourteen, sixteen, and eighteen); one count of third-
degree fencing, N.J.S.A. 2C:20-7.1(b) (count four); one count of third-degree
conspiracy to commit theft by unlawful taking, N.J.S.A. 2C:5-2 and N.J.S.A.
2C:20-3 (count five); four counts of third-degree receiving stolen property,
N.J.S.A. 2C:20-7 (counts six, thirteen, fifteen, and seventeen); one count of
second-degree burglary, N.J.S.A. 2C:18-2(a)(1) (count nine); and one count of
theft by unlawful taking, N.J.S.A. 2C:20-3 (count ten).
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In July 2013, defendant was charged in an accusation with first-degree
promotion of organized crimes, N.J.S.A. 2C:33-30(a). The charges stemmed
from the operation of an auto theft ring in Sayreville, led by defendant, which
stole more than 100 vehicles, chopped them up, painted them, and changed the
VINs in defendant's backyard. Several of the stolen vehicles were towed to
scrap yards and defendant provided fraudulent titles to the scrap yard owners,
which he created using computer software he developed.
At his July 2013 plea hearing, defendant provided a factual basis for his
plea. Defendant testified that he was the "brains" and "organizer" of the auto
theft ring and that he taught other individuals how to steal the vehicles , empty
their contents, and tow them to scrap yards, then paid them for their efforts.
Defendant admitted to operating a "chop-shop" in his backyard and a paint shop
to repaint the stolen vehicles. He also admitted committing theft and fencing
stolen property with a co-conspirator.
During plea hearing, the State presented a chart entitled, "Vehicles Stolen
by or at the Direction of Jose D. Lopez," which listed more than 100 stolen
vehicles, including vans and motorcycles. Defendant acknowledged it was
accurate.
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On September 16, 2013, defendant was sentenced on Indictment No. 12-
02-0213 to ten years of imprisonment with five years of parole ineligibility on
counts one and two, a concurrent term of five years of imprisonment on count
five, and fifteen years of imprisonment, with a five-year period of parole
ineligibility on the Accusation, to run concurrently to his sentence on the
indictment. Defendant appealed his sentence and then withdrew the appeal.
In June 2017, defendant filed a pro se petition for PCR, which did not
make any specific assertions. The court appointed counsel to represent
defendant, and counsel filed a brief in support of the petition, alleging
ineffective assistance of counsel.
On November 2, 2018, the PCR court heard oral argument on the petition,
and thereafter, filed a written opinion in which it concluded that defendant had
not been denied the effective assistance of counsel. The court determined that
an evidentiary hearing was not required. On December 13, 2018, the PCR court
entered an order denying the petition.
Defendant appeals and raises the following arguments:
POINT I
THE PCR COURT ERRED IN FAILING TO HOLD
AN EVIDENTIARY HEARING ON MR. LOPEZ'S
CLAIM THAT TRIAL COUNSEL PROVIDED HIM
WITH INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL
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BY FAILING TO MOVE FOR A SPEEDY TRIAL
AND FOR FAILING TO OBJECT TO THE
INSUFFICIENT FACTUAL BASIS PROVIDED FOR
EACH OF HIS GUILTY PLEAS.
A. FAILURE TO MOVE FOR A SPEEDY TRIAL.
B. FAILURE TO OBJECT TO THE
SUFFICIENCY OF THE FACTUAL BASIS
PROVIDED FOR EACH OFFENSE.
We are convinced from our review of the record that defendant's
arguments are entirely without merit. We affirm the denial of PCR substantially
for the reasons stated by the PCR court in its written opinion.
II.
"A petitioner must establish the right to [post-conviction] relief by a
preponderance of the credible evidence." State v. Preciose, 129 N.J. 451, 459
(1992) (citing State v. Mitchell, 126 N.J. 565, 579 (1992)). To sustain that
burden, the petitioner must set forth specific facts that "provide the court with
an adequate basis on which to rest its decision." Mitchell, 126 N.J. at 579.
A defendant must prove two elements to establish a PCR claim that trial
counsel was constitutionally ineffective: first, that "counsel's performance was
deficient[,]" that is, "that counsel made errors so serious that counsel was not
functioning as the 'counsel' guaranteed the defendant by the Sixth
Amendment[;]" second, that "there is a reasonable probability that, but for
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counsel's unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been
different." Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 667-68, 694 (1984); accord State
v. Fritz, 105 N.J. 42, 52, 61 (1987). "A reasonable probability is a probability
sufficient to undermine confidence in the outcome." State v. Harris, 181 N.J.
391, 432 (2004) (quoting Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694).
To prove the first element, a defendant must "overcome a 'strong
presumption' that counsel exercised 'reasonable professional judgment' and
'sound trial strategy' in fulfilling his responsibilities." State v. Nash, 212 N.J.
518, 542 (2013) (quoting State v. Hess, 207 N.J. 123, 147 (2011)). To prove the
second element, a defendant must demonstrate "how specific errors of counsel
undermined the reliability of the finding of guilt." United States v. Cronic, 466
U.S. 648, 659 n.26 (1984).
