State v. Sanchez ( 2017 )

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1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO
2 STATE OF NEW MEXICO,
3 Plaintiff-Appellee,
4 v. No. A-1-CA-34322
5 MANUEL S. SANCHEZ,
6 Defendant-Appellant.
7 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF DOÑA ANA COUNTY
8 Fernando R. Macias, District Judge
9 Hector H. Balderas, Attorney General
10 Santa Fe, NM
11 for Appellee
12 Bennett J. Baur, Chief Public Defender
13 J.K. Theodosia Johnson
14 Santa Fe, NM
15 for Appellant
16 MEMORANDUM OPINION
17 Vigil, Judge.
18 {1} Manuel Sanchez (Defendant) appeals his convictions of conspiracy to traffic
19 in cocaine and trafficking in cocaine. [2 MIO 2] On appeal, Defendant challenges the
1 sufficiency of the evidence to support his conviction and asserts error resulting from
2 the admission of evidence related to uncharged prior conduct. [2 MIO 2, 4] This Court
3 issued a calendar notice proposing to affirm Defendant’s conviction and he has filed
4 an amended memorandum in opposition to that proposed summary disposition.
5 Having duly considered that amended memorandum, we are unpersuaded and now
6 affirm.
7 {2} With regard to Defendant’s sufficiency challenge, we proposed to affirm based
8 upon the evidence described in Defendant’s docketing statement. [CN 4] In his
9 amended memorandum in opposition to that proposed disposition, Defendant
10 highlights the fact that only one witness testified to the facts supporting Defendant’s
11 trafficking conviction. [2 MIO 3] Nonetheless, as we pointed out in our calendar
12 notice:
13 Given that this Court lacks any opportunity to observe demeanor,
14 however, we cannot weigh the credibility of live witnesses. See Tallman
15 v. ABF (Arkansas Best Freight), 1988-NMCA-091, ¶ 3, 108 N.M. 124,
16 767 P.2d 363, holding modified on other grounds by Delgado v. Phelps
17 Dodge Chino, Inc., 2001-NMSC-034, 131 N.M. 272, 34 P.3d 1148.
18 Instead, it is “the sole responsibility of the trier of fact to weigh the
19 testimony, determine the credibility of the witnesses, reconcile
20 inconsistencies, and determine where the truth lies.” Tallman, 1988-
21 NMCA-091, ¶ 3.
22 [CN 4] Because it is the sole province of the jury to weigh the evidence presented at
23 trial, we decline Defendant’s invitation to second-guess the jury’s findings in his case.
2
1 {3} With regard to the potential admission of character evidence at Defendant’s
2 trial, our calendar notice pointed out that Defendant’s docketing statement wholly
3 failed to provide facts material to a consideration of that issue, such as the purpose for
4 which the evidence was offered. [CN 6 (noting that, “[i]n sum, the docketing
5 statement does not explain what happened when Defendant objected to the admission
6 of the tape”)] In his amended memorandum in opposition to our proposed summary
7 disposition, Defendant does not elaborate upon what happened when he objected to
8 the admission of a tape recording of his post-arrest admission of having “shared” his
9 cocaine with his friends, except to inform us that:
10 The judge ruled that the questions asked by the police placed it within
11 the time period of the three charges; there was reference to the three
12 incidents in the statement; it was an admission; and that it was more
13 probative that prejudicial.
14 [2 MIO 4] It is not clear what “questions” from the police are involved in this ruling
15 or whether there was any genuine issue regarding the time period covered by
16 Defendant’s post-arrest statements. But, most importantly, we still cannot discern the
17 purpose for which the evidence was offered from Defendant’s recitation of the facts.
18 As a result, we are compelled to the same conclusion proposed in our calendar notice:
19 Because we must indulge every presumption “in favor of the correctness
20 and regularity of the trial court’s decision,” Reeves [v. Wimberly],
21 1988-NMCA-038, ¶ 21, [107 N.M. 231, 755 P.2d 75] we must presume,
22 under these circumstances, that the State’s currently-undisclosed
23 response to Defendant’s objection established some permissible use of
3
1 the tape recording pursuant to Rule 11-404(B)(1) [NMRA] or that the
2 district court otherwise admitted that evidence for some non-prohibited
3 purpose.
4 [CN 7-8]
5 {4} Defendant’s amended memorandum in opposition also raises a new issue
6 concerning the possibility that the district court should have excluded the taped
7 statements because their probative value may have been substantially outweighed by
8 a risk of undue prejudice. [2 MIO 5] In support of that contention, Defendant asserts
9 that the relevant prejudice would arise from a jury’s assumption that someone who
10 had “shared” his cocaine with friends in the past would be likely to have “sold cocaine
11 in this incident.” [2 MIO 6]
12 {5} Even assuming that a jury is likely to draw the prejudicial conclusion that
13 Defendant posits, in order to assess this claim of error, this Court would need to weigh
14 that risk of prejudice against the evidence’s probative value. Rule 11-403 NMRA. As
15 already noted, however, Defendant’s summary of the facts below, both in his
16 docketing statement and in his amended memorandum in opposition, fails to disclose
17 the purpose for which Defendant’s statements regarding sharing cocaine were offered.
18 Without knowing that purpose or having any other means to assess the probative value
19 of Defendant’s recorded statements, this Court is in no position to engage in the
20 balancing required by Rule 11-403. Ultimately, regardless of whether the question is
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1 framed in terms of Rule 11-403 or Rule 11-404, Defendant has failed to provide us
2 with “all facts material to a consideration of” the issue he now seeks to raise. Rule 12-
3 208(D)(3)-(4) NMRA.
4 {6} Defendant’s convictions are affirmed.
5 {7} IT IS SO ORDERED.
6 __________________________________
7 MICHAEL E. VIGIL, Judge
8 WE CONCUR:
9 __________________________
10 LINDA M. VANZI, Chief Judge
11 __________________________
12 JULIE J. VARGAS, Judge
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