State v. Vinson , 2017 Ohio 4275 ( 2017 )

[Cite as State v. Vinson, 2017-Ohio-4275.]
STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
)ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
COUNTY OF SUMMIT )
STATE OF OHIO C.A. No. 28313
Appellee
v. APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT
ENTERED IN THE
LAMONT T. VINSON COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
COUNTY OF SUMMIT, OHIO
Appellant CASE No. CR 2016 01 0189
DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY
Dated: June 14, 2017
SCHAFER, Presiding Judge.
{¶1} Defendant-Appellant, Lamont T. Vinson, appeals his convictions and sentence
entered in the Summit County Court of Common Pleas. For the reasons set forth below, we
affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand.
I.
{¶2} On December 11, 2015, C.C. drove to her late mother’s house located on
Manchester Road in Akron, Ohio. Upon arriving at the house, C.C. discovered that the side door
to the home had been broken into and that some of her late mother’s jewelry had been stolen.
C.C. reported this incident to the police. The police ultimately located the stolen items at
Cashland, a financial services and retail business located in Barberton, Ohio. Cashland’s records
showed that on December 12, 2015, Vinson sold five pieces of jewelry for $562.00. On
December 15, 2015, C.C. retrieved her late mother’s jewelry from Cashland.
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{¶3} On February 1, 2016, the Summit County Grand Jury indicted Vinson on one
count of receiving stolen property in violation of R.C. 2913.51(A), a fifth-degree felony, and one
count of aggravated possession of drugs in violation of R.C. 2925.11(A)(C)(1), also a fifth-
degree felony. Vinson pleaded not guilty to both counts contained in the indictment and the
matter ultimately proceeded to a one-day jury trial.
{¶4} On June 13, 2016, the morning of trial, Vinson pleaded guilty to the aggravated
possession of drugs count contained within the indictment. The matter proceeded to trial on the
remaining count for receiving stolen property. At the close of the State’s case-in-chief, Vinson
made a Crim.R. 29 motion for judgment of acquittal, which the trial court denied. Vinson then
testified on his own behalf. At the close of evidence, Vinson renewed his Crim.R. 29 motion,
which the trial court again denied. The jury ultimately found Vinson guilty of receiving stolen
property, but found the value of the stolen property to be less than $1,000.00. Thus, the jury
convicted Vinson of a first-degree misdemeanor instead of a fifth-degree felony. See R.C.
2913.51(C). The trial court subsequently sentenced Vinson according to law.
{¶5} Vinson filed this timely appeal and raises three assignments of error for this
Court’s review. To facilitate our analysis, we elect to address Vinson’s first and second
assignments of error together.
II.
Assignment of Error I
Mr. Vinson’s conviction for receiving stolen property was against the
manifest weight of the evidence.
Assignment of Error II
The trial court committed reversible and plain error when it overruled Mr.
Vinson’s Crim.R. 29(A) motion for judgment of acquittal because the
evidence was insufficient to support a conviction.
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{¶6} In his first and second assignments of error, Vinson argues that his conviction for
receiving stolen property is both supported by insufficient evidence and against the manifest
weight of the evidence.1 We disagree on both points.
{¶7} “‘We review a denial of a defendant’s Crim.R. 29 motion for acquittal by
assessing the sufficiency of the State’s evidence.’” State v. Smith, 9th Dist. Summit No. 27389,
2015-Ohio-2842, ¶ 17, quoting State v. Frashuer, 9th Dist. Summit No. 24769, 2010-Ohio-634,
¶ 33. A sufficiency challenge of a criminal conviction presents a question of law, which we
review de novo. State v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 386 (1997). In carrying out this review,
our “function * * * is to examine the evidence admitted at trial to determine whether such
evidence, if believed, would convince the average mind of the defendant’s guilt beyond a
reasonable doubt.” State v. Jenks, 61 Ohio St.3d 259 (1991), paragraph two of the syllabus.
“Circumstantial and direct evidence inherently possess the same probative value.” Id. at
paragraph one of the syllabus. After such an examination and taking the evidence in the light
most favorable to the prosecution, we must decide whether “any rational trier of fact could have
found the essential elements of the crime proven beyond a reasonable doubt.” Id. at paragraph
two of the syllabus. Although we conduct de novo review when considering a sufficiency of the
evidence challenge, “we neither resolve evidentiary conflicts nor assess the credibility of
witnesses, as both are functions reserved for the trier of fact.” State v. Jones, 1st Dist. Hamilton
Nos. C-120570, C-120751, 2013-Ohio-4775 , ¶ 33.
{¶8} A sufficiency challenge is legally distinct from a manifest weight
challenge. Thompkins at 387. Accordingly, when applying the manifest weight standard, we are
required to consider the whole record, “weigh the evidence and all reasonable inferences,
1
Vinson does not challenge his conviction for aggravated possession of drugs.
