State v. Ranalli ( 2010 )

[Cite as State v. Ranalli, 2010-Ohio-5941.]
STATE OF OHIO, MAHONING COUNTY
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
SEVENTH DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO ) CASE NO. 09 MA 15
)
PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE )
)
VS. ) OPINION
)
CHRISTIAN RANALLI )
)
DEFENDANT-APPELLANT )
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDINGS: Criminal Appeal from the Court of
Common Pleas of Mahoning County,
Ohio
Case Nos. 05 CR 600; 06 CR 941
JUDGMENT: Reversed and Remanded.
Vacated.
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee: Atty. Paul J. Gains
Mahoning County Prosecutor
Atty. Ralph M. Rivera
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney
21 West Boardman Street, 6th Floor
Youngstown, Ohio 44503
For Defendant-Appellant: Atty. Timothy Young
Ohio Public Defender
Atty. Melissa M. Prendergast
Assistant State Public Defender
250 East Broad Street, Suite 1400
Columbus, Ohio 43215
JUDGES:
Hon. Cheryl L. Waite
Hon. Gene Donofrio
Hon. Mary DeGenaro
Dated: November 24, 2010
[Cite as State v. Ranalli, 2010-Ohio-5941.]
WAITE, J.
{¶1} In this delayed appeal, Appellant, Christian Ranalli, challenges the
judgment entry of the Mahoning County Court of Common Pleas convicting him on
one count of trafficking in cocaine, in violation of R.C. 2925.03(A)(2)(C)(4)(d), a
felony of the second degree, one count of trafficking in cocaine, in violation of R.C.
2925.03(A)(2)(C)(4)(d), a felony of the third degree, one count of trafficking in
cocaine, in violation of R.C. 2925.03(A)(2)(C)(4)(c), a felony of the fourth degree, two
counts of trafficking in cocaine, in violation of R.C. 2925.03(A)(2)(C)(4)(a), and one
count of possession of cocaine, in violation of R.C 2925.11(A)(C)(4)(a), felonies of
the fifth degree in Case Nos. 05 CR 600 and 06 CR 941. In the judgment entry, the
trial court imposed an aggregate sentence of eleven years, a fine of $1,000.00, and
court costs.
{¶2} In his first assignment of error, Appellant argues that the trial court
violated his due process rights when it failed to inform him of several important rights
during his plea colloquy. Appellant contends he was not informed that, by pleading
guilty, he waived his right to compulsory process at trial; that he may not be
compelled to testify at trial; and that the state carried the burden of proof. The state
has confessed judgment on a portion of Appellant’s first assignment of error, as it
pertains to the trial court’s failure to inform Appellant of the state’s burden of proof.
The transcript of the plea hearing reveals that while the trial court told Appellant that
the state had to prove each element of every charge at trial, the court did not inform
Appellant that the state was required to prove its case beyond a reasonable doubt.
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{¶3} In his second assignment of error, Appellant argues that the trial court
committed plain error in assessing a $1,000 fine and court costs without first making
a determination as to his present and future ability to pay. In his third assignment of
error, Appellant asserts that the trial court committed plain error when it failed to
notify him that his failure to pay court costs could result in a court order requiring him
to perform community service. In his fourth assignment of error, Appellant argues
that his trial counsel was ineffective because he failed to object to the trial court’s
noncompliance with Crim.R. 11(C), and the imposition of the fine and court costs.
{¶4} Because the record reflects that Appellant’s due process rights were
violated as a result of the trial court’s plea colloquy, we sustain his first assignment of
error and vacate his guilty plea, conviction, and sentence in this case. Our decision
with respect to the first assignment of error renders Appellant’s remaining
assignments moot.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 1
{¶5} “The trial court denied [Appellant] his right to due process under the
Fourteenth Amendment to the United State Constitution, and Section 10, Article I of
the Ohio Constitution, when it accepted an unknowing, unintelligent, and involuntary
guilty plea. Crim.R. 11, Change of Plea Hearing, T.p. 5.”
