State v. Dillon , 2013 Ohio 335 ( 2013 )

[Cite as State v. Dillon, 2013-Ohio-335.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
TWELFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO
MADISON COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO, :
Plaintiff-Appellee, : CASE NO. CA2012-06-012
: OPINION
- vs - 2/4/2013
:
HAROLD F. DILLON, JR., :
Defendant-Appellant. :
CRIMINAL APPEAL FROM MADISON COUNTY COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
Case No. CRI 20110193
Stephen J. Pronai, Madison County Prosecuting Attorney, Eamon P. Costello, 59 North Main
Street, London, Ohio 43140, for plaintiff-appellee
W. Joseph Edwards, 341 South Third Street, Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215, for
defendant-appellant
RINGLAND, J.
{¶ 1} Defendant-appellant, Harold F. Dillon, Jr., appeals his sentence from the
Madison County Court of Common Pleas.
{¶ 2} Dillon was indicted on December 14, 2011 on seven counts of trafficking in
drugs, a felony of the fifth degree in violation of R.C. 2925.03(A)(1). On March 30, 2012,
Dillon pled guilty to Counts I through IV, with the state dismissing Counts V, VI and VII.
Madison CA2012-06-012
{¶ 3} Thereafter, on May 25, 2012, a sentencing hearing was held. The court
sentenced Dillon to a one-year sentence on Count I, consecutive to a six-month sentence on
Count II; a one-year sentence on Count III, concurrent to Counts I and II; and a one-year
sentence on Count IV, consecutive to each of the other counts. Dillon was further sentenced
to a five-year license suspension and three years of optional postrelease control.
{¶ 4} Dillon now appeals the sentence imposed by the trial court, raising two
assignments of error for our review.
{¶ 5} Assignment of Error No. 1:
{¶ 6} THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT MADE THE FINDINGS REQUIRED BY
R.C. §2929.14(C) FOR IMPOSING CONSECUTIVE SENTENCES WITHOUT SUPPORT
FROM THE RECORD.
{¶ 7} Dillon argues that the trial court's finding that consecutive sentences were
necessary was not supported by the record because he had only one felony conviction in the
past 30 years and had no previous convictions for crimes of violence.
{¶ 8} H.B. 86 has added an additional requirement that trial courts must adhere to
when imposing consecutive sentences. In enacting H.B. 86, the General Assembly revived
the requirement that trial courts make certain factual findings before imposing consecutive
sentences under R.C. 2929.14(C)(4). State v. Smith, 12th Dist. No. CA2012-01-004, 2012-
Ohio-4523, ¶ 20, citing State v. Alexander, 1st Dist. Nos. C-110828, C-110829, 2012-Ohio-
3349, ¶ 13.
{¶ 9} Amended R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) provides a three-step analysis in order to impose
consecutive sentences. State v. Snyder, 3rd Dist. No. 13-11-37, 2012-Ohio-3069, at ¶ 25.
First, the trial court must find that consecutive sentencing is necessary to protect the public
from future crime or to punish the offender. Id. Second, the trial court must find that
consecutive sentences are not disproportionate to the seriousness of the offender's conduct
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and to the danger the offender poses to the public. Id. Third, the trial court must find that
one of the following applies:
(a) The offender committed one or more of the multiple offenses
while the offender was awaiting trial or sentencing, was under a
sanction imposed pursuant to section 2929.16, 2929.17, or
2929.18 of the Revised Code, or was under post-release control
for a prior offense.
(b) At least two of the multiple offenses were committed as part
of one or more courses of conduct, and the harm caused by two
or more of the multiple offenses so committed was so great or
unusual that no single prison term for any of the offenses
committed as part of any of the courses of conduct adequately
reflects the seriousness of the offender's conduct.
(c) The offender's history of criminal conduct demonstrates that
consecutive sentences are necessary to protect the public from
future crime by the offender.
Id.; R.C. 2929.14(C)(4).
{¶ 10} We find that the trial court complied with the dictates of the newly amended
R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) and made all the required findings. Contrary to Dillon's assertions, the
record indicates that the trial court complied with the three-step analysis in R.C.
2929.14(C)(4) and found all of the statutory findings applicable.
