State v. Debruce , 2016 Ohio 8280 ( 2016 )

[Cite as State v. Debruce, 2016-Ohio-8280.]
STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
)ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
COUNTY OF SUMMIT )
STATE OF OHIO C.A. No. 28233
Appellee
v. APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT
ENTERED IN THE
YOLANDA T. DEBRUCE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
COUNTY OF SUMMIT, OHIO
Appellant CASE No. CR 2015 12 3864
DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY
Dated: December 21, 2016
WHITMORE, Judge.
{¶1} Defendant-Appellant, Yolanda Debruce, appeals from her convictions in the
Summit County Court of Common Pleas. This Court affirms.
I
{¶2} On December 12, 2015, Debruce left a supermarket carrying an item for which
she had not paid. An employee of the store quickly notified an off-duty police detective who
happened to be shopping at the store. The detective ran outside and observed Debruce get inside
her car, which was backed into a parking space. The detective then placed herself in front of the
car and issued commands for Debruce to stop and exit the car. Rather than do so, Debruce
accelerated and hit the detective, who clung to the car as Debruce attempted to flee. Debruce
ultimately dragged the detective some distance before the detective discharged her firearm and
managed to escape with minimal injuries. Debruce then led the police on a chase for several
minutes before stopping her car and surrendering.
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{¶3} A grand jury indicted Debruce on two counts of aggravated robbery, two counts
of failure to comply, and one count each of felonious assault, obstructing official business,
driving under suspension, resisting arrest, and possession of drug paraphernalia. Debruce
entered into a written plea agreement wherein she agreed to plead guilty to one amended count of
robbery, one count of felonious assault, and one count of failure to comply in exchange for the
dismissal of her remaining charges. After the trial court determined that her robbery and
felonious assault charges were allied offenses of similar import, the State elected to have
Debruce sentenced on the latter charge. The trial court sentenced her to eight years in prison on
her felonious assault charge and two years on her failure to comply charge. The court further
ordered the sentences to be served consecutively for a total of ten years in prison.
{¶4} Debruce now appeals from her convictions and raises two assignments of error for
our review. For ease of analysis, we reorder the assignments of error.
II
Assignment of Error Number Two
THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION BY IMPOSING AN
UNREASONABLY EXCESSIVE SENTENCE.
{¶5} In her second assignment of error, Debruce argues that the court abused its
discretion when it ordered her to serve ten years in prison. She argues that her sentence is
disproportionate to her crime, as described to the court, and constitutes cruel and unusual
punishment. We disagree.
{¶6} In reviewing a felony sentence, “[t]he appellate court’s standard for review is not
whether the sentencing court abused its discretion.” R.C. 2953.08(G)(2). “[A]n appellate court
may vacate or modify a felony sentence on appeal only if it determines by clear and convincing
evidence” that: (1) “the record does not support the trial court’s findings under relevant statutes,”
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or (2) “the sentence is otherwise contrary to law.” State v. Marcum, 146 Ohio St.3d 516, 2016-
Ohio-1002, ¶ 1. Clear and convincing evidence is that “which will produce in the mind of the
trier of facts a firm belief or conviction as to the facts sought to be established.” Cross v.
Ledford, 161 Ohio St. 469 (1954), paragraph three of the syllabus.
{¶7} At the sentencing hearing, the court asked the State for a recitation of the facts so
that it could assess the seriousness of her conduct for purposes of sentencing. The State focused
on the car chase that ensued when Debruce ignored commands to stop, left the scene, and eluded
the police for several minutes, during which she traveled at high rates of speed, disregarded stop
signs and lights, and executed improper turns. Defense counsel then spoke on Debruce’s behalf
and informed the court that she had ultimately surrendered peacefully, was truthful during the
investigation that the police conducted, and was remorseful for her actions. Defense counsel
noted that Detective McLaughlin was injured when Debruce hit her with her car at the start of
the chase, but noted that the detective’s actual injuries were minor.
{¶8} After hearing from the attorneys, the court allowed several other individuals to
make statements, including Detective McLaughlin and Chief Ronald Williams. Chief Williams
informed the court that he had reviewed all of the evidence surrounding this incident, including a
video recording that captured Debruce striking Detective McLaughlin with her car. He stated
that the video recording showed the detective stepping to the side of the car and the car actually
turning into her to hit her. He further stated that the car moved the detective 37 feet and, after 22
feet, Detective McLaughlin drew her weapon and fired into the side of the car. He noted that the
detective sustained a burn mark on her leg from the car’s tire and that she might have sustained
even greater injury had she not responded in the manner that she did.
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{¶9} Detective McLaughlin spoke to the court at length. She informed the court that
she was in uniform when she planted herself in front of Debruce’s car and commanded her to
stop and to exit the car. According to the detective, Debruce “locked eyes with [her] that entire
time that [she] was in front of [the] car” and “never lost eye contact” as she put the car into gear
and rapidly accelerated towards her. She described being thrown onto the car and discharging
her firearm in an attempt to stop Debruce before she was pulled under the car. The detective
indicated that she sustained burn marks across her shin from the car’s tire and attributed her lack
of further injury to her training.
{¶10} The trial court ultimately sentenced Debruce to eight years on her first-degree
felony felonious assault count and two years on her third-degree felony failure to comply count.
