Harris v. Johnson , 2011 Ohio 3102 ( 2011 )

[Cite as Harris v. Johnson, 2011-Ohio-3102.]
COURT OF APPEALS
PERRY COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
JAMES HARRIS JUDGES:
Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P. J.
Plaintiff-Appellee Hon. John W. Wise, J.
Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, J.
-vs-
Case No. 10 CA 22
THOMAS H. JOHNSON, JR.
Defendant-Appellant OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Civil Appeal from the Court of Common
Pleas, Case No. 06 CV 00375
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: June 23, 2011
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
JAMES HARRIS LUIS M. ALCALDE
PRO SE KEGLER BROWN HILL & RITTER
67 South Parkview Avenue Suite 1800, 65 East State Street
Columbus, Ohio 43209 Columbus, Ohio 43215
Perry County, Case No. 10 CA 22 2
Wise, J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Thomas H. Johnson, Jr. appeals from the December
3, 2010, Judgment Entry entered in the Perry County Court of Common Pleas, denying
his Motion for Relief from Judgment pursuant to Civil Rule 60(B).
{¶2} Appellee is the State of Ohio.
STATEMENT OF THE FACTS AND CASE
{¶3} On October 3, 2006 Plaintiff-Appellee, James Harris, (hereinafter "Harris")
filed a Complaint in the Perry County Court of Common Pleas to "Quiet Title" to various
properties. The Complaint, which named over fifty (50) defendants, provided addresses
for service of process for only six (6) of the defendants.
{¶4} Defendant-Appellant Thomas Johnson was one of those defendants for
which no address was provided.
{¶5} On October 6, 2006, Appellee Harris moved the trial court for permission
to serve by publication those named defendants for which he had provided no
addresses.
{¶6} In an affidavit attached to the Motion for Service by Publication, Appellee
Harris generally attested that the residence of certain of the named defendants "cannot
with reasonable diligence be ascertained" and that "he has made a diligent search in
public records, by talking with possible relatives, and checking electronic databases to
determine the name and addresses of the persons named as defendants ... and that he
has provided all of the addresses he was able to find."
{¶7} Defendant-Appellant Johnson did not file an answer in this matter and
default judgment was granted. Quiet title was granted in Appellee’s name.
Perry County, Case No. 10 CA 22 3
{¶8} On July 8, 2010, Appellant filed a Motion for Relief from Judgment
pursuant to Civil Rule 60(B).
{¶9} On July 19, 2010, Appellee filed a Motion in Opposition to Appellant’s
Motion for Relief from Judgment and Affidavit in Support and on August 2, 2010,
Appellant filed a Reply to Appellee’s Motion in Opposition.
{¶10} On August 6, 2010, the trial court conducted an oral hearing on
Appellant’s motion.
{¶11} By Judgment Entry filed December 3, 2010, the trial court denied
Appellant’s Motion for Relief from Judgment, finding that there was sufficiency of
process in this matter. The trial court further found that Appellant’s motion for relief was
not timely filed after his discovery of the judgment against him.
{¶12} It is from this decision that Appellant now appeals, raising the following
assignments of error for review:
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR
{¶13} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN NOT VACATING THE JUDGMENT OF
JANUARY 11, 2007 AND GRANTING DEFENDANT-APPELLANT JOHNSON RELIEF
THEREFROM ON THE BASIS OF LACK OF JURISDICTION.
{¶14} “II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN NOT GRANTING DEFENDANT-
APPELLANT JOHNSON RELIEF FROM THE JUDGMENT OF JANUARY 11, 2007
PURSUANT TO CIV.R. 60(B)(5).”
I., II.
{¶15} Appellant’s Assignments of Error involve the trial court's denial of
Appellant’s motion for relief from judgment under Civ.R. 60(B). Specifically, Appellant is
Perry County, Case No. 10 CA 22 4
arguing that the trial court lacked jurisdiction to grant service by publication and
subsequently lacked jurisdiction to grant default judgment based on defective due
process of service. Appellant argues that because personal service was insufficient,
the default judgment is voidable under Civ.R. 60(B)(5). We disagree.
