Baxter Bailey and Associates Inc. v. AG Light and Sound Inc. ( 2023 )

2 3 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 4 DISTRICT OF NEVADA 5 * * * 6 BAXTER BAILEY AND Case No. 2:22-cv-00794-MMD-VCF ASSOCIATES, INC., 7 ORDER Plaintiff, 8 v. 9 AG LIGHT AND SOUND, INC., 10 Defendant. 11 I. SUMMARY 12 This action involves a dispute about payment of debt owed for delivery of materials 13 and equipment that Defendant AG Lighting and Sound, Inc. provided for a Halloween 14 event referred to as Freaky Deaky. New Direx Incorporated provided the delivery services 15 and had assigned rights to collect on any debt owed to Plaintiff Baxter Bailey and 16 Associates. Before the Court are the parties’ cross-motions for summary judgment. (ECF 17 Nos. 15 (“Defendant’s Motion”), 16 (“Plaintiff’s Motion”).1) As explained below, the Court 18 finds that genuine issues of material fact exist to preclude summary judgment and denies 19 both motions. 20 II. BACKGROUND 21 The following facts are undisputed unless noted otherwise.2 22 23 24 1The Court has reviewed the briefs relating to both motions. (ECF Nos. 17, 18, 19, 20.) 25 2AG raises several objections to the evidence Plaintiff offered in support of 26 Plaintiff’s Motion and its opposition to Defendant’s Motion, which the Court finds unnecessary to resolve in deciding the parties’ motions. Both motions rely on the 27 deposition testimony of AG’s 30(b)(6) witness (Andrew Gumper), and attached Gumper’s entire deposition transcript, albeit in both the normal version (Exhibit 1 to Plaintiff’s 28 Motion) and condensed version (Exhibit D to Defendant’s Motion). The Court alternatively cites to Gumper’s deposition attached to both motions. 2 several events in 2021, including the Freaky Deaky project and the project referred to as 3 Overtime Elite (“OTE”). (ECF No. 16 at 3, 82-84; ECF No. 16 at 50-53 (Gumper’s 4 testimony about services for two projects, Freaky Deaky and Overtime Elite).) AG does 5 not dispute that New Direx provided the delivery services. (ECF No. 15 at 50 (Gumper’s 6 testimony that the equipment was delivered for an event in Baytown, Texas that they 7 referred to as Freaky Deaky in 2021).) Nor does AG dispute that the three invoices add 8 up to $90,100. (ECF No. 16 at 82-85 (three invoices (“the Invoices”)); ECF No. 15 at 52.) 9 Baxter alleges that AG did not pay for the services and as New Direx’s assignee, Baxter 10 seeks to collect on the debt.3 (ECF No. 1 at 2; ECF No. 16 at 3.) 11 AG disputes the debt owed and counters that the debt was satisfied under an 12 agreement with New Direx where it paid New Direx $189,000.00 to discharge all 13 outstanding obligations.4 (ECF No. 15 at 4.) Specifically, Gumper testified that AG had 14 used deposits received for the Freaky Deaky project to pay New Direx the oldest invoices, 15 which happened to be OTE invoices; but when Overtime Elite was not paying AG, AG 16 then asked New Direx to apply payments it had made on the Overtime Elite project to the 17 Freaky Deaky invoices, and AG then negotiated a settlement to pay a percentage of the 18 remaining open invoices involving Overtime Elite. (ECF No. 15 at 51-53.) In other words, 19 according to Gumper, Freaky Deaky’s invoices were paid, and AG and New Direx settled 20 the invoices involving Overtime Elite. 21 Plaintiff asserts three claims: breach of contract, breach of the implied covenant of 22 good faith and fair dealing, and unjust enrichment. (ECF No. 1.) Plaintiff’s Motion seeks 23 summary judgment on the first and third claim. (ECF No. 16.) Defendant’s Motion seeks 24 summary judgment on all three claims. (ECF No. 15.) 25 26 3On January 3, 2021, New Direx assigned its rights to all obligations owed to Baxter. (ECF No. 16 at 106.) 27 4AG disputes the existence of a contract with New Direx and does not concede 28 that the Invoices evidenced the terms of any agreement with New Direx. (ECF No. 15 at 2 The parties’ motions present similar arguments for cross summary judgment on 3 Baxter’s claims. The Court finds that material issues of fact remain as to the existence of 4 the outstanding debt to preclude summary judgment. The Court will first address AG’s 5 accord and satisfaction defense, and then will address the parties’ arguments on Baxter’s 6 three claims collectively. 7 A. AG’s Accord and Satisfaction Argument 8 As the party availing itself of accord and satisfaction, AG “bears the burden of proof 9 and must establish clearly that there was a meeting of the minds of the parties, 10 accompanied by a sufficient consideration.” Walden v. Backus, 408 P.2d 712, 713-14 11 (Nev. 1965) (emphasis in original). But viewing the evidence in the light most favorable 12 to Baxter as the non-moving party on Defendant’s Motion, AG has not “clearly” shown 13 there was a meeting of the minds that the settlement of outstanding debt on the OTE 14 invoices covered unpaid invoices for the Freaky Deaky project. 