Dickinson County Memorial Hospital Corp. v. Johnson , 248 Iowa 392 ( 1957 )

80 N.W.2d 756 (1957)

DICKINSON COUNTY MEMORIAL HOSPITAL CORPORATION and Allen Arnold, Appellees,
v.
E. O. JOHNSON, G. C. Ruwe, L. E. Hendricks, the Dickinson County Election Canvassers and The Board of Supervisors of Dickinson County, Iowa, Appellants,
C. H. Arthur, Intervenor-Appellant.

No. 49177.

Supreme Court of Iowa.

February 5, 1957.

Jack H. Bedell, of Spirit Lake, for appellants.

K. B. Welty, of Spirit Lake, for intervener-appellant.

Peter B. Narey and W. B. Bedell, of Spirit Lake, for appellees.

OLIVER, Justice.

In accordance with the provisions of Chapter 347, Code of Iowa 1954, I.C.A., the board of supervisors submitted to the voters of Dickinson County, at the (next) general election in November, 1956, a proposition properly presented to said board, to establish a county public hospital and to borrow money to pay for the site, hospital and equipment, by issuing bonds, and levying a tax to pay the principal and interest thereof. Following the election, the canvass of the votes upon the proposition showed 3,748, "yes" votes and 2,382 "no" votes. Based upon these figures the proposition carried by more than 60% of the total vote. However, there were also 91 blank ballots and 91 improperly marked, rejected ballots. If these were included in the total, the affirmative votes were less than 60% thereof.

The board of supervisors refused to declare the proposition carried by the required 60% and plaintiffs brought mandamus to compel the board to make such declaration and to give notice accordingly. C. H. Arthur intervened on behalf of the defendants. Upon trial the court adjudged that the proposition in question carried at the election by more than 60% of the votes, and ordered the board to so declare and to publish notice as provided by law. Defendants and Intervenor have appealed.

Chapter 347, Code of Iowa 1954, I.C.A., is entitled, "County Public Hospitals." Section 347.3 provides that, upon presentation of a proper petition to the board of supervisors, it shall submit to the voters of the county, at the next general election the question of issuing bonds and levying a tax for such hospital. Section 347.5 states in part: "Should a majority of all the votes cast upon the proposition at a general election be in favor of establishing such hospital," the board shall proceed to issue the bonds, etc.

However, after the adoption of the foregoing statutes the legislature had enacted what is now Code, § 75.1, I.C.A., which provides:

"Bonds—election—vote required. When a proposition to authorize an issuance of bonds by a county, * * * is submitted to the electors, such proposition shall not be deemed carried or adopted, anything in the statutes to the contrary notwithstanding, unless the vote in favor of such authorization is equal to at least sixty percent of the total vote cast for and against said proposition at said election."

This statute is here applicable and it increases the affirmative vote required to carry the proposition, from a majority, to sixty percent. Waugh v. Shirer, 216 Iowa 468, 249 N.W. 246.

The distinguished trial court held that, in computing "the total vote cast for and against said proposition" the blank ballots and the improperly marked, rejected ballots should not be included. The quoted language of the statute appears to require that conclusion and the weight of authority supports it. Obviously, a blank ballot is not a vote for or against a proposition and should not be counted on either side. Nor may a ballot be counted which is denied recognition because it is found to be invalid as not properly marked, or for some other reason.

The noun "vote" is sometimes defined as the formal expression, by one legally qualified, of his choice for or against a proposition. See 29 C.J.S., Elections, § 19; 44 Words and Phrases, Vote, page 452. When such formal expression is authorized by law, it must be made in the form and manner prescribed by law. Hence, a ballot which is properly rejected for noncompliance therewith is not, strictly speaking, a vote, and, of course, may not be counted for or against the proposition in question.

The text in 64 C.J.S., Municipal Corporations, § 1927, p. 543, states:

"In ascertaining the total number of votes cast on a proposition to issue municipal bonds it is proper and necessary to count the legal and intelligible ballots found in the ballot box at the close of the polls, and to disregard ballots which are blank, or unintelligible, or which bear distinguishing marks, or which are for any reason illegal. * * *."

18 Am.Jur. 342, Elections, section 246, states: "The weight of authority adheres to the view that * * * blank and illegal ballots should be rejected in computing the number of votes."

As pointed out in Kellams v. Compton, Mo., 206 S.W.2d 498, 499, 4 A.L.R. 2d 612, 614, 615:

"``Votes cast on the proposition' and ``voting thereon' are to be construed in their ordinary and usual sense and they mean ``"expressing the will, mind or preference; casting, or giving a vote."' They do not include votes or ballots that do not cast a vote on the proposition. Illegal or void votes may not be counted, either for or against the proposition submitted, even though they may have been received, placed in the ballot box and constitute some of the total number of ballots."

Among other like decisions are: Attorney General v. Board of Sup'rs, 166 Mich. 61, 131 N.W. 163; Greathouse v. Dix Rural High School Dist., 155 Neb. 883, 54 N.W.2d 58, 61; In re Contest of Le Sueur Election, 127 Minn. 318, 149 N.W. 472; Mueller v. Holter, 46 S.D. 535, 194 N.W. 844; King v. McAlester, Okl., 273 P.2d 139; Board of Education of Oklahoma City v. Woodworth, 89 Okl. 192, 214 P. 1077; State ex rel. Short v. Clausen, 72 Wash. 409, 130 P. 479, 45 L.R.A.,N.S., 714; State ex rel. Hungate v. Topeka, 68 Kan. 177, 74 P. 647; Catlett v. Knoxville, S. E. Ry. Co., 120 Tenn. 699, 112 S.W. 559; Port of Palm Beach Dist. v. State, 156 Fla. 99, 22 So. 2d 581; State ex rel. McCue v. Blaisdell, 18 N.D. 31, 119 N.W. 360; Armstrong v. City of Hartford, 138 Conn. 545, 86 A.2d 489. Many other decisions are shown in an annotation in 131 A.L.R. 1382 et seq.

Of the holdings which do not accord with those cited herein, none, called to our attention, is based upon statutory language like that of Code, § 75.1, I.C.A.

It is our conclusion the trial court was correct in excluding the rejected and the blank ballots from the count, and in adjudging the proposition was carried by the required vote and ordering that the board of supervisors so declare and publish.

Affirmed.

All Justices concur.