{¶16} A motion for relief from judgment under Civ.R. 60(B) lies within the trial
court's sound discretion. Griffey v. Rajan (1987), 33 Ohio St.3d 75, 514 N.E.2d 1122. In
order to find abuse of discretion, we must determine the trial court's decision was
unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable. Blakemore v. Blakemore (1983), 5 Ohio
St.3d 217, 219, 450 N.E.2d 1140{¶17} Civ.R. 60(B) states in pertinent part:
{¶18} “On motion and upon such terms as are just, the court may relieve a party
* * * from a final judgment, order or proceedings for the following reasons: (1) mistake,
inadvertence, surprise or excusable neglect; (2) newly discovered evidence which by
due diligence could not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial under Rule
59(B); (3) fraud (whether heretofore denominated intrinsic or extrinsic),
misrepresentation or other misconduct of an adverse party; (4) the judgment has been
satisfied, released or discharged, or a prior judgment upon which it is based has been
reversed or otherwise vacated, or it is no longer equitable that the judgment should
have prospective application; or (5) any other reason justifying relief from the judgment.
The motion shall be made within a reasonable time, and for reasons (1), (2), and (3) not
more than one year after the judgment, order, or proceeding was entered. * * *.”
{¶19} A party seeking relief from judgment pursuant to Civ.R. 60(B) must show:
“(1) a meritorious defense or claim to present if relief is granted; (2) entitlement to relief
Perry County, Case No. 10 CA 22 5
under one of the grounds set forth in Civ.R. 60(B)(1)-(5); and (3) the motion must be
timely filed.” GTE Automatic Electric, Inc. v. ARC Industries, Inc. (1976), 47 Ohio St.2d
146, 351 N.E.2d 113, paragraph two of the syllabus. A failure to establish any one of
these three requirements will cause the motion to be overruled. Rose Chevrolet, Inc. v.
Adams (1988), 36 Ohio St.3d 17, 20, 520 N.E.2d 564; Argo Plastic Prod. Co. v.
Cleveland (1984), 15 Ohio St.3d 389, 391, 474 N.E.2d 328.
{¶20} Further, Civ.R. 60(B) “is not available as a substitute for a timely appeal
* * * nor can the rule be used to circumvent or extend the time requirements for an
appeal.” Blasco v. Mislik (1982), 69 Ohio St.2d 684, 686.
{¶21} Civil Rule 60(B) represents an attempt to strike a proper balance between
the conflicting principles that litigation must be brought to an end and justice should be
done. Colley v. Bazell (1980), 64 Ohio St.2d 243, 248, 416 N.E.2d 605 (citation
omitted).
{¶22} Here, Appellant asserts that he is entitled to relief from judgment under
Civ.R. 60(B)(5). “[W]e note Civ.R. 60(B)(5) is a catch-all provision that reflects the
inherent power of a court to relieve a person from the unjust operation of a judgment.
Caruso-Ciresi, Inc. v. Lohman (1983), 5 Ohio St.3d 64, 448 N.E.2d 1365, paragraph
one of the syllabus. The grounds for relief must be substantial. Id. It is to be used only in
extraordinary and unusual cases when the interests of justice warrant it. Adomeit v.
Baltimore (1974), 39 Ohio App.2d 97, 316 N.E.2d 469.” Harrison v. Doerner, Cuyahoga
App. No. 94270, 2010-Ohio-4682, ¶ 18.
{¶23} Pursuant to Civ.R. 60(B), Appellant must demonstrate a reason to set
aside an entry of the trial court.
Perry County, Case No. 10 CA 22 6
{¶24} Appellant claims that service of process by publication was defective in
this case because the affidavit filed by Appellee failed to set forth “all of the efforts made
on behalf of the party to ascertain the residence of the defendant.” Appellant further
argues that his address was readily ascertainable in telephone directories, public
records and the county tax records.
{¶25} When a party challenges the existence or sufficiency of service of
process, the court is “ ‘guided by the premise that service is proper where the civil rules
on service are followed, unless sufficient evidence exists to rebut this principle.’ ”
Bowling v. Grange Mut. Cas. Co., 10th Dist. No. 05AP-51, 2005-Ohio-5924, quoting
Neiswinter v. Nationwide Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 9th Dist. No. 21691, 2004-Ohio3943. “In
determining whether a defendant has sufficiently rebutted the presumption of valid
service, a trial court may assess the credibility and competency of the submitted
evidence demonstrating non-service.” Bowling at ¶ 33.
