State v. Seal , 2014 Ohio 4168 ( 2014 )

[Cite as State v. Seal, 2014-Ohio-4168.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
HIGHLAND COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO, :
Plaintiff-Appellee, :
Case No. 13CA10
v. :
DECISION AND
ARTHUR SEAL, : JUDGMENT ENTRY
Defendant-Appellant. : RELEASED 09/16/2014
APPEARANCES:
Arthur Seal, Chillicothe, Ohio, pro se Appellant.
Anneka P. Collins, Highland County Prosecuting Attorney, Hillsboro, Ohio, for Appellee.
Hoover, J.
{¶ 1} Arthur Seal, an inmate at the Chillicothe Correctional Institution, appeals from a
judgment of the Highland County Common Pleas Court that denied his “motion for exculpatory
evidence” wherein Seal sought the release of a 911 recording for use in a post-conviction
proceeding. We previously determined that the motion was actually filed pursuant to R.C.
149.43(B)(8); and thus the trial court’s judgment is a final appealable order. [See Magistrate’s
Order filed July 3, 2013]. For the following reasons, we affirm the trial court’s judgment.
{¶ 2} On December 3, 2012, a jury found Seal guilty of: 1) the illegal manufacture of
drugs, with the additional finding that the offense occurred in the vicinity of a juvenile; 2) the
illegal assembly or possession of chemicals for the manufacture of drugs, with the additional
finding that the offense occurred in the vicinity of a juvenile; and 3) endangering children. On
December 10, 2012, the trial court sentenced Seal to an aggregate prison term of 14 years. On
Highland App. No. 13CA10 2
January 2, 2013, Seal filed a notice of appeal, indicating his intent to directly appeal his
convictions and sentence.
{¶ 3} On April 12, 2013, while his direct appeal remained pending, Seal filed the motion
for exculpatory evidence that is at issue in the instant appeal. In his memorandum in support of
the motion, Seal argued that the 911 recording was necessary to prove in a post-conviction
proceeding that law enforcement unlawfully searched the property at which he had been staying.1
Essentially, Seal asserts that there was never an emergency at the property; that law enforcement
should have never been present at the property; and that the existence or non-existence of the 911
recording could help prove that theory. Finally, Seal indicated that his trial counsel requested
discovery from the State; knew of the alleged 911 call and the State’s failure to produce a record
of it; and yet failed to further seek production of the call recording prior to his trial.
{¶ 4} Before the State could file a memorandum contra Seal’s motion, the trial court
denied the motion on April 17, 2013. In its judgment denying the motion, the trial court stated
that: “This case is completed and a direct appeal of the conviction is now pending. The 911 tape
if it exists is a public record which the [d]efendant can obtain from the Sheriff’s Department
under public records laws.”
{¶ 5} Seal sets forth the following assignment of error from the trial court’s decision to
deny the motion:
Assignment of Error:
TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION BY DENYING THE
APPELLANT’S MOTION FOR EXCULPATORY EVIDENCE AND
REFUSING TO ORDER HIS PROSECUTION DEPT. TO EITHER RELEASE
1
At trial, Deputy Craig Seaman of the Highland County Sheriff’s Office testified that on June 4, 2012, he was
dispatched to answer a 911 call indicating possible assistance needed at 5094 US Route 50, in Highland County,
Ohio. Seaman testified further that an investigation of the 911 call led to the procurement of a search warrant for a
house and a camper that were located at the address. Upon execution of the search warrant, authorities located an
active methamphetamine lab in the camper. See State v. Seal, 4th Dist. Highland No. 13CA1.
Highland App. No. 13CA10 3
THE ALLEGED 9-1-1 CALL/TRANSCRIPTS OR ORDER THE STATE TO
CONCEDE THERE IS NO 9-1-1 CALL AND NEVER WAS IN ORDER FOR
THE APPELLANT TO SUPPORT HIS RELIEF PETITION, AND THE TRIAL
COURT VIOLATED THE APPELLANT’S DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL
PROTECTION TO THE LAW WHICH VIOLATED THE APPELLANT’S 4TH,
5TH, 6TH & 14TH U.S. CONSITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS AND ARTICLE
I, SEC.S 10, 14 & 16 OF THE OHIO CONSTITUTION.
{¶ 6} In his single assignment of error, Seal contends that the trial court erred and abused
its discretion by denying his request for the 911 recording which is purportedly in the possession
of the prosecutor’s office; if such a recording actually exists.
{¶ 7} Through the passage of the Ohio Public Record’s Act, “[t]he General Assembly
clearly evidenced a public-policy decision to restrict a convicted inmate’s unlimited access to
public records in order to conserve law enforcement resources.” State ex rel. Russell v. Thornton,
111 Ohio St. 3d 409, 2006-Ohio-5858, 856 N.E.2d 966, ¶ 14. In furtherance of that goal, “R.C.
149.43(B)(8) requires an incarcerated criminal offender who seeks records relating to an
inmate’s criminal prosecution to obtain a finding by the sentencing judge or the judge’s
successor that the requested information is necessary to support what appears to be a justiciable
claim.” State ex rel. Fernbach v. Brush, 133 Ohio St. 3d 151, 2012-Ohio-4214, 976 N.E.2d 889, ¶
2. R.C. 149.43(B)(8) specifically provides:
A public office or person responsible for public records is not required to permit a
person who is incarcerated pursuant to a criminal conviction or a juvenile
adjudication to inspect or to obtain a copy of any public record concerning a
criminal investigation or prosecution or concerning what would be a criminal
investigation or prosecution if the subject of the investigation or prosecution were
an adult, unless the request to inspect or to obtain a copy of the record is for the
purpose of acquiring information that is subject to release as a public record under
this section and the judge who imposed the sentence or made the adjudication
Highland App. No. 13CA10 4
with respect to the person, or the judge’s successor in office, finds that the
information sought in the public record is necessary to support what appears to be
a justiciable claim of the person.
