Gordon v. Berryhill ( 2019 )

1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 2 DISTRICT OF NEVADA 3 *** 4 STEPHANIE GORDON, Case No.: 2:19-cv-01046-GMN-EJY 5 Plaintiff, 6 ORDER v. 7 NANCY BERRYHILL, Acting Commissioner 8 of the SSA, 9 Defendant. 10 11 Plaintiff has requested authority pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915 to proceed in forma pauperis 12 (Docket No. 1), and has submitted a Complaint (Docket No. 1-1). 13 I. Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis 14 Plaintiff filed an application to proceed in forma pauperis. Docket No. 1. The application 15 sufficiently shows an inability to prepay fees and costs or give security for them. Accordingly, the 16 application to proceed in forma pauperis will be granted pursuant to § 1915. The Court will now 17 review Plaintiff’s complaint. 18 II. Screening the Complaint 19 When a party seeks permission to pursue a civil case in forma pauperis, courts will screen 20 the complaint. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e). With respect to claims against the Social Security 21 Administration, judges in this District have outlined some basic requirements for a complaint to 22 satisfy the Court’s screening. First, the complaint must establish that administrative remedies were 23 exhausted pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 405(g), and that the civil action was commenced within 60 days 24 after notice of a final decision. Second, the complaint must indicate the judicial district in which 25 the plaintiff resides. Third, the complaint must state the nature of the plaintiff’s disability and 26 when the plaintiff claims to have become disabled. Fourth, the complaint must contain a plain, 27 short, and concise statement identifying the nature of the plaintiff’s disagreement with the 28 1 determination made by the Social Security Administration and show that the plaintiff is entitled to 2 relief. See, e.g., Graves v. Colvin, 2015 WL 357121, *2 (D. Nev. Jan. 26, 2015) (collecting cases). 3 The Court has reviewed Plaintiff’s complaint and finds these elements have not been pled or met. 4 Instead, Plaintiff appears to be alleging civil and criminal claims against the Social Security 5 Administration including a claim under 18 U.S.C. § 4 (Misprision of Felony), 42 U.S.C. § 1320a- 6 7b (Effect of Failure to Carry Out State Plan), 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (a civil rights claim), 5 U.S.C. § 7 552a (a civil code pertaining to Records Maintained on Individuals), and 20 C.F.R. Appendix A 8 to Part 401 (Employee Standard of Conduct). 9 Proceeding in forma pauperis is a privilege, not a right. E.g., Williams v. Field, 394 F.2d 10 329, 332 (9th Cir. 1968). When a party seeks permission to pursue a civil case in forma pauperis, 11 courts will screen the complaint pursuant to federal statute. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e). In particular, 12 the governing statute provides that courts shall dismiss a case at any time if it determines that, inter 13 alia, it is frivolous or malicious, or fails to state a claim on which relief may be granted. See id. 14 A central function of this screening process is to “discourage the filing of, and waste of judicial 15 and private resources upon, baseless lawsuits that paying litigants generally do not initiate because 16 of the cost of bringing suit.” Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 319, 327 (1989). 17 In civil cases in which the plaintiff seeks to proceed in forma pauperis, courts require that 18 the plaintiff comply with the robust authority that complaints must provide sufficient notice of the 19 20 basis of the claims presented and state a claim for relief. See, e.g., Watison v. Carter, 668 F.3d 21 1108, 1112 (9th Cir. 2012). Complaints are subject to the pleading standards set out in Rule 8. 22 Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S. 506, 512 (2002). Although Rule 8 does not require detailed 23 factual allegations, the complaint must set forth the grounds of the plaintiff’s entitlement to relief 24 and may not rest on “labels and conclusions” or a “formulaic recitation of the elements of a cause 25 of action.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009). Courts must accept as true all well-pled 26 factual allegations contained in the complaint, but the same requirement does not apply to legal 27 conclusions. Id. at 679. Mere recitals of the elements of a cause of action, supported only by 28 conclusory allegations, do not suffice. Id. at 678. Moreover, where the claims in the complaint 1 have not crossed the line from conceivable to plausible, the complaint should be dismissed. Bell 2 Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007). When a court dismisses a complaint under 3 § 1915(e), the plaintiff should be given leave to amend the complaint with directions as to curing 4 its deficiencies, unless it is clear from the face of the complaint that the deficiencies could not be 5 cured by amendment. See Cato v. United States, 70 F.3d 1103, 1106 (9th Cir. 1995).1 6 Here, Plaintiff fails to state the necessary elements (or allege facts that would support the 7 necessary elements) of her civil claims against the Social Security Administration. Plaintiff cannot 8 pursue a claim based on criminal statutes. The Court therefore will dismiss Plaintiff’s Complaint 9 without prejudice for the Plaintiff to file an amended complaint. 10 If Plaintiff chooses to file an amended complaint, the document must be titled “Amended 11 Complaint.” The amended complaint must contain a short and plain statement of the grounds for 12 the Court’s jurisdiction. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(1). Additionally, the amended complaint must 13 contain a short and plain statement describing the underlying case and Defendant’s conduct that 14 constitutes discrimination. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2). Although the Federal Rules of Civil 15 Procedure adopt a flexible pleading standard, Plaintiff still must give the Defendant fair notice of 16 the Plaintiff’s claims against it and Plaintiff’s entitlement to relief. 17 Additionally, Plaintiff is advised that if he files an amended complaint, the original 18 complaint (ECF No. 2) no longer serves any function in this case. As such, the amended complaint 19 20 must be complete in and of itself without reference to prior pleadings or other documents. The 21 Court cannot refer to a prior pleading or other documents to make Plaintiff’s amended complaint 22 complete. 23 IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that Plaintiff’s Application for Leave to Proceed In Forma 24 Pauperis (ECF No. 1) is GRANTED. Plaintiff will not be required to pay the filing fee in this 25 action. Plaintiff is permitted to maintain this action to conclusion without the necessity of 26 27 1 In cases in which the plaintiff is proceeding pro se, the Court liberally construes her pleadings. 28 Hebbe v. Pliler, 627 F.3d 338, 342 & n.7 (9th Cir. 2010) (finding that liberal construction of pro se pleadings is required after Twombly and Iqbal). Plaintiff is represented by an attorney in this case. 1 prepayment of any additional fees or costs or the giving of a security for fees or costs. This Order 2 granting leave to proceed in forma pauperis does not extend to the issuance of subpoenas at 3 government expense. 4 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Clerk of the Court must file Plaintiff’s Motion to 5 Expedite Benefits (ECF No. 1-1). 6 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Motion (which the Court is treating as a complaint) 7 is DISMISSED without prejudice for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, with 8 leave to amend. If Plaintiff chooses to file an amended complaint, Plaintiff must file the amended 9 complaint within 30 days from the date of this Order. Failure to comply with this Order may result 10 in a recommendation that this action be dismissed. 11 12 DATED: August 16, 2019. 13 14 15 ELAYNA J. YOUCHAH United States Magistrate Judge 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28