PCR courts are not required to conduct evidentiary hearings unless the
defendant establishes a prima facie case and "there are material issues of
disputed fact that cannot be resolved by reference to the existing record . . . ."
R. 3:22-10(b). "To establish such a prima facie case, the defendant must
demonstrate a reasonable likelihood that his or her claim will ultimately succeed
on the merits." State v. Marshall, 148 N.J. 89, 158 (1997). Speculative
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assertions are insufficient to establish a prima facie case of ineffective assistance
of counsel. State v. Cummings, 321 N.J. Super. 154, 170 (App. Div. 1999).
Applying these well-settled standards of review, we affirm the PCR
judge's denial of defendant's petition. Defendant argues that he was denied the
effective assistance of trial counsel because his attorney allegedly failed to
pursue a speedy trial claim leading to an almost two-year delay between his
arrest on October 23, 2011 and July 12, 2013, when he pled guilty.
In assessing a Sixth Amendment speedy trial claim, the court must
consider: (1) the length of the delay, (2) the reason for the delay, (3) whether
the defendant asserted his right, and (4) whether defendant was prejudiced by
the delay. Barker v. Wingo, 407 U.S. 514, 530 (1972).
Here, as the PCR court noted, defendant failed to appear for several court
hearings, resulting in the issuance of three bench warrants for his arrest.
Defendant's failure to appear in court delayed the matter for over eleven-and-a-
half months.
Moreover, this was a complex case requiring an extensive investigation
into defendant's multi-faceted auto theft ring. The investigation covered
defendant's role as the leader of an auto trafficking network, operating a facility
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in his backyard to dismantle, re-paint, and alter VINs on over 100 vehicles,
fencing, and conspiring with other individuals to commit these offenses.
The PCR court correctly found that defendant was not denied the effective
assistance of counsel because his attorney did not seek dismissal of the
indictment and accusation on the ground that the delay in resolving the charges
violated his constitutional right to a speedy trial under the Sixth Amendment to
the United States Constitution. The PCR court noted that neither the State,
defense counsel, nor the court could be faulted for defendant's lack of
cooperation, and had he appeared at all scheduled hearings, the case may have
resolved faster.
Defendant additionally contends that his trial attorney was ineffective
because she failed to object to the sufficiency of the factual basis provided for
each offense, and therefore, his guilty pleas should be vacated. In support of his
argument, defendant claims that he "was provided with details of the offenses in
the questions asked of him and simply provided yes or no answers in response."
In essence, defendant asserts he did not admit to the charges in his own words
in a manner sufficient to sustain the convictions.
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The PCR court declined to apply the standard set forth in State v. Slater,
198 N.J. 145 (2009). 1 Instead, the PCR court analyzed the merits of defendant's
claim under the Strickland standard and concluded that defendant failed to show
that his trial counsel's performance was deficient. Moreover, the PCR court
aptly noted that defendant did not indicate he wanted to withdraw his guilty plea.
In any event, defendant's claim is without merit. "The withdrawal of a
guilty plea is not an 'absolute right'; it is a matter within the broad discretion of
the trial court." State v. Simon, 161 N.J. 416, 444 (1999) (citations omitted).
Thus, an appellate court will reverse a "trial court's denial of [a] defendant's
request to withdraw his guilty plea . . . only if there was an abuse of discretion
which renders" the trial court's decision "clearly erroneous." Ibid.
We note the PCR court was also the sentencing court. After reviewing the
transcripts, the court concluded that the factual basis for the plea was sufficient
to establish every element of the crimes to which defendant pled guilty.
1
A motion to withdraw a guilty plea after sentencing can be granted only "to
correct a manifest injustice." R. 3:21-1. "[T]he longer the delay in raising a
reason for withdrawal . . . the greater the level of scrutiny" in evaluating the
claim. Slater, 198 N.J. at 160. The court must consider "(1) whether the
defendant has asserted a colorable claim of innocence; (2) the nature and
strength of defendant's reasons for withdrawal; (3) the existence of a plea
bargain; and (4) whether withdrawal would result in unfair prejudice to the State
or unfair advantage to the accused." Id. at 157-58.
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Moreover, the court noted that defendant signed the plea forms and was
informed by the court of his constitutional rights and the implications of a guilty
plea as to those rights. And, the court asked defendant whether he was satisfied
with his trial counsel's performance to which he answered in the affirmative.
We are convinced there is sufficient credible evidence in the record to support
the PCR court's denial of defendant's PCR petition.
Defendant further contends that the PCR court abused its discretion by
ruling on his petition without an evidentiary hearing. However, a hearing was
not required in this matter because defendant failed to present a prima facie case
of ineffective assistance of counsel. Preciose, 129 N.J. at 462. Furthermore,
defendant has not shown "there is a reasonable probability that, but for counsel's
unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different."
Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694. He was unable to demonstrate the required
prejudice.
Affirmed.
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