{¶6} A guilty plea to a criminal charge must be made “knowingly,
intelligently, and voluntarily.” State v. Engle (1996), 74 Ohio St.3d 525, 527, 660
N.E.2d 450. Failure on any of these points, “renders enforcement of the plea
unconstitutional under both the United States Constitution and the Ohio Constitution.”
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Id. A determination of whether a plea is knowing, intelligent, and voluntary is based
on a review of the record. State v. Spates (1992), 64 Ohio St.3d 269, 272, 595
N.E.2d 351.
{¶7} To ensure that guilty pleas are entered knowingly, intelligently, and
voluntarily, Crim.R. 11(C)(2) sets forth certain procedures the trial court must follow
before accepting such pleas in felony cases. Before the court can accept a guilty
plea on a felony charge, it must conduct a colloquy with the defendant to determine
that the defendant understands the plea and the rights he is waiving by entering that
plea. Crim.R. 11(C)(2).
{¶8} Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(c) sets forth the constitutional rights that the defendant
waives in entering his guilty plea. “A trial court must strictly comply with Crim.R.
11(C)(2)(c) and orally advise a defendant before accepting a felony plea that the plea
waives (1) the right to a jury trial, (2) the right to confront one’s accusers, (3) the right
to compulsory process to obtain witnesses, (4) the right to require the state to prove
guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, and (5) the privilege against compulsory self-
incrimination. When a trial court fails to strictly comply with this duty, the defendant’s
plea is invalid. (Crim.R.11(C)(2)(c), applied.)” State v. Veney, 120 Ohio St.3d 176,
2008-Ohio-5200, 897 N.E.2d 621, syllabus.
{¶9} At the plea hearing, the trial court inquired:
{¶10} “Do you understand by entering into these pleas you’re giving up
certain substantial and constitutional rights, such as your right to trial by jury, your
right to have the state prove each element of each charge against you, the right to
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confront any witness that would testify against you, the right to compel witnesses to
testify on your own behalf and the right not to testify at trial or any of the proceedings
if you so desire? Do you further understand that you have a right to a trial by jury?
And if the jury comes back with a verdict against you, you would have the right to an
appeal, but you’re giving up that right to an appeal?” (Plea Hrg. Tr., p. 5.)
{¶11} Appellant filed a postconviction motion to withdraw his guilty plea, which
was denied by the trial court, as was his subsequent motion for reconsideration.
Appellant did not appeal the denial of his motion to withdraw the plea. Although the
motion itself and the motion for reconsideration were not a part of the record, the
judgment entry denying the motion for reconsideration suggests that the Crim.R.
11(C) violation was not raised in the motion to vacate. However, “[f]ailure to comply
with the requirements of Crim.R. 11(C) when taking a plea is a defect that may be the
subject of a merit appeal which supports reversal of a defendant’s conviction when
prejudice results.” State v. White, 7th Dist. No. 03 MA 168, 2004-Ohio-2809, ¶19,
citing State v. Ballard (1981), 66 Ohio St.2d 473, 423 N.E.2d 115. Therefore,
Appellant’s Crim.R. 11(C) challenge is properly before us.
{¶12} The state, in its brief, concedes that the trial court erred when it failed to
inform Appellant that the state must prove his guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. It is
clear from the record that the trial court committed reversible error, and, that the plea
in this case is invalid. State v. Roman, 7th Dist. No. 06 MA 32, 2007-Ohio-5243, ¶38
(invalidating guilty plea when the court failed to articulate the state’s burden of proof
at the plea hearing). Accordingly, Appellant’s first assignment of error is sustained,
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and the guilty plea, conviction, and sentencing entry are vacated, and this matter is
remanded for further proceedings according to law and consistent with this Opinion.
Appellant’s remaining assignments of error are moot.
Donofrio, J., concurs.
DeGenaro, J., concurs.