State v. Kouts , 2017 Ohio 2905 ( 2017 )

[Cite as State v. Kouts, 2017-Ohio-2905.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
SANDUSKY COUNTY
State of Ohio Court of Appeals No. S-16-012
Appellee Trial Court No. 15 CR 902
v.
Andrew J. Kouts DECISION AND JUDGMENT
Appellant Decided: May 19, 2017
*****
Loretta Riddle, for appellant.
*****
MAYLE, J.
{¶ 1} Defendant-appellant, Andrew Kouts, appeals the April 4, 2016 judgment of
the Sandusky County Court of Common Pleas sentencing him to an aggregate sentence of
198 months in prison. For the reasons that follow, we reverse and remand to the trial
court.
I. Background
{¶ 2} On October 8, 2015, Kouts was indicted on two counts of rape in violation
of R.C. 2907.02(A)(1)(b) and five counts of pandering sexually oriented matter involving
a minor in violation of R.C. 2907.322(A)(1). On February 25, 2016, Kouts pleaded
guilty to the lesser offenses of two counts of gross sexual imposition in violation of R.C.
2907.05(B) and five counts of pandering sexually oriented matter involving a minor in
violation of R.C. 2907.322(A)(5). On April 4, 2016, the trial court sentenced him to 54
months in prison on each of the gross sexual imposition convictions and 18 months on
each of the pandering convictions, which the court ordered to run consecutively, giving
him an aggregate sentence of 198 months—or 16 years and six months—in prison.
{¶ 3} Kouts appeals the trial court’s judgment, asserting two assignments of error:
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. I
APPELLANT’S GUILTY PLEA WAS NOT VOLUNTARY AND
KNOWINGLY [sic] WHEN THE TRIAL COURT FAILED TO
SUBSTANTIALLY COMPLY WITH CRIM.R. 11 BY FAILING TO
INFORM APPELLANT OF ALL OF THE PUNITIVE CONSEQUENCES
OF HIS PLEA.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. II
APPELLANT RECEIVED CONSTITUTIONALLY
INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL WHEN HIS TRIAL
2.
COUNSEL DID NOT REQUEST A PSYCHOLOGICAL
EXAMINATION.
II. Law and Analysis
A. Knowing and Voluntary Plea
{¶ 4} In his first assignment of error, Kouts contends that his plea was not made
knowingly and voluntarily because the trial court failed to inform him of all the
restrictions and requirements inherent in sex offender registration under R.C. Chapter
2950. We agree.
{¶ 5} Before accepting a defendant’s guilty plea, the trial court must address the
defendant personally to inform him that pleading guilty waives his constitutional rights
and to determine that he understands the nature of the charges against him, the maximum
penalty he is facing, and the effects of his plea. State v. Montgomery, 148 Ohio St.3d
347, 2016-Ohio-5487, 71 N.E.3d 180, ¶ 41; Crim.R. 11(C)(2). The underlying purpose
of Crim.R. 11(C) is to ensure that the information a defendant needs to make a voluntary
and intelligent decision about pleading guilty is conveyed to him. State v. Ballard, 66
Ohio St.2d 473, 479-480, 423 N.E.2d 115 (1981).
{¶ 6} The trial court must strictly comply with Crim.R. 11(C) when explaining the
defendant’s constitutional rights, or the plea is invalid under the presumption that it was
not knowingly and voluntarily entered. State v. Clark, 119 Ohio St.3d 239, 2008-Ohio-
3748, 893 N.E.2d 462, ¶ 31; State v. Rinehart, 6th Dist. Wood No. WD-11-030, 2013-
Ohio-3372, ¶ 17. The court need not use the exact language in the rule, but must explain
3.
the rights in a manner that is reasonably intelligible to the defendant. Rinehart at ¶ 17,
citing Ballard at paragraph two of the syllabus.
{¶ 7} On the other hand, substantial compliance is adequate for nonconstitutional
rights, such as those affected by sex offender classification. Clark at ¶ 31; Rinehart at
¶ 18; and State v. Ragusa, 6th Dist. Lucas No. L-15-1244, 2016-Ohio-3373, ¶ 4, 5.
