State v. Richard , 2016 Ohio 5927 ( 2016 )

[Cite as State v. Richard, 2016-Ohio-5927.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio
EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
No. 103650
STATE OF OHIO
PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE
vs.
DONALD RICHARD, JR.
DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
JUDGMENT:
AFFIRMED
Criminal Appeal from the
Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
Case No. CR-98-358885-ZA
BEFORE: E.T. Gallagher, P.J., Boyle, J., and Laster Mays, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: September 22, 2016
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
Jeffry F. Kelleher
Jeffry F. Kelleher & Associates, Co.
323 West Lakeside Avenue, Suite 300
Cleveland, Ohio 44113
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Timothy J. McGinty
Cuyahoga County Prosecutor
BY: Gregory J. Ochocki
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney
The Justice Center, 8th Floor
1200 Ontario Street
Cleveland, Ohio 44113
EILEEN T. GALLAGHER, P.J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant, Donald Richard, Jr. (“Richard”), appeals the denial of
his Civ.R. 60(B) motion for relief from judgment and raises two assignments of error.
Richard’s appellate counsel raised the following assignment of error:
The trial court erred when it denied (almost thirteen (13) years after it was
filed) appellant’s pro se, Civ.R. 60(B)(5) motion without holding a hearing
even though it could not locate the actual motion.
With leave of court, Richard, pro se, filed a separate brief and raised the second
assignment of error:
The trial court abused its discretion to the prejudice of the appellant when
erroneously denying appellant’s postconviction motion for relief from
judgment, pursuant to the catch-all provision of the Ohio Rules of Civil
Procedure 60(B)(5) for fraud upon the court, without first conducting an
evidentiary hearing when the prosecutor tampered with evidence causing a
false witness to give perjured testimony, and did not correct the false
testimony; and bribing others to provide false testimonies against Richard.
{¶2} We find no merit to the appeal and affirm.
I. Facts and Procedural History
{¶3} In February 1998, Richard was charged with one count of attempted murder,
in violation of R.C. 2903.02 and 2923.02, with firearm and repeat violent offender
specifications. The charge resulted from a road rage incident in which Robert
Smitherman (“Smitherman”) was shot. Police investigation revealed the gunshots that
struck the victim were fired from a vehicle occupied by Richard, Cheryl Dillon
(“Dillon”), and Reginald Lopez (“Lopez”).
{¶4} The parties entered into a plea agreement in the middle of trial. Richard
pleaded guilty to attempted murder pursuant to the plea agreement, which also resolved
charges against Richard in two other criminal cases. The court sentenced Richard to a
ten-year prison term, to be served concurrently with the sentences imposed on his
convictions in the other cases.
{¶5} Richard filed a direct appeal of his attempted murder conviction, challenging
his plea and sentence. This court affirmed Richard’s conviction and sentence in State v.
Richard, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 74814, 1999 Ohio App. LEXIS 5295 (Nov. 10, 1999).
Nevertheless, while the appeal was pending, Richard filed a motion to withdraw his guilty
plea in the trial court. In the motion, which was filed in August 1998, Richard argued
the prosecutor obstructed justice and committed a fraud upon the court by procuring “the
false testimony of Ms. Cheryl Dillon.” He also asserted he was wrongfully identified as
the shooter because the police report of the incident indicated the suspect driver was
Hispanic and Richard is caucasian “with blond hair and green eyes.”
{¶6} Richard submitted affidavits in support of the motion, including an affidavit
from Cheryl Dillon (“Dillon”). In Dillon’s affidavit, she averred that she promised the
prosecutor in Richard’s case that she would identify Richard at trial as the driver of the
car in exchange for the prosecutor’s promise to influence the judge presiding over a
criminal case against her in Lorain County. According to Dillon, Lopez drove the
vehicle involved in the shooting and exchanged angry words with the driver of the other
car. Specifically, Dillon’s affidavit states:
4) * * * I heard what sounded like a gunshot and ducked down in the back
seat, as did my sister and Donnie Richard, who were also in the back seat;
5) * * * Reginald Lopez pulled away from the traffic light and the arguing
continued between Reginald Lopez and the occupants of the other car;
6) * * * [F]ollowing a high speed chase, Reginald Lopez stopped his
vehicle and I heard several more gunshots and Reginald Lopez drove away
and dropped my sister * * * and I off at home;
7) * * * I never heard anything about the above incident until I was
interviewed by police and a county prosecutor on or about June 2, 1998,
where the prosecutor stated to me: “that if I would cooperate and testify that
Donnie Richard was the driver in the above incident, she would have some
influence with my judge in Lorain County; but if I did not cooperate[,] she
would still have influence with my judge in Lorain County, where I was
facing a two years sentence in prison;
8) * * * I agreed to testify that Donnie Richard was the driver, with the
prosecutor’s promise that I would not have to go to prison in the Lorain
County matter;
9) * * * I was never brought to any courtroom to testify, but I was
sentenced to prison in Lorain County; and I thought that since I did not
testify[,] the prosecutor never kept her promise that she would influence my
judge not to sen[d] me to prison[.]
