(Slip Opinion)
Protective Assertion of Executive Privilege
Over Unredacted Mueller Report and
Related Investigative Files
The President may make a preliminary, protective assertion of executive privilege over
the entirety of the materials subpoenaed by the Committee on the Judiciary of the
House of Representatives relating to Special Counsel Mueller’s investigation, to
ensure the President’s ability to make a final assertion, if necessary, over some or all
of the subpoenaed material.
May 8, 2019
THE PRESIDENT
THE WHITE HOUSE
Dear Mr. President:
I am writing to request that you make a protective assertion of execu-
tive privilege with respect to Department of Justice documents recently
subpoenaed by the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Repre-
sentatives. In cases like this where a committee has declined to grant
sufficient time to conduct a full review, the President may make a protec-
tive assertion of privilege to protect the interests of the Executive Branch
pending a final determination about whether to assert privilege. See
Protective Assertion of Executive Privilege Regarding White House
Counsel’s Office Documents,
20 Op. O.L.C. 1 (1996) (Reno, Att’y Gen.).
The Committee has demanded that I produce the “complete and unre-
dacted version” of the report submitted to me on March 22, 2019 by
Special Counsel Robert S. Mueller, III, regarding his investigation of
Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election. The Committee
also seeks “[a]ll documents referenced in the Report” and “[a]ll docu-
ments obtained and investigative materials created by the Special Coun-
sel’s Office.” The Committee therefore demands all of the Special Coun-
sel’s investigative files, which consist of millions of pages of classified
and unclassified documents bearing upon more than two dozen criminal
cases and investigations, many of which are ongoing. These materials
include law enforcement information, information about sensitive intelli-
gence sources and methods, and grand-jury information that the Depart-
ment is prohibited from disclosing by law.
Consistent with paragraph 5 of President Reagan’s 1982 memorandum
about assertions of executive privilege, the Department requested that the
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43 Op. O.L.C. __ (May 8, 2019)
Chairman of the Committee hold the subpoena in abeyance and delay any
vote recommending that the House of Representatives approve a resolu-
tion finding me in contempt of Congress for failing to comply with the
subpoena, pending a final presidential decision on whether to invoke
executive privilege. See Memorandum for the Heads of Executive De-
partments and Agencies, Re: Procedures Governing Responses to Con-
gressional Requests for Information at 2 (Nov. 4, 1982). The Department
made this request because, although the subpoenaed materials assuredly
include categories of information within the scope of executive privilege,
the Committee’s abrupt resort to a contempt vote—notwithstanding ongo-
ing negotiations about appropriate accommodations—has not allowed
sufficient time for you to consider fully whether to make a conclusive
assertion of executive privilege. The Chairman, however, has indicated
that he intends to proceed with the markup session scheduled at 10:00
a.m. today on a resolution recommending a finding of contempt against
me for failing to produce the requested materials.
In these circumstances, you may properly assert executive privilege
with respect to the entirety of the Department of Justice materials that
the Committee has demanded, pending a final decision on the matter. As
with President Clinton’s assertion in 1996, you would be making only a
preliminary, protective assertion of executive privilege designed to
ensure your ability to make a final assertion, if necessary, over some or
all of the subpoenaed materials. See Protective Assertion of Executive
Privilege, 20 Op. O.L.C. at 1. As the Attorney General and head of the
Department of Justice, I hereby respectfully request that you do so.
WILLIAM P. BARR
Attorney General
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