AMERICAN SERVICE & SUPPLY CO. INC. v. Raby , 348 Mass. 720 ( 1965 )

348 Mass. 720 (1965) 206 N.E.2d 94

AMERICAN SERVICE AND SUPPLY COMPANY, INC.
vs.
HOMER W. RABY & another.

Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, Suffolk.

December 9, 1964. March 16, 1965. April 1, 1965.

Present: WILKINS, C.J., WHITTEMORE, CUTTER, KIRK, & REARDON, JJ.

Mitchell Mabardi, for the plaintiff, submitted a brief.

No argument or brief for the defendants.

WILKINS, C.J.

After the defendants, husband and wife, were defaulted in this action of contract on two promissory notes, the case came on to be heard on a motion for counsel fees as provided in the notes. The motion was denied, and the plaintiff excepted. The judge gave no reason for his ruling, so far as disclosed by the bill of exceptions. In response to an order of this court for a statement of any findings or rulings which he may have made, the judge reports that he ruled as he did because the plaintiff presented no evidence in support of the motion. The report recites that no defendant was present or represented by counsel, but this was to be expected following a default for failure to answer.

The notes were made payable to Metropolitan Food Co. Inc. and assigned to the plaintiff. The defendants were sold a food freezer for $649.95 plus $123.40 in finance charges, totaling $773.35. They made a down payment of $32.95, leaving a balance of $740.40, which is the face amount of the first note. The defendants have been credited with $171.85 on this note, leaving a balance of $568.55. The second note in the face amount of $228.52 was for frozen foods. The defendants have paid $77.13 on this note, leaving a balance of $151.39. When the defendants became in default on their payments on both notes, suit was instituted.

The provision for counsel fees reads: "In the event this note shall not be paid in full when it shall become due, the undersigned agree to pay all costs and expenses of collection including attorney fees of 15% of the amount unpaid, if such are permitted by law."

"The parties to a promissory note may contract for the payment of costs of collection or attorney's fees in case the note is not paid at maturity and is turned over to an attorney for collection. They may contract that in such event the holder may recover a reasonable amount for attorney's fees or an amount to be fixed by a definite per cent of the principal or the principal and interest then due on the note." Leventhal v. Krinsky, 325 Mass. 336, 341. See Rockland-Atlas Natl. Bank v. Murphy, 329 Mass. 755, 759-760; Gramatan Natl. Bank & Trust Co. v. Montgomery, 343 Mass. 129, 130. In the Leventhal case we adopted what we described as a prevailing view that "a provision fixing the attorney's fee as a certain per cent of the principal or of the principal and interest ... [is] good, at least unless it clearly appears that it is so unconscionable and oppressive as to amount to a penalty or that it is a device to circumvent the usury statutes" (p. 342). Nothing of that sort is contended here.

There was error in denying the motion for counsel fees on the ground that no testimony was offered.

Exceptions sustained.