“Substantial compliance means that under the totality of the circumstances the defendant
subjectively understands the implications of his plea and the rights he is waiving.” State
v. Nero, 56 Ohio St.3d 106, 108, 564 N.E.2d 474 (1990).
{¶ 8} In cases of substantial compliance, the appellate court must determine if the
trial court partially complied or failed to comply with Crim.R. 11. Clark at ¶ 32. If it
partially complied, the appellant’s plea may be vacated only if he shows a prejudicial
effect—i.e. that he otherwise would not have entered the plea. Id.; Ragusa at ¶ 5. If the
trial court completely failed to comply with the rule, the plea must be vacated and the
appellant need not demonstrate prejudice. Clark at ¶ 32.
{¶ 9} When a guilty plea results in a defendant being classified as a child victim
offender or sex offender under R.C. Chapter 2950, substantial compliance requires the
trial court to inform the defendant of the registration requirements in R.C. 2950.03, the
community notification requirements in R.C. 2950.11, and the residential restrictions in
R.C. 2950.034. Ragusa at ¶ 10. If the trial court fails to inform the defendant of all three
penalties the plea is invalid. Id.
4.
{¶ 10} In Ragusa, the trial court informed the appellant that she would be
“required to register as a sex offender, Tier III sex offender, which is going to require you
to register for the rest of your life in person every 90 days” and “to register as a Tier II
* * * child victim offender for a period of 25 years in person every 180 days.” Id. at ¶ 7.
We held that “[e]ach of the penalty notifications of R.C. Chapter 2950 must be viewed
independently. The court in this case informed appellant of one of the penalties, but not
all three. Therefore, we must find that there was a complete failure to comply with the
notification duties and the plea is invalid.” Id. at ¶ 10.
{¶ 11} More recently, in State v. Mahler, 6th Dist. Ottawa No. OT-16-009, 2017-
Ohio-1222, we followed Ragusa and found that the trial court completely failed to
comply with Crim.R. 11(C) because it did not tell defendant that he would be a “Tier II
sex offender,” and did not inform the defendant of the community notification and
residential restrictions. Id. at ¶ 13. We found the plea invalid because
the court did not inform appellant that he would be classified as a Tier II
sex offender following his guilty plea. Moreover, the court did not explain
the requirements pertaining to Tier II sex offender status, namely the fact
that appellant would be required to register every 180 days for a period of
25 years. Further, the court failed to recite the community notification
requirements and residential restrictions that would apply to appellant as a
Tier II sex offender. Id. at ¶ 11.
5.
{¶ 12} In this case, the trial court and Kouts engaged in the following colloquy at
the plea hearing regarding his sex offender classification and registration duties:
THE COURT: You will be classified and will be required to
register, pursuant to Chapter 2950, as a sexual offender. * * * Do you
understand that, sir?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes, Your Honor.
THE COURT: You will be a Tier III Offender. Tier III registration
is for your lifetime with in person verification every 90 days. Your
registration is not subject to community notification pursuant to O.R.C.
2950.11(f)(2). Okay, that’s going to be a lifetime requirement. Do you
understand?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes, Your Honor.
{¶ 13} Although the trial court informed Kouts of his registration requirements as
a Tier III sex offender and the community notification requirements, it did not inform
him of the residential restrictions outlined in R.C. 2950.034. Thus, consistent with our
holdings in Ragusa and Mahler, we find that the trial court completely failed to comply
with Crim.R. 11(C). We therefore find Kouts’s first assignment of error well-taken,
vacate Kouts’s plea, and remand this case to the trial court for further proceedings.
B. Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
{¶ 14} Because we find Kouts’s plea invalid, his second assignment of error
alleging ineffective assistance of counsel is moot.
6.
III. Conclusion
{¶ 15} The April 4, 2016 judgment of the Sandusky County Court of Common
Pleas is reversed. The state is ordered to pay the costs of this appeal pursuant to App.R.
24.
Judgment reversed.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to App.R. 27.
See also 6th Dist.Loc.App.R. 4.
Mark L. Pietrykowski, J. _______________________________
JUDGE
James D. Jensen, P.J.
_______________________________
Christine E. Mayle, J. JUDGE
CONCUR.
_______________________________
JUDGE
7.