State v. Long , 2021 Ohio 2835 ( 2021 )

[Cite as State v. Long, 2021-Ohio-2835.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO
HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO
STATE OF OHIO, : APPEAL NO. C-200240
TRIAL NO. B-0402803
Plaintiff-Appellee, :
vs. : O P I N I O N.
JOHN LONG, :
Defendant-Appellant. :
Criminal Appeal From: Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas
Judgment Appealed From Is: Reversed and Cause Remanded
Date of Judgment Entry on Appeal: August 18, 2021
Joseph T. Deters, Hamilton County Prosecuting Attorney, and Philip R. Cummings,
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for Plaintiff-Appellee,
John W. Long, pro se.
OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
MYERS, Presiding Judge.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant John Long appeals the Hamilton County
Common Pleas Court’s judgment denying his Crim.R. 33(B) motion for leave to file a
Crim.R. 33(A)(6) motion for a new trial based on newly discovered evidence. We
reverse that judgment, because the record provides clear and convincing proof that
Long had, within 120 days of the return of the verdict, been unavoidably prevented
from discovering, and from presenting in a new-trial motion, the evidence upon
which his proposed new-trial motion depended.
The Trial
{¶2} In 2004, Long was convicted of murder in the stabbing death of
Amerrintha Spikes. Cincinnati Police Officer Thomas Coombs and his partner,
responding to an emergency call from Shalese Gilmore, were directed by Gilmore and
Petrina Crawford to a warehouse loading dock, where Spikes was found dead of
multiple stab wounds. Gilmore and Crawford told the officer that they had seen a man
whom they recognized from the neighborhood, running from the loading dock into a
nearby alley. In that alley, Officer Coombs found a pair of blue jeans shorts. In the
pocket of those shorts was a receipt for a bus ticket issued in the name, “John Long.”
The shorts were later collected by another police officer and submitted to the coroner’s
office for processing.
{¶3} Forensic analyses of other items found near the crime scene led police to
a number of potential suspects who, after further investigation, were cleared. The
name on the bus-ticket receipt found in the pocket of the jeans shorts led police to
initially develop as a suspect a man named John E. Long. The focus turned to the
defendant, John W. Long, four months later, when Marlonda Garrett told the lead
detective that she had purchased the bus ticket for John W. Long. Subsequent
analysis of biological material found on the jeans shorts showed Spikes’s blood on the
outside of the shorts and a mixture of DNA on the waistband consistent with that of
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
Spikes and Long. And Long was identified by Petrina Crawford in a photo spread as the
man she saw running from the loading dock and by a police officer as the man who had
that night, at three separate locations, approached the officer and questioned her
extensively about the murder.
{¶4} Shalese Gilmore was listed as a possible trial witness by the state in its
response to Long’s discovery request, but she was physically unable to appear. Petrina
Crawford testified at trial. She stated that she knew Long from the neighborhood, and
that while she had earlier seen him wearing dreadlocks, he had appeared that night to
be bald or possibly wearing a stocking on his head. She further stated that she had seen
him, as he ran from the loading dock into the alley, drop and pick up a red shirt and
something that sounded like metal when it hit the ground.
{¶5} Long took the stand in his own defense. He admitted that the jeans
shorts were his, but he denied killing Spikes. He stated that he had slept on the loading
dock for several days before the murder, and that he had left those shorts there four
days earlier.
Procedural Posture
{¶6} This court affirmed Long’s murder conviction in the direct appeal. See
State v. Long, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-040643 (Oct. 26, 2005), appeal not
accepted, 108 Ohio St.3d 1489, 2006-Ohio-962, 843 N.E.2d 794; see also State v.
Long, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-100285, 2010-Ohio-6115 (remanding for correction
of postrelease control). We also affirmed the denial of postconviction petitions and
motions and DNA-testing applications filed between 2010 and 2019. See State v.
