Elliott v. Rhodes , 2011 Ohio 339 ( 2011 )

[Cite as Elliott v. Rhodes, 2011-Ohio-339.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
PICKAWAY COUNTY
KELLY ELLIOTT, nka
ELLIOTT-RODGERS, :
Plaintiff-Appellee, : Case No. 10CA26
vs. :
JOHN RHODES, : DECISION AND JUDGMENT ENTRY
Defendant-Appellant. :
_________________________________________________________________
APPEARANCES:
APPELLANT PRO SE: John Rhodes, 439 John Street, Circleville, Ohio
43113
COUNSEL FOR APPELLEE: Michael D. Hess, 214 South Court Street, Suite 200,
P.O. Box 682, Circleville, Ohio 43113
_________________________________________________________________
CIVIL APPEAL FROM COMMON PLEAS COURT
DATE JOURNALIZED: 1-20-11
ABELE, J.
{¶ 1} This is an appeal from a Pickaway County Common Pleas Court, Juvenile
Division, judgment that ordered John Rhodes, defendant below and appellant herein, to
pay monthly child support.
1
{¶ 2} Appellant raises the following assignments of error for review:
1
Appellant’s brief does not contain a dedicated section that delineates specific
assignments of error. We have reviewed his “statement of issues” and “arguments
and authorities cited” and have extracted what we interpret to be the assignments of
error from the “arguments and authorities cited” section.
PICKAWAY, 10CA26 2
FIRST ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“‘COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, PICKAWAY COUNTY,
JUVENILE DIVISION ERRED AND ABUSED ITS
DISCRETION BY IMPUTING THE
DEFENDANT’S-APPELLANT’S INCOME TO WAGES THAT
THE DEFENDANT IS NO LONGER EARNING DUE TO
COLLECTING UNEMPLOYMENT. DEFENDANT’S
UNEMPLOYMENT WAS NOT VOLUNTARY.’ DECISION
IS CONTRARY TO LAW. ALSO ‘COURT OF COMMON
PLEAS, PICKAWAY COUNTY, JUVENILE DIVISION
ERRED AND ABUSED ITS DISCRETION BY IGNORING
THE DEFENDANTS [SIC] DOCTOR’S NOTE INDICATING
THAT HE COULD NOT LIFT MORE THAN 10 POUNDS
AND THEREFORE RENDERING HIM UNABLE TO
PERFORM THE TYPE OF WORK THE DEFENDANT DID
PRIOR TO BEING UNEMPLOYED.’”
SECOND ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“DUE TO THE MANIFEST WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE
‘COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, PICKAWAY COUNTY,
JUVENILE DIVISION ERRED AND ABUSED ITS
DISCRETION BY RELYING UPON TESTIMONY[,]
EVIDENCE, AND IMPROPER DOCUMENTATION TO
VERIFY PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE’S INCOME TO
DETERMINE THE PLAINTIFF’S GROSS INCOME.”2
THIRD ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“CONTRARY TO LAW ‘COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
ERRED AND ABUSED IT’S [SIC] DISCRETION BY NOT
INCLUDING WITH THE CHILD SUPPORT ORDER
SPECIFIC PROVISIONS FOR PARENTING TIME AND
VISITATION.’”
FOURTH ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“‘COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, PICKAWAY COUNTY,
JUVENILE DIVISION SPECIFICALLY MAGISTRATE
2
Appellant places a quotation mark beginning with “Court” above, but does not
indicate where the quotation ends.
PICKAWAY, 10CA26 3
HARSHA, AND THE CLERK OF COURTS ERRED AND
ABUSED ITS DISCRETION HEARING ANY AND ALL
MOTIONS, AND LEGAL MATTERS RELATED TO THE
PLAINTIFF.’”
FIFTH ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“‘COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, PICKAWAY COUNTY,
JUVENILE DIVISION ERRED AND ABUSED ITS
DISCRETION BY NEGLECTING TO ACKNOWLEDGE THE
DEFENDANT’S REQUEST FOR A SHARED PARENTING
DECREE SUPPORTED BY A PARENTING PLAN.’”
{¶ 3} Appellee and appellant are the biological parents of three children. On
December 6, 2006, Pickaway County Job and Family Services filed a complaint to
establish an order of support on behalf of plaintiff below and appellee herein, Kelly
3
Elliott, and her three minor children.
