State v. Bloodworth , 2019 Ohio 1222 ( 2019 )

[Cite as State v. Bloodworth, 2019-Ohio-1222.]
STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
)ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
COUNTY OF SUMMIT )
STATE OF OHIO C.A. No. 29025
Appellee
v. APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT
ENTERED IN THE
GREGORY A. BLOODWORTH COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
COUNTY OF SUMMIT, OHIO
Appellant CASE No. CR-2017-10-3655
DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY
Dated: April 3, 2019
CALLAHAN, Presiding Judge.
{¶1} Appellant, Gregory A. Bloodworth, appeals his conviction by the Summit County
Court of Common Pleas and an order that denied his motion to withdraw a guilty plea. This
Court affirms.
I.
{¶2} Mr. Bloodworth pleaded guilty to one charge of burglary in violation of R.C.
2911.12(A)(2). After reviewing a presentence investigation, the trial court sentenced him to
seven years in prison and ordered that sentence to run consecutively to a sentence imposed in
another case. Mr. Bloodworth expressed dissatisfaction with his sentence during a subsequent
hearing held for the purpose of informing him of his appeal rights. He filed a pro se motion to
withdraw his guilty plea one week later, arguing, in part, that he pleaded guilty in reliance on a
guarantee that he would be sentenced to five or fewer years in prison. The trial court denied his
2
motion without a hearing. Mr. Bloodworth timely appealed both his conviction and the denial of
his motion to withdraw the guilty plea.
II.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 1
APPELLANT BLOODWORTH WAS DENIED HIS CONSTITUTIONAL
RIGHT TO THE EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL.
{¶3} In his first assignment of error, Mr. Bloodworth argues that his trial counsel
provided ineffective assistance in connection with the guilty plea. Specifically, Mr. Bloodworth
argues that had trial counsel not incorrectly guaranteed that he would be sentenced to five or
fewer years in prison, he would not have pleaded guilty.
{¶4} A defendant who pleads guilty waives the right to raise issues related to
ineffective assistance of counsel on appeal unless they resulted in an involuntary plea. State v.
Carroll, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 06CA009037, 2007-Ohio-3298, ¶ 5, citing State v. Barnett, 73
Ohio App. 3d 244, 248 (2d. Dist.1991) and State v. Dallas, 9th Dist. Wayne No. 06CA0033,
2007-Ohio-1214, ¶ 4. In order to demonstrate ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must
show (1) deficiency in the performance of counsel “so serious that counsel was not functioning
as the ‘counsel’ guaranteed the defendant by the Sixth Amendment,” and (2) that the errors made
by counsel were “so serious as to deprive the defendant of a fair trial[.]” Strickland v.
Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984). See also Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52, 58 (1985)
(holding that the Strickland test applies when a defendant challenges the effectiveness of counsel
in connection with a guilty plea). A defendant who has pleaded guilty must demonstrate
prejudice by showing “‘that there is a reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s errors, he
would not have pleaded guilty and would have insisted on going to trial.’” State v. Ketterer, 111
Ohio St. 3d 70, 2006-Ohio-5283, ¶ 89, quoting Lockhart at 59.
3
{¶5} Mr. Bloodworth’s argument that trial counsel’s performance was deficient relies
on statements that he alleges trial counsel made during the course of plea negotiations. Mr.
Bloodworth’s written plea agreement, however, set forth the maximum possible penalty for a
violation of R.C. 2911.12, explained that his sentence might run consecutively with other
sentences imposed, and affirmed that no promises had been made in connection with the plea.
The agreement also provided that a presentence investigation would be obtained, and it stated
simply “free to argue.” During the plea colloquy, the trial court reiterated each of these points,
the State represented that it was free to argue about the appropriate sentence, and Mr.
Bloodworth affirmed on the record that no promises had been made to him. No other statements
related to plea negotiations appear in the record.
{¶6} In a direct appeal, it is “impossible to determine whether [an] attorney was
ineffective in his representation * * * where the allegations of ineffectiveness are based on facts
not appearing in the record.” State v. Cooperrider, 4 Ohio St. 3d 226, 228 (1983). Consequently,
a claim of ineffective assistance that necessarily relies on proof outside the record is not
appropriately raised in a direct appeal. State v. Madrigal, 87 Ohio St. 3d 378, 390-391 (2000).
Mr. Bloodworth has argued that his attorney made statements to him during the course of plea
negotiations that induced him to plead guilty based on the expectation of a shorter prison term.
Because Mr. Bloodworth’s argument is based on allegations that there was an agreement beyond
what the record reflects, it cannot be reviewed on direct appeal. See State v. Walter, 9th Dist.
Wayne Nos. 16AP0009, 16AP0010, 2017-Ohio-236, ¶ 19, citing State v. Zupancic, 9th Dist.
Wayne No. 12CA0065, 2013–Ohio–3072, ¶ 4–5.
{¶7} Mr. Bloodworth’s first assignment of error is overruled.
4
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 2
THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN DENYING
APPELLANT BLOODWORTH’S CRIMINAL RULE 32.1 MOTION.
{¶8} Mr. Bloodworth’s second assignment of error argues that the trial court erred by
denying his motion to withdraw his guilty plea without conducting a hearing.
{¶9} “A motion to withdraw a plea of guilty or no contest may be made only before
sentence is imposed; but to correct manifest injustice the court after sentence may set aside the
judgment of conviction and permit the defendant to withdraw his or her plea.” Crim.R. 32.1. A
motion to withdraw a guilty plea is entrusted to the discretion of the trial court, and this Court
reviews the trial court’s determination for an abuse of discretion. See State v. Cargill, 9th Dist.
Summit Nos. 27011, 27590, 2015-Ohio-661, ¶ 8, citing State v. Smith, 49 Ohio St. 2d 261 (1977),
paragraph two of the syllabus.
{¶10} Although a trial court must conduct a hearing when a defendant moves to
withdraw a guilty plea before sentencing, a hearing is not always required when the motion is
filed after sentencing. State v. West, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 17CA011110, 2018-Ohio-1176, ¶ 6,
citing Cargill at ¶ 11. Mr. Bloodworth has not developed any argument explaining why the trial
court abused its discretion by denying his post-sentencing motion without a hearing. West at ¶
11, citing App.R. 16(A)(7) and Cardone v. Cardone, 9th Dist. Summit No. 18349, 1998 WL
224934, *8-9 (May 6, 1998). Accordingly, his second assignment of error is overruled.
III.
{¶11} Mr. Bloodworth’s assignments of error are overruled. The judgment of the
Summit County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed.
Judgment affirmed.
5
There were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common
Pleas, County of Summit, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy
of this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.
Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of
judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the
period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is
instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the
mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.
Costs taxed to Appellant.
LYNNE S. CALLAHAN
FOR THE COURT
CARR, J.
HENSAL, J.
CONCUR.
APPEARANCES:
JEFFREY N. JAMES, Attorney at Law, for Appellant.
SHERRI BEVAN WALSH, Prosecuting Attorney, and JACQUENETTE S. CORGAN, Assistant
Prosecuting Attorney, for Appellee.