Long, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-120521 (Apr. 24, 2013), appeal not accepted, 136
Ohio St.3d 1476, 2013-Ohio-3790, 993 N.E.2d 779; State v. Long, 1st Dist. Hamilton
Nos. C-130566 and C-130605 (June 13, 2014), appeal not accepted, 140 Ohio St.3d
1466, 2014-Ohio-4629, 18 N.E.3d 446; State v. Long, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
140420 (Mar. 20, 2015); State v. Long, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-180541, 2019-Ohio-
4857, appeal not accepted, 158 Ohio St.3d 1436, 2020-Ohio-877, 141 N.E.3d 247.
{¶7} In in 2018, we remanded to the common pleas court for entry of the
justiciable-claim finding required for Long to request public records under Ohio’s
Public Records Act, R.C. 149.43, to support his then-pending 2015 postconviction
petition. State v. Long, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-170529, 2018-Ohio-4194. His
public-records request was granted in May 2019, when he received his case file.
{¶8} In August 2019, based on matters disclosed in that case file, Long filed
with the common pleas court a postconviction petition, a motion for grand-jury
testimony, and a Crim.R. 33(B) motion for leave to file a motion for a new trial. In
September 2019, the common pleas court denied the postconviction petition and the
motion for grand-jury testimony, and we affirmed those judgments. State v. Long,
1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-190566, 2020-Ohio-4557, appeal not accepted, 161 Ohio
St.3d 1408, 2021-Ohio-106, 161 N.E.3d 695.
{¶9} In June 2020, the common pleas court entered judgment denying
Long’s 2019 Crim.R. 33(B) motion for leave to file a new-trial motion. In this appeal,
he presents a single assignment of error challenging that judgment. The challenge is
well taken.
Crim.R. 33(B) Motion for Leave
{¶10} In his proposed motion for a new trial, Long sought relief from his
murder conviction on the ground that newly discovered evidence demonstrated
prosecutorial misconduct in failing to disclose in discovery material, outcome-
determinative evidence. He supported the various aspects of that claim with
evidence gleaned from the case file provided in response to his public-records
request.
{¶11} Long offered Officer Coombs’s “Police Officer’s Notes,” in which the
officer had left blank the space for noting any evidence “recover[ed],” to show that
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
the officer had perjured himself when he testified at trial that he had found the
incriminating jeans shorts in a nearby alley. Long also offered eyewitness Shalese
Gilmore’s statement to police, along with the summary of her statement provided in
the case’s “Investigative Log,” which, Long insisted, showed that Gilmore had
provided a physical description of the suspect that did not match him, and that the
lead detective had perjured herself when she testified at trial that “no one ever
selected John E. Long out of a photo array.” Long offered the lead detective’s
“Request for Bank Records [of] John E. Long III [in the] Murder of Amerrintha
Spikes,” which included the lead detective’s statement that Gilmore and Crawford
had, on the night of the murder, provided a physical description of the suspect that
did not match him. He also offered the “Investigative Log,” which showed that, four
months after Spikes had been killed, the state had been poised to charge John E.
Long with her murder. Long further asserted that exculpatory evidence was
contained in a Crimestoppers report and subsequent witness statements by a
security guard and her boyfriend concerning a bloodied man denied entry to a
nearby apartment building shortly after Spikes’s murder. Long also asserted that
Petrina Crawford’s statements to police demonstrated how those statements had
“evolved over time * * * to fit what the State needed her to say * * * to secure a
conviction.” And Long offered statements made to police by eyewitnesses Shalese
Gilmore, Ruby Gentry, and Melissa Howell, who had been unable to identify him as
the fleeing suspect and had not been called to testify at trial.
Unavoidable Prevention
{¶12} A new trial may be granted under Crim.R. 33(A)(6) on the ground that
“new evidence material to the defense is discovered, which the defendant could not
with reasonable diligence have discovered and produced at trial.” A Crim.R. 33(A)(6)
motion for a new trial on the ground of newly discovered evidence must be filed
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
either within 120 days of the return of the verdict or within seven days after leave to
file a new-trial motion has been granted. Crim.R. 33(B).