{¶ 8} “A ‘justiciable claim’ is a claim properly brought before a court of justice for
relief.” State v. Wilson, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 23734, 2011-Ohio-4195, ¶ 9. “Establishing a
justiciable claim ordinarily involves identifying a ‘pending proceeding with respect to which the
requested documents would be material.’ ” State v. Rodriguez, 12th Dist. Preble No. CA2013-11-
011, 2014-Ohio-2583, ¶ 14, quoting State v. Rodriguez, 6th Dist. Wood Nos. WD-13-026, WD-
13-053 and WD-13-071, 2014-Ohio-1313, ¶ 5. “The trial court’s decision with respect to
whether the inmate established a justiciable claim is reviewed under an abuse of discretion
standard.” Id.
{¶ 9} As an initial matter, we note that the trial court arguably misinterpreted Seal’s
motion. While the motion could have been worded more clearly, it does appear that Seal was
seeking a finding, as required by R.C. 149.43(B)(8), that the 911 recording was necessary to
support a justiciable claim. [See Magistrate’s Order filed July 3, 2013]. The trial court did not
make the required finding, but instead denied the motion on the grounds that it was not the
proper office to seek a public records request.
{¶ 10} Nonetheless, even if the trial court misinterpreted the nature of Seal’s request, we
find no error in its denial of the request. First, we note that Seal failed to identify any pending
justiciable proceeding for which the requested item would be material. While Seal argued that
the 911 recording was necessary to prepare a post-conviction relief petition, no such petition was
actually pending when the request was made. See State v. Atakpu, 2d Dist. Montgomery No.
25232, 2013-Ohio-4392, ¶ 9 (“[W]here an incarcerated defendant did not identify any pending
Highland App. No. 13CA10 5
proceeding with respect to which the requested documents would be material, the trial court did
not err in overruling a public records request.”); see also Rodriguez, 2014-Ohio-2583 at ¶ 16;
Wilson, 2011-Ohio-4195 at ¶ 9.
{¶ 11} We also find that Seal does not have a justiciable claim because any claim he
might present would be barred by the doctrine of res judicata. See State v. Reid, 2d Dist.
Montgomery No. 24672, 2012-Ohio-1659, ¶ 9 (“Claims barred by res judicata are not
justiciable.”).
{¶ 12} It is well established law in Ohio that:
Under the doctrine of res judicata, a final judgment of conviction bars a convicted
defendant who was represented by counsel from raising and litigating in any
proceeding except an appeal from that judgment, any defense or any claimed lack
of due process that was raised or could have been raised by the defendant at the
trial, which resulted in that judgment of conviction, or on an appeal from that
judgment.
State v. Perry, 10 Ohio St. 2d 175, 226 N.E.2d 104 (1967), paragraph nine of the syllabus.
{¶ 13} Here, Seal admitted in his motion for exculpatory evidence that his trial counsel
knew of the State’s failure to produce the 911 recording, despite his request for discovery, yet
made no attempts to compel production prior to trial. Moreover, Seal’s brief in support of his
direct appeal, which we note was filed after Seal’s motion for exculpatory evidence and by new
appellate counsel, did not raise the present issue as an assignment of error or separate argument.
See State v. Seal, 4th Dist. Highland No.13CA1. Because Seal could have raised the issue at trial,
or in his direct appeal, he is now barred by the doctrine of res judicata from raising the issue in
Highland App. No. 13CA10 6
any post-conviction proceeding. Thus, the 911 recording, if it exists, does not support a
justiciable claim.
{¶ 14} Based on the foregoing, we overrule Seal’s sole assignment of error and affirm the
trial court’s judgment.
JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.
Highland App. No. 13CA10 7
JUDGMENT ENTRY
It is ordered that the JUDGMENT IS AFFIRMED. Appellant shall pay the costs herein
taxed.
The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing the Highland County
Common Pleas Court to carry this judgment into execution.
IF A STAY OF EXECUTION OF SENTENCE AND RELEASE UPON BAIL HAS
BEEN PREVIOUSLY GRANTED BY THE TRIAL COURT OR THIS COURT, it is
temporarily continued for a period not to exceed sixty days upon the bail previously posted. The
purpose of a continued stay is to allow Appellant to file with the Supreme Court of Ohio an
application for a stay during the pendency of the proceedings in that court. If a stay is continued
by this entry, it will terminate at the earliest of the expiration of the sixty day period, or the
failure of the Appellant to file a notice of appeal with the Supreme Court of Ohio in the forty-
five day appeal period pursuant to Rule II, Sec. 2 of the Rules of Practice of the Supreme Court
of Ohio. Additionally, if the Supreme Court of Ohio dismisses the appeal prior to the expiration
of sixty days, the stay will terminate as of the date of such dismissal.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the
Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Harsha, J. and McFarland, J.: Concur in Judgment and Opinion.
For the Court
By:
Marie Hoover, Judge
NOTICE TO COUNSEL
Pursuant to Local Rule No. 14, this document constitutes a final judgment entry and the
time period for further appeal commences from the date of filing with the clerk.