{¶ 11} In applying all three prongs of the test, the trial court specifically stated in its
sentencing entry that:
[C]onsecutive sentences are necessary to protect the public from
future crime and to punish the offender; consecutive sentences
are not disproportionate to the seriousness of the offender's
conduct and the danger the offender poses to the public; the
offender's history of criminal conduct demonstrates that
consecutive sentences are necessary to protect the public from
future crime by the offender; * * *.
{¶ 12} Moreover, the trial court stated that "the findings necessary for the consecutive
sentences are contained in the presentence investigation, and I so find them and affirm them
at this point." The presentence investigative report included a "criminal history * * * about as
lengthy as any that we deal with. We're talking about almost a 40 year period where you've
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been on the wrong side of the road." A review of Dillon's presentence investigative report
supports the findings of the trial court. Therefore, given Dillon's lengthy criminal history and
the trial court's compliance with the three-step analysis in R.C. 2929.14(C)(4), we cannot find
that the trial court erred in imposing consecutive sentences.
{¶ 13} In light of the foregoing, having found that the record supports the trial court's
decision to impose consecutive sentences based on Dillon's prior criminal history, Dillon's
first assignment of error is overruled.
{¶ 14} Assignment of Error No. 2:
{¶ 15} [DILLON'S] SENTENCE WAS AN ABUSE OF DISCRETION.
{¶ 16} Appellate review of felony sentencing is controlled by the two-step procedure
outlined by the Ohio Supreme Court in State v. Kalish, 120 Ohio St.3d 23, 2008-Ohio-4912.
Under Kalish, this court must (1) examine the sentencing court's compliance with all
applicable rules and statutes in imposing the sentence to determine whether the sentence is
clearly and convincingly contrary to law, and if so, (2) review the sentencing court's decision
for an abuse of discretion. Id. at ¶ 4; State v. Blanton, 12th Dist. No. CA2008-09-235, 2009-
Ohio-3311, ¶ 18.
{¶ 17} Dillon concedes that the first prong of the Kalish test is met as his sentence was
not contrary to law. However, he argues that the trial court abused its discretion by failing to
consider the seriousness and recidivism factors set forth in R.C. 2929.12. Dillon argues that
under a proper consideration of those factors, a prison sentence was not warranted.
{¶ 18} Through H.B. 86, the General Assembly amended R.C. 2929.11 and it now
states that the "overriding purposes of felony sentencing are to protect the public from future
crime by the offender and others and to punish the offender using the minimum sanctions
that the court determines accomplish those purposes without imposing an unnecessary
burden on state or local government resources." The trial court has discretion to determine
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whether the sentence satisfies the overriding purpose of Ohio's sentencing structure. R.C.
2929.12(A). An abuse of that discretion "is more than an error of law or judgment; it implies
that the court's attitude is unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable." Kalish at ¶19.
{¶ 19} Contrary to Dillon's contention that the trial court failed to consider the factors
set forth in R.C. 2929.12, the trial court explicitly found as follows in its corrected judgment
entry of sentence:
The Court reviewed the pre-sentence report and heard
statements in mitigation presented by the defendant and his
counsel. After considering all of the facts and the sentencing
factors contained in Ohio Revised Code §2929.12, the Court
finds a prison term is consistent with the purposes and principles
of sentencing set forth in Ohio Revised Code 2929.11; a prison
term is commensurate with and not demeaning to the
seriousness of the offender's conduct and its impact upon the
victim; * * * a prison term is necessary to punish the offender and
protect the public from future crime by the offender and others; *
* *.
{¶ 20} Furthermore, at Dillon's sentencing hearing, the trial court considered "the
factors that [it] must, and that is [Dillon] engaged in organized criminal activity and have done
so historically for many years in this community." The court went on to recognize that
"[r]ecidivism factors, of course, indicate a high-risk of re-offending. You have substance
abuse history. You have four previous felony convictions. You have previous convictions for
trafficking and drugs. You served a juvenile prison sentence. You've served two adult prison
sentences." Based upon the trial court's extensive consideration of the aforementioned
factors, we cannot find that the trial court abused its discretion in imposing Dillon's sentence.
{¶ 21} In light of the foregoing, having found that the trial court did not abuse its
discretion in imposing Dillon's sentence, Dillon's second assignment of error is overruled.
{¶ 22} Judgment affirmed.
HENDRICKSON, P.J., and S. POWELL, J., concur.
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