State v. Peterson , 2022 Ohio 2766 ( 2022 )

[Cite as State v. Peterson, 2022-Ohio-2766.]
COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
STATE OF OHIO, :
Plaintiff-Appellee, :
No. 109306
v. :
DAMIEN L. PETERSON, :
Defendant-Appellant. :
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
JUDGMENT: APPLICATION DENIED
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: August 10, 2022
Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
Case No. CR-19-639520-A
Application for Reopening
Motion No. 554599
Appearances:
Michael C. O’Malley, Cuyahoga County Prosecuting
Attorney, and Frank Romeo Zeleznikar, Assistant
Prosecuting Attorney, for appellee.
Damien L. Peterson, pro se.
EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, J.:
Damien L. Peterson has filed a timely App.R. 26(B) application for
reopening. Peterson is attempting to reopen the appellate judgment, rendered in
State v. Peterson, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 109306, 2022-Ohio-835, that affirmed
the convictions rendered in State v. Peterson, Cuyahoga C.P. No. CR-19-639520-A,
for four counts of aggravated robbery (with multiple firearm specifications, notice
of prior conviction and repeat violent offender specifications), four counts of having
weapons while under disability (with multiple firearm specifications) and two
counts of misdemeanor theft, but remanded for the issuance of a nunc pro tunc
order correcting clerical errors in the trial court’s sentencing journal entry. We
decline to reopen Peterson’s appeal.
I. Standard of Review Applicable to App.R. 26(B) Application for
Reopening
An application for reopening shall be granted if there exists a genuine
issue as to whether an applicant was deprived of the effective assistance of appellate
counsel on appeal. See App.R. 26(B)(5). To establish a claim of ineffective
assistance of appellate counsel, Peterson is required to establish that the
performance of his appellate counsel was deficient and the deficiency resulted in
prejudice. Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674(1984); State v. Bradley, 42 Ohio St.3d 136, 538 N.E.2d 373 (1989), cert. denied,
497 U.S. 1011, 110 S.Ct. 3258, 111 L.Ed.2d 768 (1990).
In Strickland, the United States Supreme Court held that a court’s
scrutiny of an attorney’s work must be highly deferential. The court further stated
that it is all too tempting for a defendant to second-guess his attorney after
conviction and that it would be too easy for a court to conclude that a specific act or
omission was deficient, especially when examining the matter in hindsight. Thus, a
court must indulge in a strong presumption that counsel’s conduct falls within the
wide range of reasonable professional assistance; that is, the defendant must
overcome the presumption that, under the circumstances, the challenged action
might be considered sound trial strategy. Strickland.
Moreover, even if Peterson establishes that an error by his appellate
counsel was professionally unreasonable, Peterson must further establish that he
was prejudiced; but for the unreasonable error there exists a reasonable probability
that the results of his appeal would have been different. Reasonable probability,
regarding an application for reopening, is defined as a probability sufficient to
undermine confidence in the outcome of the appeal. State v. May, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 97354, 2012-Ohio-5504.
II. Argument
Peterson does not raise individual proposed assignments of error in
support of his claim of prejudice based upon ineffective assistance of appellate
counsel as required by App.R. 26(B)(2)(c). However, Peterson has presented
sufficient arguments to discern proposed issues in support of the claim of ineffective
assistance of appellate counsel. State v. Cobb, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 106928,
2019-Ohio-2320. The issues raised by Peterson, in support of his claim of ineffective
assistance of appellate counsel, basically involve the failure of appellate counsel to
argue a defective preliminary hearing in the Shaker Heights Municipal Court and a
lack of jurisdiction on the part of the Cuyahoga County Common Pleas Court to
indict, bring to trial, and convict him of the offenses of aggravated robbery, having
weapons while under disability and theft.
The doctrine of res judicata prevents further review of the issues
relating to a preliminary hearing in the Shaker Heights Municipal Court because the
issues have already been addressed by this court on direct appeal and found to be
without merit. State v. Perry, 10 Ohio St.2d 175, 226 N.E.2d 104 (1967). Claims of
ineffective assistance of appellate counsel in an application for reopening may be
barred from further review by the doctrine of res judicata unless circumstances
render the application of the doctrine unjust. State v. Murnahan, 63 Ohio St.3d 60,
584 N.E.2d 1204 (1992); State v. Logan, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 88472, 2008-Ohio-
1934; State v. Tate, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 81682, 2004-Ohio-973.
This court, in the appellate opinion journalized March 17, 2022, held:
In his third assignment of error, Peterson claims he was denied due
process based on purported defects in a municipal court proceeding
that is not before us. He asserts that the criminal complaint filed in the
Shaker Heights Municipal Court was defective and that he was
improperly denied a preliminary hearing. In the case before us,
Peterson’s convictions are predicated upon an indictment that he does
not challenge.
State v. Peterson, supra at ¶ 21.
In addition, this court addressed the issues relating to the trial court’s
jurisdiction upon the return of a valid indictment and held:
Moreover, we note that Peterson’s arguments are otherwise meritless.
“The jurisdiction of the court is invoked by the return of a valid
indictment and is not based on the process by which an accused is taken
into custody or the findings made on the preliminary examination.”
Dowell v. Maxwell, 174 Ohio St. 289, 290, 189 N.E.2d 95 (1963); see
also State v. Walker, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 28970, 2021-Ohio-
3053, ¶ 36 (“the issuance of a grand jury indictment renders any defect
in the complaint moot”); State v. Rogers, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 17AP-
610, 2018-Ohio-1073, ¶ 13 (“the issuance of a grand jury indictment
renders any defect in the complaint or warrant moot”); State v. Hess,
7th Dist. Jefferson No. 02 JE 36, 2003-Ohio-6721, ¶ 17 (“An indictment
generally renders any defects in the proceedings arising from the
complaint moot”).
Peterson at ¶ 22.
We further find that the circumstances do not render the application
of the doctrine of res judicata unjust. Peterson has failed to establish any prejudice
through the issues raised in support of his claim of ineffective assistance of appellate
counsel. State v. Gulley, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 109045, 2020-Ohio-4746; State v.
Lester, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 105992, 2018-Ohio-5154.
Application for reopening is denied.
________________________
EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, JUDGE
ANITA LASTER MAYS, P.J., and
LISA B. FORBES, J., CONCUR