State v. Allen , 2022 Ohio 3996 ( 2022 )

[Cite as State v. Allen, 2022-Ohio-3996.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
TENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
State of Ohio, :
Plaintiff-Appellee, :
No. 22AP-258
v. : (C.P.C. No. 21CR-3189)
Jeffrey R. Allen, Jr., : (REGULAR CALENDAR)
Defendant-Appellant. :
D E C I S I O N
Rendered on November 8, 2022
On brief: G. Gary Tyack, Prosecuting Attorney, and
Taylor M. Mick, for appellee. Argued: Taylor M. Mick.
On brief: Blaise G. Baker, for appellant.
APPEAL from the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas
KLATT, J.
{¶ 1} Defendant-appellant, Jeffrey R. Allen, Jr., appeals from a judgment of
conviction and sentence entered by the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas following
his guilty plea to one count of attempted possession of a fentanyl-related compound. For
the following reasons, we affirm.
{¶ 2} On August 6, 2021, appellant was indicted on one count of possession of a
fentanyl-related compound in violation of R.C. 2925.11, a fifth-degree felony. On
February 16, 2022, appellant entered a guilty plea to the stipulated lesser-included offense
of attempted possession of a fentanyl-related compound in violation of R.C. 2923.02 as it
relates to R.C. 2925.11, a first-degree misdemeanor. Appellant also pleaded guilty to crimes
indicted in two other Franklin County common pleas court cases. Following a presentence
No. 22AP-258 2
investigation ("PSI"), the trial court held a sentencing hearing on March 22, 2022. The trial
court sentenced appellant to a jail term of 49 days with 49 days jail-time credit and ordered
that the sentence be served concurrent with the aggregate 9-year prison sentence imposed
in the other two cases. The trial court memorialized appellant's conviction and sentence in
a judgment entry issued April 14, 2022.
{¶ 3} Appellant timely appeals, setting forth one assignment of error for our
consideration:
Defendant-Appellant was deprived of effective assistance of
counsel.
{¶ 4} Under his assignment of error, appellant contends that he was deprived of
effective assistance of counsel. Appellant argues that his counsel told him that if he plead
guilty to the charges in the instant case and the other two cases, he would receive
community control. Appellant argues that he relied on counsel's assertion in entering his
guilty pleas.
{¶ 5} To establish a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, appellant must
demonstrate that his trial counsel's performance was deficient and that the deficient
performance prejudiced him. Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984). The
failure to make either showing defeats a claim of ineffective assistance of trial counsel. Id.
at 697; State v. Martinez, 10th Dist. No. 13AP-704, 2014-Ohio-2425, ¶ 19.
{¶ 6} A guilty plea waives the right to assert ineffective assistance of counsel unless
counsel's errors affect the knowing and voluntary nature of the plea. State v. McMichael,
10th Dist. No. 11AP-1042, 2012-Ohio-3166, ¶ 14; State v. Shoulders, 3d Dist. No. 5-13-12,
2014-Ohio-435, ¶ 35 (when a defendant enters a guilty plea, a claim of ineffective assistance
of counsel may be grounds for vacating his plea only to the extent that counsel's
ineffectiveness makes the plea less than knowing and voluntary); State v. Mays, 8th Dist.
No. 89362, 174 Ohio App.3d 681, 2008-Ohio-128, ¶ 9 (when a defendant claims ineffective
assistance of counsel after entering a guilty plea, she must also show that the ineffective
assistance precluded her from entering the plea knowingly and voluntarily).
{¶ 7} The record in this case does not support appellant's assertion that he was
deprived of effective assistance of counsel. Appellant's signed guilty plea form indicates
that before entering his plea, he had been advised by counsel of his constitutional and
No. 22AP-258 3
statutory rights as well as the facts and law of his case. The form further indicates that he
understood that his guilty plea constituted both an admission of guilt and a waiver of
certain constitutional, statutory, and procedural rights. In addition, the form indicates that
the charge to which he was pleading guilty carried a maximum penalty of 180 days in jail
and/or a $1,000 fine. Moreover, the guilty plea form indicates that he had not been
threatened, promised leniency or otherwise coerced or induced into pleading guilty, that
the plea represented the free and voluntary exercise of his own will and best judgment, and
that he was satisfied with the advice provided by his counsel.
{¶ 8} Consistent with the statements provided in the plea form, appellant
acknowledged at the plea hearing that he signed the plea form after his counsel explained
it to him. He further acknowledged the trial court's assertions that the maximum jail
sentence for the first-degree misdemeanor offense to which he was pleading guilty was 180
days, that it was possible he could receive community control, but that the trial court had
made no promises regarding the sentence to be imposed. Appellant also indicated that he
understood that in entering the guilty plea, he was waiving the constitutional rights as
explained by the trial court and that he was entering the plea knowingly, voluntarily, and
intelligently.