{¶13} Crim.R. 33(B) provides that leave to file a Crim.R. 33(A)(6) motion for a
new trial based on newly discovered evidence may be granted only upon “clear and
convincing proof” that the movant had, within 120 days of the return of the verdict,
been “unavoidably prevented” from discovering, and from presenting in a new-trial
motion, the evidence upon which his proposed new-trial motion depended. See
State v. Schiebel, 55 Ohio St.3d 71, 74, 564 N.E.2d 54 (1990); State v. Carusone, 1st
Dist. Hamilton No. C-130003, 2013-Ohio-5034, ¶ 32. A claim of unavoidable
prevention in filing a Crim.R. 33(A)(6) motion out of time requires proof that, within
120 days of the return of the verdict, the movant did not know that the proposed
ground for a new trial existed, and that the movant could not, in the exercise of
reasonable diligence, have learned of its existence. State v. Mathis, 134 Ohio App.3d
77, 79, 730 N.E.2d 410 (1st Dist.1999), rev’d in part on other grounds, State v.
Condon, 157 Ohio App.3d 26, 2004-Ohio-2031, 808 N.E.2d 912, ¶ 20 (1st Dist.).
And any delay in moving for leave after the new-trial ground is discovered must be
adequately explained and demonstrated to have been reasonable under the
circumstances. State v. Thomas, 2017-Ohio-4403, 93 N.E.3d 227, ¶ 9 (1st Dist.). A
court’s decision on a Crim.R. 33(B) motion for leave may not be overturned on
appeal if it was supported by some competent and credible evidence. Schiebel at 74;
Mathis at 79.
{¶14} Long asserted in his motion for leave that he had been unavoidably
prevented from discovering the evidence upon which his proposed new-trial motion
depended. He pointed out that the R.C. 149.43(A)(2)(c) exception to public-records
access had precluded him from gaining access to the records containing that
evidence until December 2016, when the Ohio Supreme Court held that that
exception does not extend past the completion of the criminal procedure for which
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
the requested information had been gathered. See State ex rel. Caster v. Columbus,
151 Ohio St.3d 425, 2016-Ohio-8394, 89 N.E.3d 598, ¶ 47, overruling in part State ex
rel. Steckman v. Jackson, 70 Ohio St.3d 420, 639 N.E.2d 83 (1994), and State ex rel.
WLWT–TV5 v. Leis, 77 Ohio St.3d 357, 673 N.E.2d 1365 (1997). The record on
appeal shows that, despite his diligent efforts thereafter to gain access to those
records, Long did not receive his case file until May 2019. See Long, 1st Dist.
Hamilton No. C-170529, 2018-Ohio-4194. In August 2019, he moved under Crim.R.
33(B) for leave to move for a new trial based on evidence contained in that file.
{¶15} Thus, the common pleas court’s decision denying Long’s motion for
leave was not supported by the record. To the contrary, the record provides clear
and convincing proof that Long had been unavoidably prevented from timely
discovering and presenting in a new-trial motion the evidence upon which his new-
trial motion depended, and that under the circumstances, a 90-day delay in filing the
motion after that evidence was discovered was understandable and not
unreasonable.
Judgment Reversed and Cause Remanded
{¶16} Because Long was unavoidably prevented from timely moving for a
new trial on the proposed grounds and did not unreasonably delay in moving under
Crim.R. 33(B) for leave to file a new-trial motion, we hold that the common pleas
court erred in denying leave. Accordingly, we sustain the assignment of error,
reverse the judgment denying leave, and remand with instructions to enter judgment
granting leave and for further proceedings consistent with the law and this opinion.
Judgment reversed and cause remanded.
WINKLER and BOCK, JJ., concur.
Please note:
The court has recorded its entry on the date of the release of this opinion.
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