State v. Adams , 2012 Ohio 255 ( 2012 )

[Cite as State v. Adams, 2012-Ohio-255.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
SCIOTO COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO, : Case No. 10CA3391
:
Plaintiff-Appellee, :
: DECISION AND
v. : JUDGMENT ENTRY
:
JOHN ADAMS, :
: RELEASED 01/03/12
Defendant-Appellant. :
______________________________________________________________________
APPEARANCES:
James H. Banks, Dublin, Ohio, for appellant.
Mark E. Kuhn, Scioto County Prosecutor, Portsmouth, Ohio, for appellee.
______________________________________________________________________
Harsha, P.J.
{¶1} John Adams appeals the new sentence the trial court entered on remand
from this Court. Adams contends his sentence is clearly and convincingly contrary to
law and that the court abused its discretion in selecting it because the court again relied
on an unconstitutional statute and made an incorrect finding regarding his criminal past.
However, the portion of the original resentencing entry that Adams objects to did not
reflect the court’s actual findings at the resentencing hearing and was included in the
entry by mistake. Therefore, we issued a second remand directing the trial court to file
a nunc pro tunc entry. The trial court did so under Crim.R. 36 and eliminated the
language that had been included by a scrivener’s error. Because the nunc pro tunc
entry complied with our original remand and the law, we affirm Adams’ new sentence.
I. Facts
{¶2} A jury convicted Adams of one count of murder, one count of aggravated
Scioto App. No. 10CA3391 2
burglary, and two counts of kidnapping, all with firearm specifications. We vacated
Adams’ original sentence because the trial court relied on R.C. 2929.14(B) and (E)(4)
when it imposed greater-than-minimum and consecutive prison terms, and the Supreme
Court of Ohio declared those statutory provisions unconstitutional in State v. Foster, 109
Ohio St.3d 1, 2006-Ohio-856, 845 N.E.2d 470. State v. Adams, Scioto App. Nos.
04CA2959 & 05CA2986, 2009-Ohio-6491, at ¶11 (Adams I). After the court
resentenced Adams on remand, this appeal followed (Adams II).
II. Assignment of Error
{¶3} Adams assigns one error for our review:
THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN SENTENCING THE DEFENDANT.
[Transcript marked “July 19, 2004” at pp. 6-9; Judgment Entry filed
7/28/04 at pp. 4-7; Transcript of July 7, 2010 hearing at p. 3; Judgment
Entry filed 9/23/10]
III. Sentencing
{¶4} In his sole assignment of error, Adams contends that the trial court erred
when it resentenced him. In State v. Kalish, 120 Ohio St.3d 23, 2008-Ohio-4912, 896
N.E.2d 124, the Supreme Court of Ohio announced the standard for appellate review of
felony sentences. We must employ a two-step analysis. First, we “must examine the
sentencing court’s compliance with all applicable rules and statutes in imposing the
sentence to determine whether the sentence is clearly and convincingly contrary to law.”
Kalish at ¶4. If the sentence is not clearly and convincingly contrary to law, we must
review the trial court’s decision for an abuse-of-discretion. Id.{¶5} Adams argues that his new sentence is clearly and convincingly contrary
to law and that the trial court abused its discretion in imposing it because the trial court
“made the same findings on the record which this Court found to be contrary” to Foster
Scioto App. No. 10CA3391 3
and “stated those findings as the basis for its imposition of maximum and consecutive
sentences * * *.” (Appellant’s Br. 6, 8). Adams also complains that the court found
consecutive sentences necessary “based upon [his] history of criminal conduct;
however, it is undisputed that [he] has absolutely no history of criminal conduct.”
(Appellant’s Br. 6). Contrary to Adams’ contention, the original resentencing entry made
no findings related to the imposition of maximum sentences that are improper under
Foster. However, the entry did contain the following statements related to the
imposition of consecutive sentences:
Pursuant to Revised Code section 2929.14(E), the Court finds for
the reasons stated on the record that consecutive sentences are
necessary to protect the public from future crime and to punish the
defendant and consecutive sentences are not disproportionate to the
seriousness of the defendant’s conduct and to the danger the defendant
poses to the public. The Court also finds that the defendant’s history of
criminal conduct demonstrates that consecutive sentences are necessary.
{¶6} The language used in the original resentencing entry implicated R.C.