{¶ 9} At the sentencing hearing, the prosecution argued that the statements
appellant made during his interview with the PSI report writer proved that he was not
amenable to community control and that he should be sentenced to a term of incarceration.
In response, defense counsel argued that appellant, a veteran of the armed forces, had
expressed remorse for his actions and wished to undergo treatment for his drug problem
through the Veteran's Administration ("VA"). In his address to the court, appellant
apologized for his actions and indicated he wished to avoid incarceration and get treatment
for his drug problem through the VA.
{¶ 10} Following this discussion, the trial court sentenced appellant to 49 days in
jail, awarded 49 days jail-time credit, and ordered that the sentence be served concurrent
with the aggregate 9-year prison term the court imposed in the other two cases. Thereafter,
appellant stated that "[defense counsel] told me that if I plead these out, I was getting
probation and that's why I plead out these charges." (Mar. 22, 2022 Sentencing Hearing
Tr. at 24.) Defense counsel responded, "[f]or the record, I did not - -." Id.No. 22AP-258 4
{¶ 11} As the record demonstrates, there is no evidence, aside from appellant's self-
serving statement at the conclusion of the sentencing hearing, that he was coerced into
pleading guilty by his counsel's alleged promise that he would be sentenced to community
control instead of jail time. Indeed, the signed guilty plea form states that he was not
coerced into pleading guilty, the trial court advised him at the plea hearing that although
community control was a possibility, the trial court was making no promises about the
sentence to be imposed, and defense counsel expressly refuted appellant's assertion on the
record. Further, even had counsel inaccurately predicted that appellant would be placed
on community control, appellant still cannot meet his burden of establishing deficient
performance. " ' "[A]n attorney's 'mere inaccurate prediction of a sentence' does not
demonstrate the deficiency component of an ineffective assistance of counsel claim." ' "
McMichael, 10th Dist. No. 11AP-1042, 2012-Ohio-3166, ¶ 31, quoting State v. Glass, 10th
Dist. No. 04AP-967, 2006-Ohio-229, ¶ 34, quoting United States v. Martinez, 169 F.3d
1049, 1053 (7th Cir.1999), and citing Wiant v. United States, S.D.Ohio No. 2:04-CV-256,
2005 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 48849 (July 11, 2005) ("where an adequate guilty plea hearing has
been conducted, an erroneous prediction or assurance by defense counsel regarding the
likely sentence does not constitute grounds for invalidating a guilty plea on grounds of
ineffective assistance of counsel"). Id. at *50.
{¶ 12} Moreover, even assuming that appellant could somehow demonstrate that
his counsel's advice regarding the sentence constituted deficient performance, appellant
cannot show prejudice. To establish prejudice, appellant must demonstrate "that there is
a reasonable probability that, but for counsel's errors, he would not have pleaded guilty"
and would have insisted on going to trial. State v. Xie, 62 Ohio St.3d 521, 524 (1992),
quoting Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52, 59 (1985). Although appellant's assertion that he
"plead out" to the charge because counsel told him he would get community control
arguably might demonstrate a showing that but for counsel's erroneous advice he would
not have pleaded guilty and would have insisted on going to trial, we note that appellant
was originally charged with a fifth-degree felony, pursuant to which he faced a prison
sentence of six to twelve months. R.C. 2929.14(A)(5). As a result of his plea bargain, he
was convicted of a first-degree misdemeanor, under which he faced up to six months of jail
time. R.C. 2929.24(A)(1). In addition, under the plea bargain, appellant essentially
No. 22AP-258 5
received a sentence of time served for the first-degree misdemeanor. Appellant does not
assert his innocence to the charge, nor does he provide any defense he could have raised at
trial. In light of his plea bargain and absent a claim of innocence and/or a valid defense to
the charge, we are not persuaded that it would have been a rational decision to reject the
plea bargain and proceed to trial. See Columbus v. Akbar, 10th Dist. No. 15AP-776, 2016-
Ohio-2855, ¶ 12, fn. 2.
{¶ 13} Because appellant has failed to establish either prong of his ineffective
assistance of counsel claim, we overrule his assignment of error.
{¶ 14} Having overruled appellant's sole assignment of error, we affirm the
judgment of the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas.
Judgment affirmed.
LUPER SCHUSTER, P.J., and McGRATH, J., concur.