{¶7} The trial court denied Richard’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea, and
Richard again appealed. This court affirmed the trial court’s judgment on grounds that
the trial court lacked jurisdiction “regarding all but collateral issues in the cases.” See
State v. Richard, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga Nos. 76984 and 76985, 2000 Ohio App. LEXIS
1371 (Mar. 30, 2000). Accordingly, Richard filed a petition for postconviction relief,
supported by two affidavits; one from a private investigator, Thomas A. Maloney
(“Maloney”), and the second from Lopez. Maloney averred in his affidavit that he
visited Lopez in prison and that Lopez admitted that he shot Smitherman. Lopez stated
in his affidavit that a prosecutor and detectives promised him that if he testified against
Richard, he (Lopez) would not be charged. Richard further argued in the petition:
Petitioner was unavoidably prevented from presenting his evidence as (1)
he had no idea that Lopez was firing a gun on the night in question, and (2)
he had no idea that Lopez would be willing to admit to shooting
Smitherman. Petitioner’s only knowledge concerning Mr. Lopez is that
Mr. Lopez was the driver of the vehicle on the night in question.
{¶8} The trial court denied Richard’s petition, and Richard, once again, appealed.
In affirming the trial court’s judgment, this court held that Richard’s petition was
untimely and that
[a] review of the record and of the affidavits presented by the appellant all
fail to demonstrate that he was unavoidably prevented from discovering this
new information. The appellant has not demonstrated how he was
prevented from obtaining the testimony of Reggie Lopez who, according to
the affidavits in the record, was driving the vehicle in which the appellant
was riding on the night of the shooting. Lopez was available to appellant
at the time of his trial, as was his testimony, whether in favor of the
appellant or against.
State v. Richard, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 79964, 2002 Ohio App. LEXIS 1529, *8 (Apr.
4, 2002).
{¶9} Less than nine months later, in December 2002, Richard filed a motion for
relief from judgment pursuant to Civ.R. 60(B)(5), arguing that the prosecutor “bribed
Dillon to falsely portray herself as a witness, by promising Dillon that she * * * would
have influence over Dillon’s pending probation violation matter in Lorain County.”
Richard also again argued that Lopez admitted he was the shooter in the road rage
incident. Thirteen years later, in September 2015, the trial court denied the motion.
Richard now appeals from that judgment.
II. Law and Analysis
{¶10} In Richard’s two assigned errors, he argues the trial court erred in denying
his Civ.R. 60(B)(5) motion for relief from judgment without holding a hearing. He
contends his guilty plea should be vacated because it was procured by fraud.
{¶11} Civ.R. 60(B), a rule of civil procedure, may be applied to criminal cases by
virtue of Crim.R. 57(B), which allows a criminal court to look to the Ohio Rules of Civil
Procedure when no appropriate criminal rule exists. State v. Schlee, 117 Ohio St.3d 153,
2008-Ohio-545, 882 N.E.2d 431, ¶ 10. However, the criminal rules provide a procedure
for seeking relief from Richard’s attempted murder conviction; a petition for
postconviction relief under Crim.R. 35 and R.C. 2953.21. Indeed, Richard filed a
petition for postconviction relief in which he made the very same arguments presented in
his Civ.R. 60(B) motion.
{¶12} “‘A motion seeking relief from the judgment of the trial court, that is
premised on law and facts that were available to the trial court at the time it made its
decision, is the functional equivalent of a motion to reconsider a final, appealable
judgment.’” Schmidt v. Bankers Title & Escrow Agency, Inc., 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No.
88847, 2007-Ohio-3924, ¶ 12, quoting Avon Lake Sheet Metal Co. v. Huntington
Environmental Sys., 9th Dist. Lorain No. 03CA008393, 2004-Ohio-5957, ¶ 11. The
Ohio Rules of Civil Procedure do not permit motions for reconsideration after a final
judgment in the trial court. Pitts v. Ohio Dept. of Transp., 67 Ohio St.2d 378, 423
N.E.2d 1105 (1981), paragraph one of the syllabus. Therefore, the trial court properly
overruled Richard’s Civ.R. 60(B) motion.
{¶13} Moreover, res judicata bars the assertion of claims against a valid, final
judgment of conviction that have been raised or could have been raised on appeal. State
v. Perry, 10 Ohio St.2d 175, 226 N.E.2d 104 (1967), paragraph nine of the syllabus; State
v. Blalock, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 94198, 2010-Ohio-4494, ¶ 19. See also State v.
Ketterer, 126 Ohio St.3d 448, 2010-Ohio-3831, 935 N.E.2d 9, ¶ 59 (Res judicata bars the
assertion of claims in a motion to withdraw a guilty plea that were, or could have been,
raised in a prior proceeding.).
{¶14} All the arguments raised in Richard’s Civ.R. 60(B) motion were previously
raised in his petition for postconviction relief, and we affirmed the trial court’s judgment
denying it. Richard, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 79964, 2002 Ohio App. LEXIS 1529, *8
(Apr. 4, 2002). Therefore, Richard’s arguments are barred by res judicata, and there was
no need for the trial court to hold a hearing.
{¶15} Accordingly, both of Richard’s assignments of error are overruled.
{¶16} The trial court’s judgment is affirmed.
It is ordered that appellee recover from appellant costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the common
pleas court to carry this judgment into execution. The defendant’s conviction having
been affirmed, any bail pending appeal is terminated. Case remanded to the trial court
for execution of sentence.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of
the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
EILEEN T. GALLAGHER, PRESIDING JUDGE
MARY J. BOYLE, J., and
ANITA LASTER MAYS, J., CONCUR