2929.14(E)(4). The State’s brief implicitly acknowledged that reliance on this code
section would violate Foster and that there was no factual basis for the trial court’s
statement that Adams had a history of criminal conduct. However, the State claimed
that it prepared the resentencing entry, the trial court did not make the findings quoted
above at the resentencing hearing, and that the State included this language in the
entry by mistake. The State suggested that we again remand this matter to the trial
court to issue corrected nunc pro tunc entry.
{¶7} Our review of the resentencing hearing revealed the trial court explicitly
acknowledged we had remanded this matter after finding the court violated Foster “in
giving reasons for the sentences imposed * * *.” Our review also revealed the court did
Scioto App. No. 10CA3391 4
not make any findings that ran contrary to Foster: The court did not state that
consecutive sentences were necessary to protect the public from future crime and to
punish Adams or that consecutive sentences were not disproportionate to the
seriousness of Adams’ conduct and to the danger he posed to the public. Moreover,
the court did not find that Adams had a history of criminal conduct which demonstrated
that consecutive sentences were necessary. Adams’ attorney brought up the issue of
his criminal past, complaining that when the court originally sentenced Adams it
incorrectly stated that he had a history of criminal activity. The State did not contradict
this assertion, and the court appeared to accept that it had made a mistake at the
original sentencing hearing, stating, “Okay so I cited a past of prior convictions which
are not current.” And when the court orally announced Adams’ new sentence, the court
did not relate its decision to Adams’ criminal history or lack thereof.
{¶8} Given the court’s explicit acknowledgement of the reason for the remand,
and the absence of any findings on the record at the resentencing hearing that violate
Foster, we agreed with the State that the original resentencing entry did not accurately
reflect the trial court’s actual decision. So, we remanded the matter to the trial court
again for the limited purpose of issuing a corrected sentencing entry that reflected the
findings the court actually made at the resentencing hearing.1 See App.R. 9(E); Crim.R.
36; State ex rel. Womack v. Marsh, 128 Ohio St.3d 303, 2011-Ohio-229, 943 N.E.2d
1010, at ¶13 (per curiam) (“Although trial courts generally lack authority to reconsider
their own valid final judgments in criminal cases, they retain continuing jurisdiction to
correct clerical errors in judgments by nunc pro tunc entry to reflect what the court
1
We also remanded with instructions for the court to address other clerical errors in the entry unrelated to
Adams’ complaints on appeal.
Scioto App. No. 10CA3391 5
actually decided.”). Subsequently, the trial court issued a nunc pro tunc sentencing
entry that omitted the language Adams finds objectionable in his assignment of error.
That nunc pro tunc resentencing entry forms the final appealable order in this appeal.
IV. Conclusion
{¶9} Because the nunc pro tunc resentencing entry does not contain any
language that is contrary to Foster or any reference to Adams’ criminal history, the trial
court properly complied with our original remand in Adams I and the law on sentencing.
Accordingly, we overrule the sole assignment of error and affirm the trial court’s
judgment.
JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.
Scioto App. No. 10CA3391 6
JUDGMENT ENTRY
It is ordered that the JUDGMENT IS AFFIRMED and that Appellant shall pay the
costs.
The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing the Scioto
County Court of Common Pleas to carry this judgment into execution.
IF A STAY OF EXECUTION OF SENTENCE AND RELEASE UPON BAIL HAS
BEEN PREVIOUSLY GRANTED BY THE TRIAL COURT OR THIS COURT, it is
temporarily continued for a period not to exceed sixty days upon the bail previously
posted. The purpose of a continued stay is to allow Appellant to file with the Supreme
Court of Ohio an application for a stay during the pendency of proceedings in that court.
If a stay is continued by this entry, it will terminate at the earlier of the expiration of the
sixty day period, or the failure of the Appellant to file a notice of appeal with the
Supreme Court of Ohio in the forty-five day appeal period pursuant to Rule II, Sec. 2 of
the Rules of Practice of the Supreme Court of Ohio. Additionally, if the Supreme Court
of Ohio dismisses the appeal prior to expiration of sixty days, the stay will terminate as
of the date of such dismissal.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of
the Rules of Appellate Procedure. Exceptions.
Abele, J. & Kline, J.: Concur in Judgment and Opinion.
For the Court
BY: ________________________
William H. Harsha
Presiding Judge
NOTICE TO COUNSEL
Pursuant to Local Rule No. 14, this document constitutes a final judgment
entry and the time period for further appeal commences from the date of filing
with the clerk.