Demman v. Demman , 195 Mich. App. 109 ( 1992 )

Jansen, J.

Defendant, Robert Anthony Dem-man, appeals as of right from the June 3, 1988, judgment of divorce entered by the Monroe Circuit Court. After review of the record, we affirm.

Defendant contends that the award of alimony to plaintiff was improper because she makes more money than him, has more seniority on the job, has a house payment roughly one-half the size of his rent payment, and because plaintiff is likely cured of cancer, thereby obviating the necessity of awarding alimony to cover future medical expenses or loss of income due to the illness. Defendant contends that the award of alimony was punitive. We disagree with defendant.

An award of alimony is within the trial court’s discretion. Pelton v Pelton, 167 Mich App 22, 27; 421 NW2d 560 (1988); Ackerman v Ackerman, 163 Mich App 796, 803; 414 NW2d 919 (1987). This Court reviews an alimony order de novo, but will not modify an award unless convinced that, had it been in the position of the trial court, it would have reached a different result. Pelton, p 27; Ackerman, p 804; Burkey v Burkey (On Rehearing), 189 Mich App 72, 79; 471 NW2d 631 (1991).

A court may award alimony in a divorce action "as it considers just and reasonable,” after considering the ability of either party to pay, the character and situation of the parties, and all other circumstances in the case. Ackerman, p 803. Several relevant factors should be considered by the court, including, but not limited to, the past relations and conduct of the parties, the length of the marriage, the ability of the parties to work, the ages of the parties, the needs of the parties, the health of the parties, and general principles of equity. Id. In addition, a party’s fault in causing the divorce is a valid consideration in awarding alimony. Kurz v Kurz, 178 Mich App 284, 295; 443 NW2d 782 (1989).

As the trial court noted, at the time it entered the judgment of divorce, plaintiff was forty-seven years old and defendant was forty-six years old. The marriage had lasted twenty-three years, during which time plaintiff mothered two children to adulthood. Defendant described plaintiff as a good wife and mother. Defendant was in apparent good health, while plaintiff undisputably was in poor health. Plaintiff’s "health and future are precarious.” Plaintiff had a "nightmarish” bout with cancer and it is certain that she will have to undergo further reconstructive procedures in the future. The marital relationship, combined with plaintiff’s poor health, has taken an emotional toll on her as well.

Plaintiff wprked six days a week while defendant went to college during the early years of their marriage. Plaintiff’s earnings contributed substantially to defendant’s obtaining a professional degree. Plaintiff returned to work three weeks after the birth of their first child, six weeks after the birth of their second child, and she continued to work throughout the marriage.

The trial court found that defendant’s "actions and uncaring attitude caused the marital breakup.” It is clear that defendant had at least one extramarital affair, and possibly a second. The record indicates that defendant had decided to go his own way after the children were raised. The trial court determined that an award of alimony was required to ensure the maintenance of plaintiff’s prior standard of living. As the court noted: "It is essential to plaintiffs well-being that the causes of acute anxiety in her remaining years be reduced.”

Had we sat in the place of the trial court, we would not have reached a different conclusion regarding the award of alimony to plaintiff. The record supports the trial court’s award of alimony to plaintiff, and its findings in this regard were not clearly erroneous. Beason v Beason, 435 Mich 791; 460 NW2d 207 (1990). Additionally, and contrary to defendant’s assertion, the record is devoid of any evidence that the trial court awarded alimony to plaintiff as a punitive measure. There was no abuse of discretion in this regard. Pelton, supra.

Defendant next contends that consideration by the trial court of defendant’s inheritance as a joint marital asset was inappropriate. Defendant argues that plaintiff did nothing to procure or preserve the inheritance, and the first distribution of assets comprising the inheritance came after plaintiff filed for divorce. We are of the opinion that, under the given facts of this case, it was within the trial court’s discretion to include in its calculation of marital assets the disbursement of inheritance made to defendant in 1986.

In support of defendant’s argument, he relies upon Grotelueschen v Grotelueschen, 113 Mich App 395; 318 NW2d 227 (1982). A reading of Grotelueschen indicates that the decision to include inheritance in the valuation of marital assets is discretionary and is dependent upon the particular circumstances of a given case. This Court, quoting from Charlton v Charlton, 397 Mich 84, 94; 243 NW2d 261 (1976), stated that an inheritance may be treated as part of the marital estate "if an award otherwise was insufficient to maintain either party.” Grotelueschen, p 400.

In the present case, the trial court concluded that plaintiff would be unable to maintain her standard of living without alimony, even under a property division that took into account approximately one-half of defendant’s entire inheritance. Therefore, the trial court decided to include in the calculation of the marital estate only $150,000 of defendant’s inheritance, which represents the value of disbursements made to defendant in 1986. Under the circumstances of this case, the inclusion of the $150,000 inheritance was necessary for the maintenance of plaintiff. We believe this to be a valid exercise of the court’s discretion.

Defendant also claims that plaintiff was not entitled to an award of attorney fees. It has long been the general rule that a trial court possesses broad discretion relative to the grant of attorney fees in a divorce case. Vollmer v Vollmer, 187 Mich App 688, 690; 468 NW2d 236 (1991).

The trial court did not specifically state its reasons for believing that plaintiff should be awarded attorney fees in order to prosecute the litigation. However, the trial court did note that, in light of the property division that was made, it would not be fair to award to plaintiff the entire amount of attorney fees sought. The trial court then awarded plaintiff an amount that "would be, fair.”

It is our opinion that, on the basis of the evidence of plaintiff’s monthly expenses and her need for alimony, the trial court properly exercised its discretion in this matter. Vollmer, supra. We find no error in the award of attorney fees to plaintiff.

Lastly, defendant contends that the trial court abused its discretion in awarding plaintiff seventy-four percent of the marital estate, while at the same time only awarding defendant twenty-six percent. We cannot agree with defendant. The division of marital assets in a divorce proceeding is left to the sound discretion of the trial court. Nielsen v Nielsen, 179 Mich App 698, 699; 446 NW2d 356 (1989). Appellate review is de novo, and this Court will not substitute its judgment for that of the trial court unless it. is convinced that it would have reached a different result. Burkey, p 78.

Our review of the record indicates that the division of the marital estate is nearly equal on each side. Although removal of defendant’s inheritance from consideration would skew the percentages in the fashion suggested by defendant, resort to such calculations by defendant is unavailing because we have determined that the inclusion of his inheritance in the property calculation was a valid exercise of the trial court’s discretion.

The objective of a property settlement is to reach a fair and equitable division in light of all the circumstances. Ackerman, p 807; Pelton, p 26. No mathematical formula governs the division, and the division need not be equal, but only equitable. Ackerman, p 807; Pelton, p 26.

In the present case, we are of the opinion that the division of the marital estate was fair and equitable, given the circumstances of this case. We find no abuse of discretion.

Affirmed.

T. J. Lesinski, J., concurred.