Bouari v. United States of America ( 2024 )

1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 2 DISTRICT OF NEVADA 3 EMILE BOUARI, Case No.: 2:21-cv-01974-APG-DJA 4 Plaintiff Order Granting Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss 5 v. [ECF No. 70] 6 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, et al., 7 Defendants 8 Emile Bouari alleges that he was the victim of a wide conspiracy carried out by F.B.I. 9 agents, government attorneys, private attorneys and investigators, and his ex-wife to prosecute 10 him for federal crimes. ECF Nos. 8, 40, 69. Bouari filed a Second Amended Complaint (SAC) 11 after I previously dismissed his original complaint and his First Amended Complaint (FAC) for 12 various reasons. Defendants Paul Padda and Jason Hahn move to dismiss the SAC for failure to 13 state a claim, arguing that it “is difficult to discern from the rambling and incongruous narrative 14 provided by Plaintiff what his legal claims actually are.” ECF No. 70 at 3. Padda and Hahn 15 argue that Bouari does not identify any causes of action nor reference any law as the basis of his 16 claims, so he has not put them on notice as to what claims he is asserting against them. 17 Bouari responds that his pleadings state with specificity what roles the defendants played 18 in the alleged conspiracy and that he suffered constitutional injury as a result of the defendants’ 19 actions. He also contends that he implemented my feedback from a prior order by not including 20 any “case laws, statu[t]es, or long dissertations” in the SAC. ECF No. 72 at 3. 21 I grant Padda and Hahn’s motion to dismiss. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8 requires 22 Bouari to include in his complaint “a short and plain statement of the claim” which shows that he 23 “is entitled to relief” and gives the defendants “fair notice of what the claim is and the grounds 1 upon which it rests.” Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 (2007) (quotations omitted). 2 And he must make sufficient factual allegations to establish a plausible entitlement to relief. Id. 3 at 556. The allegations he makes in his complaint “must be simple, concise, and direct.” Fed. R. 4 Civ. P. 8(d)(1). 5 In his SAC, Bouari does not identify what claims he is bringing, nor does he explain them 6 in a short and plain statement or support them with factual allegations. As a result, he does not 7 put the defendants on fair notice of the claims he is bringing against them. I therefore grant the 8 defendants’ motion to dismiss because the SAC does not comply with Rule 8’s requirements. 9 Because Bouari is proceeding pro se, I will give him one last opportunity to amend his 10 complaint; however this will be his last chance to amend. Thus, I urge Bouari to refer to his 11 prior complaints, this order, and my two previous orders dismissing his complaints in crafting his 12 third amended complaint (TAC), should he choose to do so. See ECF Nos. 8; 34; 40; 63. The 13 TAC should implement the feedback contained in these two previous orders, as well as the 14 feedback I include below. 15 First, the TAC needs to clearly identify which claims Bouari is bringing against these 16 defendants. In a previous order, I identified the claims I believed Bouari was making. ECF No. 17 34 at 4-7. I told Bouari that in an amended complaint he should clearly and specifically identify 18 the claims he brings against the defendants. Id. at 7. Bouari did not do this in his SAC. If Bouari 19 chooses to file a TAC, I urge him to review my previous order and use it to help him clearly and 20 specifically identify the claims that he is making. He must also describe these claims in a short 21 and plain statement that includes sufficient factual detail to show that he is plausibly entitled to 22 relief. He should pay particular attention to the claims I identified as time-barred and not raise 23 those claims in his TAC. Id. at 4-7. 1 I also urge Bouari to identify the specific legal sources of the claims he is making, 2 whether state or federal law, in order to give the defendants fair notice of the claims he is 3 bringing against them. For example, in his SAC, Bouari states that he “suffer[ed] immense 4 constitutional injuries of various dimensions.” This does not sufficiently identify the basis of the 5 claim (e.g., violation of the U.S. Constitution’s Equal Protection Clause) and how the defendants 6 committed the violation. Bouari indicated in his response that he did not include any law or 7 statutes because my prior order stated that the “multiple lengthy law statements” in his FAC did 8 not state a claim. ECF Nos. 63 at 2; 72 at 3. But by not including any law or statutes in his SAC, 9 he fails to put the defendants on notice of what claims he is bringing. In his TAC, Bouari should 10 identify the legal basis of the claim but not include pages of lengthy rule paragraphs like he 11 included in his FAC. Additionally, Bouari should keep in mind that if he is alleging only 12 Nevada constitutional, statutory, or common law claims, there would be no federal question 13 presented in his complaint, and I would likely not have jurisdiction to hear his claims. See 14 Caterpillar Inc. v. Williams, 482 U.S. 386, 392 (1987). 15 The SAC asserts claims against a variety of defendants that are no longer parties to this 16 suit. The TAC should reflect that only two defendants remain in this case—Padda and Hahn— 17 and specify which claims Bouari brings against which of them. However, the TAC can and 18 should refer to individuals other than Padda and Hahn, including former parties, to the extent 19 necessary to explain and support the claims he is asserting against Padda and Hahn. 20 Finally, the TAC must be a complete document in and of itself and will supersede the 21 original complaint, the FAC, and the SAC in their entirety. Once Bouari files the TAC, these 22 prior complaints will be treated “as non-existent.” Ramirez v. Cnty. Of San Bernadino, 806 F.3d 23 1002, 1008 (9th Cir. 2015) (quotation omitted). “In other words, the [previous] pleading[s] no 1} longer perform[] any function.” /d. (quotation omitted). Bouari must include all claims he wishes to bring, and the facts and law that support them, in the TAC if he wishes for me to consider them. 4 I THEREFORE ORDER the defendants’ motion to dismiss (ECF No. 70) is granted. 5 I] FURTHER ORDER that Bouari may file an amended complaint by June 30, 2024. If he does not do so, his claims in the second amended complaint will remain dismissed without 7\| prejudice and I will close this case. 8 DATED this 3rd day of June, 2024. 9 '0 ANDREWP.GORDON. SS UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23