Jacob v. Jacob , 2017 Ohio 8725 ( 2017 )

[Cite as Jacob v. Jacob, 2017-Ohio-8725.]
STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
)ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
COUNTY OF SUMMIT )
LISA JACOB C.A. No. 28293
Appellant
v. APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT
ENTERED IN THE
DAVID JACOB, TRUSTEE, Juanieta L. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
Jacob Rev. Liv. Trust COUNTY OF SUMMIT, OHIO
CASE No. 2015-CV-119
Appellee
DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY
Dated: November 29, 2017
HENSAL, Presiding Judge.
{¶1} Lisa Jacob appeals a judgment of the Summit County Court of Common Pleas,
Probate Division, that granted summary judgment to David Jacob, Trustee of the Juanieta L.
Jacob Revocable Living Trust. For the following reasons, this Court affirms.
I.
{¶2} Juanieta Jacob created a revocable living trust that named her daughter Lisa as the
successor trustee. A few years later she amended the trust to name her son David as the
successor trustee instead. The following year, she amended the trust again, specifically directing
the trustee to deduct $216,927.76 from any share that Lisa was entitled to receive after her death
and to redistribute it to the other beneficiaries of the trust.
{¶3} Following Juanieta’s death, David began administering the trust. Lisa filed a
complaint against him, alleging breach of fiduciary duty. She also requested a declaratory
judgment and an accounting of all of the income, expenses, assets, and liabilities of the trust.
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She further contested the validity of the provisions reducing her share. Following discovery,
David moved for summary judgment, which the probate court granted. Lisa appealed, and also
filed a “motion for reconsideration or, in the alternative, relief from judgment or order and
motion for order nunc pro tunc.” This Court remanded the action to the probate court so that it
could rule on Lisa’s Civil Rule 60(B) motion. The court denied her motion. Lisa subsequently
amended her notice of appeal to include the order that the probate court entered on remand. She
has assigned two errors.
II.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR I
THE PROBATE COURT COMMITTED LEGAL ERROR IN GRANTING
APPELLEE’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT, PURSUANT TO
RULE 56(C) OF THE OHIO RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, IN THAT
THERE EXISTS AN ABUNDANCE OF GENUINE ISSUES OF FACT,
REGARDING APPELLANT’S RIGHT TO AN ACCOUNTING.
{¶4} Lisa argues that the probate court incorrectly granted summary judgment on her
request for an accounting. Under Civil Rule 56(C), summary judgment is appropriate if:
(1) [n]o genuine issue as to any material fact remains to be litigated; (2) the
moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law; and (3) it appears from
the evidence that reasonable minds can come to but one conclusion, and viewing
such evidence most strongly in favor of the party against whom the motion for
summary judgment is made, that conclusion is adverse to that party.
Temple v. Wean United, Inc., 50 Ohio St.2d 317, 327 (1977). To succeed on a motion for
summary judgment, the movant bears the initial burden of demonstrating that there are no
genuine issues of material fact concerning an essential element of the opponent’s case. Dresher
v. Burt, 75 Ohio St.3d 280, 292 (1996). If the movant satisfies this burden, the nonmoving party
“must set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.” Id. at 293, quoting
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Civ.R. 56(E). This Court reviews an award of summary judgment de novo. Grafton v. Ohio
Edison Co., 77 Ohio St.3d 102, 105 (1996).
{¶5} According to Lisa, David had an obligation under Revised Code Section 5808.13
to provide her with a report of the trust’s “property, liabilities, receipts, and disbursements”
every year, which he failed to do. R.C. 5808.13(C). In his motion for summary judgment, David
argued that he satisfied his reporting obligation, pointing to a number of letters that he had sent
to the trust’s beneficiaries, including Lisa, about the status of the trust. Lisa argues that the
letters were insufficient under Section 5808.13(C) because they did not indicate the trust’s
receipts, liabilities, and other expenses, including any compensation that the trust paid to David.
{¶6} This Court has determined that a report that does not include a list of the trust’s
liabilities satisfies the reporting requirements under Section 5808.13(C) if there was nothing to
disclose. Gorby v. Aberth, 9th Dist. Summit No. 28021, 2017-Ohio-274, ¶ 21. The official
comment to Section 5808.13(C) also indicates that there is no “inference that the [trustee’s]
report must be prepared in any particular format or with a high degree of formality.” “The key
factor is not the format chosen but whether the report provides the beneficiaries with the
information necessary to protect their interests.” Id. Upon review of the documents submitted
by David, we conclude that he satisfied his initial burden under Dresher to demonstrate that he
complied with Section 5808.13(C).
{¶7} In her opposition brief, Lisa did not challenge David’s assertion that he provided
the beneficiaries with an accounting sufficient to satisfy his statutory obligation. Instead, she
focused on whether David breached his fiduciary duties by convincing Juanieta to amend the
trust a second time and whether the amendment was invalid because of a deficit in Juanieta’s
testamentary capacity. She also argued that David engaged in self-dealing by writing checks to
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himself and his wife from Juanieta’s account. The only reference that Lisa made to her
accounting claim was an assertion that, since David breached his fiduciary duties, “[i]t follows
that a proper accounting is in order.”