{¶26} The trial court below found that Appellee’s Motion and Affidavit for
Publication was sufficient to allow publication in the lower court case. Further, Appellee
provided the trial court a more detailed Affidavit setting forth the efforts he made to
discover the address of Appellant in 2006. Additionally, the trial court found that the tax
bills submitted by Appellant in support of his argument that his address was readily
ascertainable were prepared in February, 2008, well after the default judgment was
granted in this matter.
{¶27} As Appellant has not filed a transcript of the hearing on his Civ.R. 60(B)
motion, we must presume the validity of the trial court’s findings. "When portions of the
transcript necessary for resolution of assigned errors are omitted from the record, the
Perry County, Case No. 10 CA 22 7
reviewing court has nothing to pass upon and thus, as to the assigned errors, the court
has no choice but to presume the validity of the lower court's proceedings, and affirm."
Knapp v. Edwards Laboratories (1980), 61 Ohio St.2d 197, 199, 400 N.E.2d 384, 385.
{¶28} Moreover, we find that Appellant's motion was not timely. In the case sub
judice, Appellant moved for relief under subsection (B)(5) which is “any other reason
justifying relief from the judgment.” Although a Civ.R. 60(B)(5) motion is not subject to
the rule that it be brought within one year after entry of final judgment, and while there is
no fixed time period within which a motion for relief under Civ.R. 60(B)(5) must be
made, the motion still must be made within a “reasonable time.” In re Marriage of
Watson (1983), 13 Ohio App.3d 344, 346, 469 N.E.2d 876. The determination of what
constitutes a reasonable time is within the sound discretion of the trial court. Id. Even
though courts have granted relief from judgment after lengthy delays, it is usually only
under unique circumstances. See, e.g., Taylor v. Haven (1993), 91 Ohio App.3d 846,
849, 633 N.E.2d 1197.
{¶29} The judgment entry and the record herein, without a transcript, reflect that
Appellant became aware of the default judgment and the transfer of the real property
sometime between 2007-2008. During that time Appellant attempted to pay the taxes
on the property and correct his mailing address on those records. However, Appellant
did not file his motion for relief from judgment until July 8, 2010, approximately 3 ½
years after the default judgment was granted.
{¶30} Appellant offers no explanation for the significant period of delay between
the time he discovered the default judgment and the time he filed his motion for relief
from judgment.
Perry County, Case No. 10 CA 22 8
{¶31} In Mt. Olive Baptist Church v. Pipkins Paints & Home Imp. Ctr., Inc.
(1979), 64 Ohio App.2d 285, 289, 413 N.E.2d 850, this Court held that “[a] motion to
vacate a default judgment which is filed nearly seven months after actual notice of the
action and more than four months after default judgment was entered is not, on its face,
a reasonable time within which to file the motion pursuant to Civ. R. 60(B)(5).” This
Court found the delay unreasonable given the lack of any explanation in the record. Id.Similarly, we are faced with a significant period of delay from actual or constructive
notice, with no real explanation before us in the record.
{¶32} Based on the foregoing, we find that the trial court did not abuse its
discretion in denying Appellant’s motion for relief from judgment.
{¶33} Appellant’s assignments of error are overruled.
{¶34} For the foregoing reasons, the Judgment of the Court of Common Pleas,
Perry County, Ohio, is affirmed.
By: Wise, P. J.
Gwin, J., and
Delaney, J., concur.
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JUDGES
JWW/d 0613
Perry County, Case No. 10 CA 22 9
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR PERRY COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
JAMES HARRIS :
:
Plaintiff-Appellee :
:
-vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY
:
THOMAS H. JOHNSON, JR. :
:
Defendant-Appellant : Case No. 10 CA 22
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Memorandum-Opinion, the
judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Perry County, Ohio, is affirmed.
Costs assessed to Appellant.
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JUDGES