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consider the credibility of the witnesses and determine whether, in resolving conflicts in the
evidence, the trier of fact clearly lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice
that the conviction must be reversed and a new trial ordered.” State v. Otten, 33 Ohio App.3d
339, 340 (9th Dist.1986). Courts are cautioned to only reverse a conviction on manifest weight
grounds “in exceptional cases,” State v. Carson, 9th Dist. Summit No. 26900, 2013–Ohio–5785,
¶ 32, citing Otten at 340, where the evidence “weighs heavily against the
conviction,” Thompkins at 387.
{¶9} This matter implicates Vinson’s conviction for receiving stolen property in
violation of R.C. 2913.51(A), a first-degree misdemeanor. R.C. 2913.51(A) states that “[n]o
person shall receive, retain, or dispose of property of another knowing or having reasonable
cause to believe that the property has been obtained through commission of a theft offense.” “A
person acts knowingly, regardless of his purpose, when he is aware that his conduct will
probably cause a certain result or will probably be of a certain nature. A person has knowledge
of circumstances when he is aware that such circumstances probably exist.” R.C. 2901.22(B).
{¶10} The State presented evidence at trial demonstrating that C.C. called the police on
December 11, 2015, to report that her late mother’s house had been broken into and that some of
her late mother’s jewelry had been stolen. Detective Robert Lehman of the Akron Police
Department testified that C.C. reported several pieces of jewelry stolen, including a very distinct
gold pendant eagle with a diamond set within its talons. Detective Lehman testified that upon
searching for this pendant in the LEADS online program, he located it along with the other
stolen pieces of jewelry at a business known as Cashland in Barberton, Ohio. C.C. positively
identified the jewelry at Cashland as belonging to her late mother and subsequently retrieved the
jewelry.
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{¶11} The State also presented the testimony of the Cashland employee who purchased
the jewelry in question. The employee testified that on December 12, 2015, she purchased “a
bunch of different gold items” from Vinson. The employee testified that she specifically
remembered purchasing the gold eagle pendant because she thought it was a “nice piece.” The
employee testified that per company policy, she made a copy of the seller’s driver’s license. The
employee stated that the seller’s driver’s license was valid on the day in question and that the full
name on the seller’s driver’s license was “Vinson Lamant Tyrone.” The employee testified that
the picture on the seller’s driver’s license matched the person who was selling the jewelry in the
store. The employee then identified Vinson at trial as the person who sold the jewelry to her.
The employee further testified that Vinson signed paperwork verifying that he had the right to
possess and sell the jewelry in question. C.C. testified at trial that she does not know Vinson and
never gave him permission to sell the jewelry.
{¶12} Moreover, Detective Lehman testified that he interviewed Vinson on January 19,
2016. Detective Lehman testified that during this interview, Vinson denied any involvement in
selling the jewelry in question and suggested that an unknown individual named “Rodney” was
actually responsible. Moreover, Detective Lehman stated that Vinson told him during the
interview that he lost his driver’s license several months ago. Detective Lehman testified that
Vinson obtained a new driver’s license on January 7, 2016, and that the picture in the new
license depicts Vinson wearing large eye glasses unlike the pictures in his previous driver’s
licenses.
{¶13} After viewing this evidence in a light most favorable to the State, we conclude
that the evidence presented at trial was sufficient for a jury to conclude that Vinson received
and/or disposed of C.C.’s late mother’s jewelry knowing or having reasonable cause to believe
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that the jewelry was obtained through the commission of a theft offense. C.C. testified that the
jewelry in question was stolen from her late mother’s house. She also testified that Vinson did
not have permission to sell this jewelry. Further, the Cashland employee testified that Vinson
was the individual who sold her the jewelry and that Vinson asserted that he had the right to
possess and sell the jewelry. Lastly, Detective Lehman testified that Vinson denied any
involvement with the jewelry in question and attempted to blame the crime on a mysterious
individual known only as “Rodney.” The Supreme Court of Ohio and the United States Supreme
Court have concluded that, “‘[p]ossession of recently stolen property, if not satisfactorily
explained, is ordinarily a circumstance from which you may reasonably draw the inference and
find, in the light of the surrounding circumstances shown by the evidence in the case, that the
person in possession knew the property had been stolen.’” State v. Arthur, 42 Ohio St.2d 67, 68
(1975), quoting Barnes v. United States, 412 U.S. 837 (1973). Thus, provided Vinson’s
unsatisfactory explanation to Detective Lehman in light of the Cashland employee’s positive
identification of Vinson at trial, we determine that the State presented sufficient evidence from
which the jury could reasonably infer that Vinson knew that the jewelry he sold at Cashland had
been stolen. Accordingly, we determine that the State met its burden of production in this
matter.
{¶14} Turning to his manifest weight challenge, Vinson contends that his conviction for
receiving stolen property is against the manifest weight of the evidence for several reasons.