{¶8} Upon review of the record, we conclude that Lisa did not set forth specific facts in
her opposition to David’s motion for summary judgment that demonstrated there is a genuine
issue regarding whether the trust reports David prepared failed to include all of the trust’s
“property, liabilities, receipts, and disbursements[.]” R.C. 5808.13(C). The probate court,
therefore, correctly granted summary judgment to David on Lisa’s accounting claim. Lisa’s first
assignment of error is overruled.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR II
THE PROBATE COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN DENYING
APPELLANT’S MOTION FOR RELIEF FROM JUDGMENT OR ORDER,
PURSUANT TO RULE 60(B) OF THE OHIO RULES OF CIVIL
PROCEDURE, ON THE GROUNDS THAT (1) APPELLANT IS ENTITLED
TO AN ACCOUNTING, AND (2) THE REDUCTION OF APPELLANT’S
SHARE UNDER THE TRUST IS BASED ON A CLAIM OF SETOFF
BARRED BY THE STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS.
{¶9} Lisa next argues that the trial court incorrectly denied her post-judgment motion
under Civil Rule 60(B)(5). That rule provides that “[o]n motion and upon such terms as are just,
the court may relieve a party or his legal representative from a final judgment, order or
proceeding for * * * any * * * reason justifying relief from the judgment.” Civ.R. 60(B)(5).
To prevail on a motion brought under Civ.R. 60(B), the movant must demonstrate
that: (1) the party has a meritorious defense or claim to present if relief is
granted; (2) the party is entitled to relief under one of the grounds stated in Civ.R.
60(B)(1) through (5); and (3) the motion is made within a reasonable time * * *.
GTE Automatic Elec., Inc. v. ARC Industries, Inc., 47 Ohio St.2d 146 (1976), paragraph two of
the syllabus. “These requirements are independent and in the conjunctive; thus the test is not
fulfilled if any one of the requirements is not met.” Strack v. Pelton, 70 Ohio St.3d 172, 174
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(1994). “A motion for relief from judgment under Civ.R. 60(B) is addressed to the sound
discretion of the trial court, and that court’s ruling will not be disturbed on appeal absent a
showing of abuse of discretion.” Griffey v. Rajan, 33 Ohio St.3d 75, 77 (1987). An abuse of
discretion implies that the trial court was unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable in its ruling.
Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 219 (1983).
{¶10} Regarding her accounting claim, Lisa argues that the probate court abused its
discretion because it did not review the evidence she submitted in support of her claim, merely
writing in its order that “[a]s for the accountings, there is nothing new for the Court to consider.”
Specifically, she argues that she requested an updated accounting from David on July 21, 2016.
According to Lisa, although David assured her that an updated accounting would be forthcoming
within 10 days, she never received one.
{¶11} Lisa filed her complaint against David in August 2015. The probate court granted
summary judgment to David in June 2016. Lisa’s alleged request to David for an updated
accounting did not occur until July 2016, which was after her action had been decided. We,
therefore, conclude that Lisa has failed to demonstrate that she had a meritorious claim to present
if the probate court granted her relief under Civil Rule 60(B) on her accounting claim.
{¶12} Lisa also argues that the probate court failed to rule on her statute of limitations
argument. In her motion, Lisa noted that Juanieta had given her $550,000 in 2006 to help her
resolve her divorce. She alleged that, although she had given some of the money back, the
remainder was a gift, not a loan as David had characterized it. She argued that, even if it the
payment was a loan, the statute of limitations for seeking repayment of the loan had passed. Lisa
argues that the probate court failed to address her argument in its decision.
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{¶13} In its entry granting summary judgment to David, the probate court noted that
there was disagreement about how much money Lisa had returned to Juanieta. It only
considered that evidence, however, in examining whether Juanieta lacked testamentary capacity
to amend the trust a second time. The issue of whether Juanieta’s estate could bring a timely
action to recover the remainder of the money Juanieta transferred to Lisa during Lisa’s divorce
proceeding is irrelevant to this action. The question before the court was not why Juanieta
decided to reduce Lisa’s share of the trust, it was only whether she had the capacity to do so.
Lisa has not challenged the probate court’s conclusion that Juanieta did not develop dementia or
other cognitive problems until after she amended her trust a second time.
{¶14} Upon review of the record, we conclude that the probate court exercised proper
discretion when it denied Lisa’s motion under Civil Rule 60(B)(5). Lisa’s second assignment of
error is overruled.
III.
{¶15} Lisa Jacob’s assignments of error are overruled. The judgment of the Summit
County Court of Common Pleas, Probate Division, is affirmed.
Judgment affirmed.
There were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common
Pleas, County of Summit, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy
of this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.
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Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of
judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the
period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is
instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the
mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.
Costs taxed to Appellant.
JENNIFER HENSAL
FOR THE COURT
CALLAHAN, J.
CONCURS.
CARR, J.
CONCURS IN JUDGMENT ONLY.
APPEARANCES:
ROBERT C. MEEKER, Attorney at Law, for Appellant.
J. REID YODER and BENJAMIN R. SORBER, Attorneys at Law, for Appellee.