EAST, RONALD J. v. GILES, RACHEL L. ( 2015 )


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  •         SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
    Appellate Division, Fourth Judicial Department
    1255
    CAF 14-01152
    PRESENT: SCUDDER, P.J., CENTRA, PERADOTTO, LINDLEY, AND VALENTINO, JJ.
    IN THE MATTER OF RONALD J. EAST,
    PETITIONER-RESPONDENT,
    V                             MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
    RACHEL L. GILES, RESPONDENT-APPELLANT.
    --------------------------------------
    IN THE MATTER OF RACHEL L. GILES,
    PETITIONER-APPELLANT,
    V
    RONALD J. EAST, RESPONDENT-RESPONDENT.
    GERALD J. VELLA, SPRINGVILLE, FOR RESPONDENT-APPELLANT AND PETITIONER-
    APPELLANT.
    TRAVIS J. BARRY, ATTORNEY FOR THE CHILDREN, HAMMONDSPORT.
    Appeal from an amended order of the Family Court, Steuben County
    (Joseph W. Latham, J.), entered February 27, 2014 in proceedings
    pursuant to Family Court Act articles 6 and 8. The amended order,
    among other things, granted the petition of Ronald J. East to modify
    visitation and denied the family offense petition of Rachel L. Giles.
    It is hereby ORDERED that the amended order so appealed from is
    unanimously affirmed without costs.
    Memorandum: In these proceedings pursuant to Family Court Act
    articles 6 and 8, respondent-petitioner mother Rachel L. Giles appeals
    from an order that granted the petition of petitioner-respondent
    father Ronald J. East seeking to modify the visitation provisions of
    the judgment of divorce with respect to the subject children, and
    denied the mother’s petitions seeking termination of the father’s
    visitation and a determination that the father committed a family
    offense based on allegations that the father had sexually abused the
    parties’ daughter. We note at the outset that Family Court issued an
    amended order that superseded the order from which the mother appeals.
    We nevertheless exercise our discretion to treat the notice of appeal
    as valid and deem the appeal as taken from the amended order (see CPLR
    5520 [c]; Matter of Donegan v Torres, 126 AD3d 1357, 1358, lv denied
    26 NY3d 905). We further note that the mother failed to include in
    the record on appeal the judgment of divorce. “Although [such an]
    omission . . . ordinarily would result in dismissal of the appeal
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    CAF 14-01152
    . . . , there is no dispute concerning the custody [and visitation]
    provisions contained in the judgment,” and we therefore reach the
    merits (Matter of Walker v Cameron, 88 AD3d 1307, 1308 [internal
    quotation marks omitted]; see Matter of Carey v Windover, 85 AD3d
    1574, 1574, lv denied 17 NY3d 710).
    With respect to the parties’ article 6 petitions, we conclude
    that the court did not abuse its discretion in determining that the
    daughter’s out-of-court statements related to the alleged sexual abuse
    were not reliably corroborated. “It is well settled that there is ‘an
    exception to the hearsay rule in custody [and visitation] cases
    involving allegations of abuse and neglect of a child, based on the
    Legislature’s intent to protect children from abuse and neglect as
    evidenced in Family Ct Act § 1046 (a) (vi)’ . . . , where . . . the
    statements are corroborated” (Matter of Mateo v Tuttle, 26 AD3d 731,
    732; see Matter of Ordona v Campbell, 132 AD3d 1246, 1247). “Although
    the degree of corroboration [required] is low, a ‘threshold of
    reliability’ must be met” (Matter of Zukowski v Zukowski, 106 AD3d
    1293, 1294; see generally Matter of Nicholas J.R. [Jamie L.R.], 83
    AD3d 1490, 1490, lv denied 17 NY3d 708). “The ‘repetition of an
    accusation does not corroborate a child’s prior statement’ . . . ,
    although the reliability threshold may be satisfied by the testimony
    of an expert” (Zukowski, 106 AD3d at 1294; see Matter of Alexis S.
    [Edward S.], 115 AD3d 866, 867). “Family Court has considerable
    discretion in deciding whether a child’s out-of-court statements
    alleging incidents of abuse have been reliably corroborated . . . ,