Debruce does not dispute that both prison terms fall within the statutory sentencing range for
those offenses. See R.C. 2929.14(A)(1) (setting forth a range of three to eleven years for a first-
degree felony) and R.C. 2929.14(A)(3)(b) (setting forth a range of nine to thirty-six months for
certain third-degree felonies). Nor has she argued that the court’s sentence and/or its findings
fail to comport with any particular sentencing statute. See Marcum, 146 Ohio St.3d 516, 2016-
Ohio-1002, at ¶ 1. Instead, she argues that the length of her sentence is disproportionate to her
crimes because “[t]he whole episode ended within 10 minutes[ and] resulted in only minor
injuries to a detective * * *.”
{¶11} The Ohio Supreme Court has held that a sentence “[does] not amount to cruel and
unusual punishment [when] * * * ‘the individual sentences imposed by the [trial] court are
within the range of penalties authorized by the legislature * * *.” State v. Fields, 9th Dist. Lorain
No. 13CA010453, 2014-Ohio-5386, ¶ 47, quoting State v. Hairston, 118 Ohio St.3d 289, 2008-
Ohio-2338, ¶ 23. Debruce’s individual sentences are within the authorized statutory ranges for
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her offenses. “Further, given the facts of this case, the sentences were not grossly
disproportionate or shocking to a sense of justice * * *.” Fields at ¶ 49. There was evidence that
Debruce ignored Detective McLaughlin’s commands, rapidly accelerated towards her, and
continued to drive as the detective clung to the car and ultimately discharged her firearm.
Because Debruce has not set forth any additional argument as to why her sentence is otherwise
contrary to law, see Marcum at ¶ 1, we reject her argument that the court erred in imposing her
sentence. Debruce’s second assignment of error is overruled.
Assignment of Error Number One
APPELLANT’S TRIAL COUNSEL’S FAILURE TO INTRODUCE EVIDENCE
OF THE DISCREPANCY BETWEEN TESTIMONY AND VIDEO EVIDENCE
OF THE HARM CAUSED TO DETECTIVE [MC]LAUGHLIN DURING
SENTENCING CONSTITUTED INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL.
{¶12} In her first assignment of error, Debruce argues that she received ineffective
assistance of counsel. Specifically, she argues that she received a longer sentence than was
warranted under the circumstances because her counsel failed to ensure that the trial court
received an accurate description of the facts underlying her charges at the sentencing hearing.
{¶13} To establish a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, an appellant must
demonstrate “(1) deficient performance by counsel, i.e., performance falling below an objective
standard of reasonable representation, and (2) prejudice, i.e., a reasonable probability that but for
counsel’s errors, the proceeding’s result would have been different.” State v. Mundt, 115 Ohio
St.3d 22, 2007-Ohio-4836, ¶ 62. “In the context of a guilty plea, the defendant must demonstrate
that there is a reasonable probability that, but for his [or her] counsel’s error, he [or she] would
not have pleaded guilty and would have insisted on going to trial.” State v. Evans, 9th Dist.
Medina No. 09CA0049-M, 2010-Ohio-3545, ¶ 4.
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{¶14} After the court orally announced Debruce’s sentence at the sentencing hearing,
her counsel asked for a sidebar. Her counsel expressed surprise at the court’s decision to impose
a sentence of that length, but the court noted that it had been swayed by the facts that it heard
during the hearing. The court stated that it “didn’t realize [Detective McLaughlin] * * * was that
close to getting drug under the vehicle before today * * *.” Defense counsel then stated that he
did not believe the video recording of the encounter showed that and that, while the detective
used her firearm, he thought “she was knocked down and scuffed her knee * * *.” Defense
counsel indicated that he was noting the discrepancy for the record.
{¶15} The crux of Debruce’s argument is that her counsel was ineffective for not
introducing the video recording of her encounter with Detective McLaughlin. She argues that,
because her counsel did not attempt to correct the facts as the court understood them to be, she
received a lengthier sentence than was justified under the circumstances.
{¶16} Debruce has failed to set forth an argument that, but for any error on the part of
her counsel, there is a reasonably probability that she “would not have pleaded guilty and would
have insisted on going to trial.” Evans at ¶ 4. Debruce was facing extremely serious charges
and, as a result of her plea, the State dismissed a significant amount of those charges. Moreover,
her claim that the video recording at issue here would have contradicted either Chief Williams’
or Detective McLaughlin’s version of the facts is entirely speculative. See State v. Buzek, 9th
Dist. Medina No. 14CA0011-M, 2015-Ohio-4416, ¶ 7, quoting State v. Zupancic, 9th Dist.
Wayne No. 12CA0065, 2013-Ohio-3072, ¶ 4 (“[S]peculation regarding the prejudicial effects of
counsel’s performance will not establish ineffective assistance of counsel.”). The video
recording was not made a part of the record in the court below, so this Court cannot review it.
See State v. Ishmail, 54 Ohio St.2d 402, 406 (1978) (“[A] reviewing court should be limited to
7
what transpired in the trial court as reflected by the record made of the proceedings.”). Because
Debruce cannot demonstrate prejudice as a result of her counsel’s error, if any, we reject her
ineffective assistance of counsel claim. Her first assignment of error is overruled.
III
{¶17} Debruce’s assignments of error are overruled. The judgment of the Summit
County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed.
Judgment affirmed.
There were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common
Pleas, County of Summit, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy
of this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.
Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of
judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the
period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is
instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the
mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.
Costs taxed to Appellant.
BETH WHITMORE
FOR THE COURT
8
MOORE, P. J.
SCHAFER, J.
CONCUR.
APPEARANCES:
DIANNA M. SUDIA SMITH, Attorney at Law, for Appellant.
SHERRI BEVAN WALSH, Prosecuting Attorney, and HEAVEN DIMARTINO, Assistant
Prosecuting Attorney, for Appellee.