First, at trial, Vinson denied any involvement in the sale of the jewelry in question. In fact,
Vinson denied having ever seen the jewelry in question and testified that he does not even know
where Cashland is located. Moreover, Vinson testified that he lost his driver’s license several
months before the day in question and that he was not the individual who provided Cashland
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with this form of identification. Vinson also testified that the signature on the Cashland receipt
is not his signature. Lastly, although the Cashland employee positively identified Vinson at trial
as the individual who sold her the jewelry, the employee could not recall either if the seller had
hair on top of his head or if he had facial hair. Moreover, the Cashland employee testified that
the seller did not have any tattoos on his face despite the fact that Vinson does have tattoos on
his face and neck.
{¶15} However, notwithstanding Vinson’s trial testimony, the jury apparently believed
the State’s theory of the case, which was predicated upon the testimony of Detective Lehman,
C.C., and the Cashland employee. The testimony of these three witnesses, if believed, supports
the conclusion that Vinson sold C.C.’s late mother’s stolen jewelry. Although the Cashland
employee identified Vinson as the jewelry seller despite testifying that the seller on the day in
question did not have facial tattoos, we do not think that this renders her identification inaccurate
or unreliable. The Cashland employee testified that she did not observe any tattoos on the seller
because he was wearing a coat. Moreover, the Cashland employee testified that the man who
sold her the jewelry looked like the individual in the photograph on the driver’s license that was
presented during the sale. The Cashland employee made a copy of this driver’s license at the
time of sale and Detective Lehman testified that this was Vinson’s driver’s license. This
testimony, if believed, demonstrates that Vinson was the individual who sold C.C.’s late
mother’s stolen jewelry at Cashland on the day in question. The trier of fact “‘is free to believe
all, part, or none of the testimony of each witness.’” State v. Clark, 9th Dist. Wayne No.
14AP0002, 2015-Ohio-2978, ¶ 24, quoting Prince v. Jordan, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 04CA008423,
2004-Ohio-7184, ¶ 35. A verdict is not against the manifest weight of the evidence merely
because the trier of fact found the State’s witnesses to be credible. State v. Andrews, 9th Dist.
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Summit No. 25114, 2010-Ohio-6126, ¶ 28. Thus, we cannot say that the jury clearly lost its way
and created a manifest miscarriage of justice in convicting Vinson of receiving stolen property.
{¶16} Vinson’s first and second assignments of error are overruled.
Assignment of Error III
The trial court committed reversible error by imposing court costs in its
sentencing entry when it did not impose those costs in open court at the
sentencing hearing.
{¶17} In his third assignment of error, Vinson argues that the trial court erred by
imposing court costs because it failed to impose court costs in open court at the sentencing
hearing. We agree.
{¶18} R.C. 2947.23 requires trial courts to impose court costs in criminal cases, and a
trial court may waive the payment of costs upon the motion of an indigent defendant. State v.
White, 103 Ohio St.3d 580, 2004-Ohio-5989, ¶ 14. A motion to waive the payment of costs must
be made at the time of sentencing, but the Supreme Court of Ohio has held that when a trial court
fails to mention costs during the sentencing hearing, a defendant is denied the opportunity to
request a waiver. State v. Joseph, 125 Ohio St.3d 76, 2010-Ohio-954, ¶ 13. When court costs
are subsequently imposed in a sentencing entry, a trial court violates Crim.R. 43(A) by depriving
the defendant of the right to be present at each stage of the proceedings. Id. at ¶ 22. The
appropriate remedy for such an error is to remand the case for the limited purpose of permitting
the defendant to move for a waiver of the payment of court costs. Id. at ¶ 23.
{¶19} In its merit brief, the State acknowledges that the trial court did not mention court
costs during Vinson’s sentencing hearing, but did impose costs in its sentencing entry. Upon
review of the record, we agree with both Vinson and the State that the trial court erroneously
imposed court costs in its sentencing entry after failing to discuss the payment of court costs
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during the sentencing hearing. Accordingly, we determine that the trial court erred by imposing
court costs against Vinson without giving him the opportunity to seek a waiver of payment. See
State v. Kirby, 9th Dist. Summit No. 27986, 2016-Ohio-8138, ¶ 15 (sustaining appellant’s
assignment of error where the trial court imposed court costs in its sentencing entry without
discussing court costs at the sentencing hearing).
{¶20} Vinson’s third assignment of error is sustained.
III.
{¶21} Vinson’s first and second assignments of error are overruled and his third
assignment of error is sustained. The judgment of the Summit County Court of Common Pleas
is affirmed in part and reversed in part, and this matter is remanded for further proceedings
consistent with this opinion.
Judgment affirmed in part,
reversed in part,
and cause remanded.
There were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common
Pleas, County of Summit, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy
of this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.
Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of
judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the
period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is
instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the
mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.
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Costs taxed equally to both parties.
JULIE A. SCHAFER
FOR THE COURT
CARR, J.
TEODOSIO, J.
CONCUR.
APPEARANCES:
SHUBHRA N. AGARWAL, Attorney at Law, for Appellant.
SHERRI BEVAN WALSH, Prosecuting Attorney, and HEAVEN DIMARTINO, Assistant
Prosecuting Attorney, for Appellee.