    and its findings must be accorded deference on appeal where . . . the
    . . . [c]ourt is primarily confronted with issues of credibility”
    (Matter of Nicole G. [Louis G.], 105 AD3d 956, 956).
    Here, there is no direct or physical evidence of abuse, and thus
    “the case turns almost entirely on issues of credibility” (Matter of
    Erinn G., 249 AD2d 879, 880). Although the mother correctly notes
    that some corroboration may be provided through the consistency of a
    child’s statements and that a child’s out-of-court statements may be
    corroborated by testimony regarding the child’s increased sexualized
    behavior (see Matter of Miranda HH. [Thomas HH.], 80 AD3d 896,
    898-899), the court determined here that the mother’s witnesses—who
    provided the corroborative testimony regarding the daughter’s
    purportedly consistent statements and sexualized behavior—were not
    credible. Conversely, the court credited the testimony of the father
    and his witnesses that tended to cast doubt on the veracity of the
    allegations of sexual abuse, and those credibility determinations are
    entitled to deference (see Nicole G., 105 AD3d at 956). In
    particular, we note that the court did not credit the mother’s expert
    therapist because the therapist assumed from the outset that the
    daughter had been abused and relied on evidence based predominately on
    contact with the daughter in circumstances controlled by the mother
    and her family. Indeed, the court-appointed psychologist who
    evaluated the daughter criticized various aspects of the approach
    employed by the therapist, including his practice of permitting the
    mother to be present during some of the daughter’s therapy sessions
    (see Zukowski, 106 AD3d at 1294). To the extent that the testimony of
    the psychologist and the therapist conflicted, the court was entitled
    -3-                          1255
    CAF 14-01152
    to give more probative weight to the testimony of the psychologist,
    who ultimately determined that, absent the court’s determination that
    the mother’s witnesses were credible, he could not conclude that the
    daughter had been abused (see Matter of Breann B., 185 AD2d 711, 711).
    Contrary to the mother’s contention, we conclude that the court
    properly gave weight to the opinion of the court-appointed
    psychologist, and agreed with the position of the Attorney for the
    Children, who contended that the mother’s proof was insufficient to
    establish that the daughter had been sexually abused by the father
    (see Matter of Ciccone v Ciccone, 74 AD3d 1337, 1338, lv denied 15
    NY3d 708).
    To the extent that the mother contends that the court’s
    determination to award the father unsupervised visitation with the
    children lacks a sound and substantial basis in the record, we reject
    that contention. It is well settled that “ ‘[v]isitation with the
    noncustodial parent is presumed to be in the child[ren]’s best
    interests . . . , and . . . denial of visitation is justified only for
    a compelling reason’ ” (Matter of Nwawka v Yamutuale, 107 AD3d 1456,
    1457, lv denied 21 NY3d 865). Here, inasmuch as the court determined
    that the evidence did not establish that the father had sexually
    abused the daughter, there was no compelling reason to deny the father
    visitation. Although the mother correctly notes that the psychologist
    recommended an incremental progression toward unsupervised visitation,
    we conclude that “[t]here is no merit to the mother’s contention that
    the court erred in disregarding the opinion of the court-appointed
    [psychologist on that issue], as the . . . [c]ourt is not bound by the
    recommendations of forensic experts” (Matter of Nelson v Nelson, 276
    AD2d 634, 634).
    Finally, we conclude that the court did not err in dismissing the
    mother’s family offense petition.
    Entered:   December 23, 2015                    Frances E. Cafarell
    Clerk of the Court
    

Document Info

Docket Number: CAF 14-01152

Filed Date: 12/23/2015

Precedential Status: Precedential

Modified Date: 11/1/2024