15 AG relied on Gumper’s deposition testimony that he discussed with New Direx’s 16 representative about applying payment AG had made on the Overtime Elite project to the 17 Freaky Deaky project and they would settle any unpaid invoices on the Overtime Elite 18 project. (ECF No. 15 at 51-53.) However, when viewed in the light most favorable to 19 Baxter, Gumper’s testimony could reasonably be construed to support Baxter’s 20 contention that the settlement was a compromise on the outstanding invoices involving 21 Overtime Elite, not an accord and satisfaction on the Freaky Deaky invoices. Moreover, 22 Gumper also testified that within a week from the settlement they received all the Freaky 23 Deaky invoices back from New Direx and a demand for payment, claiming the debt was 24 separate from the settlement involving the OTE invoices. (Id.) And as Baxter pointed out 25 in opposition, the email that AG cites as support for confirmation of the settlement (Exhibit 26 E to Defendant’s Motion (ECF No. 15 at 58)) does not even reference any such 27 agreement. The email discusses reversing some invoices and what was owed, but there 28 is no reference to the invoices that Baxter claims relates to the Freaky Deaky project or 2 claims relates to OTE for payment of $189,000.00 and made no reference to the Freaky 3 Deaky invoices. (ECF No. 16 at 110.) 4 B. Baxter’s Claims 5 Baxter’s three claims are premised on the existence of the agreement between AG 6 and New Direx to deliver equipment for the Freaky Deaky project as evidenced by the 7 Invoices, and on AG’s failure to pay on the Invoices. (ECF No. 1.) 8 As to Baxter’s first claim for breach of contract, Baxter argues there is no dispute 9 that the debt remains unpaid. (ECF No. 16 at 5-6.). AG counters that Baxter fails to offer 10 admissible evidence to support the existence of an agreement or its terms (ECF No. 15 11 at 6-7). AG insists that Baxter’s 30(b)(6) witness, Marcus Sherwood, could not identify the 12 terms of the agreement and had no first-hand knowledge about the services provided and 13 the rates to be charged. (ECF No. 15 at 7.) Baxter argues that the Invoices and Gumper’s 14 testimony support the existence of the agreement for delivery services for the Freaky 15 Deaky project. 16 Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the non-moving party in 17 considering the cross-motions, a rational trier of fact could find that Gumper’s testimony 18 supports the existence of the agreement for New Direx to deliver equipment and materials 19 for the Freaky Deaky event (ECF No. 15 at 50 (Gumper’s testimony that the equipment 20 was delivered for an event called Freaky Deaky); ECF No. 16 at 44 (same)), New Direx’s 21 completion of the delivery services rendered under the Invoices (ECF No. 15 at 51-54 22 (Gumper’s testimony about payment to New Direx on the Freaky Deaky project and the 23 total amounts of the Invoices)), and the settlement that led to payment on the OTE project 24 was unrelated to payment on the Freaky Deaky project. For example, Gumper testified 25 that AG had used Freaky Deaky’s deposits to pay the oldest invoices (i.e., OTE’s 26 invoices). (ECF No. 15 at 51-54.) While he explained that AG asked New Direx to later 27 apply the payments to Freaky Deaky when OTE was not paying, the evidence offered— 28 the email (Exhibit E to Defendant’s Motion (ECF No 15 at 58))—does not support his 1 || testimony. In sum, a rational trier of fact could reasonably find that AG and New Direx 2 || had an agreement for delivery of materials for the Freaky Deaky project, New Direx 3 || completed the delivery service, but payments were not made. The Court accordingly 4 || denies the parties’ respective motions on Baxter’s breach of contract claim. 5 The Court similarly denies summary judgment on Baxter’s remaining two claims. 6 || Both the second claim for breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing 7 || and the third claim for unjust enrichment are also premised on AG receiving the benefit 8 || of New Direx’s delivery services for the Freaky Deaky project but AG failed to pay for the 9 || services. As with Baxter’s breach of contract claim, AG argues there was no agreement 10 || to support a claim for breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing and 11 || the claim for unjust enrichment fails because accord and satisfaction bars recovery and 12 || the debt had been satisfied. (ECF No. 15 at 8-9.) The same factual disputes that bar 13 || summary judgment on the breach of contract claim preclude summary judgment on these 14 || two claims. Baxter’s arguments are premised on the Freaky Deaky invoices remaining 15 || outstanding (ECF No. 16 at 9-10), which the Court has found is a dispute that must be 16 || deferred to the trier of fact to resolve. 17 || IV. CONCLUSION 18 The Court notes that the parties made several arguments and cited to several 19 || cases not discussed above. The Court has reviewed these arguments and cases and 20 || determines that they do not warrant discussion as they do not affect the outcome of the 21 || motions before the Court. 22 It is therefore ordered that Defendant’s motion for summary judgment (ECF No. 23 || 15) is denied. 24 It is further ordered that Plaintiff's motion for summary judgment (ECF No. 16) is 25 || denied. 26 DATED THIS 21% Day of December 2023. 28 MIRANDAM.DU- si‘ □□□□□□□□ CHIEF UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE