State v. Shepherd , 2009 Ohio 3315 ( 2009 )

[Cite as State v. Shepherd, 2009-Ohio-3315.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
THIRD APPELLATE DISTRICT
HARDIN COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO,
PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, CASE NO. 6-08-16
v.
TERRY DALE SHEPHERD, OPINION
DEFENDANT-APPELLANT.
Appeal from Hardin County Common Pleas Court
Trial Court No. 20082218 CRI
Judgment Reversed and Cause Remanded
Date of Decision: July 6, 2009
APPEARANCES:
Scott B. Johnson for Appellant
Maria Santo for Appellee
Case No. 6-08-16
WILLAMOWSKI, J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Terry D. Shepherd (“Shepherd”) brings this
appeal from the judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Hardin County
sentencing him to two consecutive life sentences in prison without the possibility
of parole as well as to twenty-six years in prison for violation of parole. For the
reasons set forth below, the sentence is reversed.
{¶2} On the night of October 12, 2008, Shepherd killed Judy Kearley and
Debra England. He took their bodies to an abandoned farm house where he placed
them. Shepherd then set fire to the home to destroy the bodies and fled the scene
in the victims’ truck. On October 13, 2008, the police located the truck parked
behind Shepherd’s brother’s home and observed blood in the truck bed, damage to
the body, and the shattered rear window. Shepherd was soon found hiding in the
basement of a nearby residence. Shepherd admitted to the murders when
questioned by the police. At the time of the murders, Shepherd was on parole for
convictions of rape, aggravated robbery and theft in Hancock County.
{¶3} On November 7, 2008, the Hardin County Grand Jury indicted
Shepherd for two counts of aggravated murder in violation of R.C. 2903.01(D).
Shepherd entered pleas of not guilty to the charges on November 14, 2008. On
December 12, 2008, Shepherd changed his plea to guilty of the charges in the
indictment. The trial court immediately proceeded to sentencing. The judgment
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Case No. 6-08-16
entry of conviction and sentence was filed on December 15, 2008. Shepherd
appeals from this entry and raises the following assignment of error concerning his
sentence.
The trial court erred by sentencing [Shepherd] to maximum,
consecutive sentences and imposing an additional 26 years for a
parole violation.
This court notes that the conviction itself is not being appealed, only the sentence.
Thus, regardless of the outcome, the judgment of conviction will stand.
{¶4} In the assignment of error, Shepherd argues that the trial court erred
by making findings of fact in its journal entry. In State v. Foster, 109 Ohio St.3d
1, 2006-Ohio-856, 845 N.E.2d 470, the Ohio Supreme Court found that the fact
finding provisions of R.C. 2929.14, including section (E)(4), were
unconstitutional and severed them. Any judgment based upon an unconstitutional
statute is void and the defendant must be resentenced. Id. at ¶103. See also State
v. Baez, 6th Dist. No. L-06-1320, 2007-Ohio-3825 (holding that a sentence based
upon judicial fact finding is void). Statements made in support of a sentence
containing language from the severed sections also violate Foster. State v. Frost,
6th Dist. Nos. L-06-1142, L-06-1143, 2007-Ohio-3469, ¶67.
{¶5} At the sentencing hearing, the trial court did not make any invalid
factual findings in support of the sentence. However, in its journal entry, the trial
court made the following statement.
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Case No. 6-08-16
Pursuant to [R.C. 2929.14(E)] the Court FINDS for the reasons
stated on the record that consecutive sentences are necessary to
protect the public from future crime or to punish Defendant and
not disproportionate to the seriousness of Defendant’s conduct
and the danger Defendant poses to the public.
Dec. 15, 2008, Entry, 2-3. The State concedes that this is an error that must be
corrected. However, the State claims that since nothing concerning the findings
from the severed portions of the statute was mentioned at the hearing, it is merely
a clerical one which may be corrected via a nunc pro tunc order.
{¶6} This court has previously held and continues to hold that the trial
court speaks through its journal entry. State v. Hankins (1993), 89 Ohio App.3d
567, 626 N.E.2d 965. “If the journal entry and the judge’s comments conflict, the
journal entry controls.” Id. at 569. The journal entry in this case clearly indicates
that the trial court considered the sentencing factors set forth in R.C. 2929.14(E)
concerning the imposition of consecutive sentences. Despite the State’s
argument, we cannot merely assume that this is an instance where a clerk
mistakenly typed the wrong number or a clerical mistake that may be corrected
via a nunc pro tunc order.1 The record is that the trial court made findings based
upon an unconstitutional statute. Thus, Shepherd must be resentenced.2
1
We have nothing before us in the record indicating any attempt by or intent of the lower court to issue a
nunc pro tunc order. Thus, we must assume that the judgment entry of sentence accurately reflects the
intent of the lower court.
2
In determining that resentencing is necessary, this court makes no determination as to the appropriateness
of the given sentence had the trial court not indicated that it had considered the sentencing factors set forth
in R.C. 2929.14(E).
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Case No. 6-08-16
{¶7} This court shares the frustration of all involved that a new
sentencing must occur. However, the Ohio Supreme Court in Foster addressed
the issue of whether sentences based upon unconstitutional statutes must be
returned for new sentencing hearings and held that new sentencing hearings were
necessary to comply with the dictates of the United States Supreme Court and the
Sixth Amendment of the United States Constitution. Foster, supra at ¶104. This
court must follow the dictates of the Ohio Supreme Court. For the reasons
discussed above, the assignment of error is sustained.
{¶8} The judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Hardin County as
to the sentence is reversed and the matter is remanded for resentencing consistent
with this opinion.
Judgment Reversed and
Cause Remanded
PRESTON, P.J., concurs.
ROGERS, J., concurs in Judgment Only.
/jlr
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