{¶ 4} On December 8, 2006, appellee filed a “custody complaint” and a motion
for temporary custody.4 Appellee alleged that the children presently reside with her,
but no order has allocated parental rights and responsibilities. Appellee requested the
court to designate her the legal custodian of the children and to enter a child support
award.
5
{¶ 5} On December 21, 2006, appellant filed a pro se complaint for visitation.
Appellant requested reasonable companionship rights with the children. He also
3
This case was captioned as “State of Ohio ex rel. Pickaway County Job &
Family Services v. John Rhodes” and assigned case number 20640274.
4
These two documents do not bear case numbers and the caption is “Kelly L.
Elliott vs. John R. Rhodes.” Nonetheless, the clerk filed these documents in the child
support matter.
5
Appellant designated the caption as brought “In the Matter of [the three
children].” The clerk designated his complaint with the same case number as the child
support complaint and appellee’s custody complaint.
PICKAWAY, 10CA26 4
sought temporary custody of the children during the pendency of the case.
{¶ 6} On December 22, 2006, the magistrate entered a child support order that
directed appellant to pay $231.21 per child in monthly child support. The magistrate
subsequently entered temporary orders that designated appellee the residential parent
and granted appellant companionship time. The magistrate further modified
appellant’s total monthly child support obligation to $216.08.
{¶ 7} On April 2, 2007, appellant filed a motion and requested the court to
designate him the residential parent and legal custodian. The magistrate issued an
interim order that designated appellant the children’s “temporary custodian for school
placement” and suspending his child support obligation.
{¶ 8} On April 11, 2008, the trial court adopted the parties’ agreed shared
parenting plan, under which the children reside primarily with appellant and appellee
pays child support.
{¶ 9} On July 1, 2009, appellee filed a motion to modify the allocation of
parental rights and responsibilities and requested the court designate her the residential
parent and legal custodian.
{¶ 10} On November 12, 2009, the magistrate designated appellee the
residential parent and legal custodian of the parties’ minor children. The order further
stated that appellee “waives all child support payments until February 15, 2010.” The
magistrate also terminated appellee’s child support obligation.
{¶ 11} On February 19, 2010, appellant filed a “motion for modification or
termination of child support.”
PICKAWAY, 10CA26 5
{¶ 12} On April 25, 2010, the magistrate directed appellant to pay child support in
the amount of $592.10 per month plus $134.33 per month for cash medical support
when private health insurance is not provided. When, however, health insurance is
provided, the magistrate ordered that appellant pay $727.25 in monthly child support.
In reaching her decision, the magistrate found that: (1) appellee earns $19,863 per
year; (2) appellant is unemployed and receives $16,952 in annual unemployment; (3)
appellant lost his job due to tardiness; (4) when appellant was employed, he earned
$32,240 annually; and (5) appellant’s doctor stated that appellant is not to lift more than
ten pounds due to his medical condition. The magistrate thereupon determined that:
(1) the doctor’s note did not establish that appellant is disabled and unable to work; and
(2) appellant lost his employment “due to his conduct, not due to any outside or
uncontrollable forces.” Thus, the magistrate imputed $15,288 in income to appellant.
{¶ 13} On May 6, 2010, appellant filed pro se objections to the magistrate’s
decision. He stated:
“I would like to know why doctors [sic] note was’nt [sic] reconized
[sic] by court. I never said I was disabled. According to paperwork
received states that a hearing was heard on 4-22-10 and I was there, I
didnt even know there was a hearing. I have an appointment with Adena
Bone and Joint on 5-20-10, to be scheduled for another MRI. I would like
a chance for courts to take my herniated/bulging disc into consideration.
Court paper say I was terminated due to my conduct. Unemployment
determined * * * I was discharged without just cause.”
{¶ 14} On May 14, 2010, appellant filed a motion and requested the magistrate
and the trial court judge to recuse themselves. Appellant additionally requested that
future hearings and motions be heard before Judge Knece and that the filing of all
documents be transferred to the Clerk for Judge Knece. On May 19, 2010, appellant
PICKAWAY, 10CA26 6
then filed a motion for shared parenting.
6
{¶ 15} On June 29, 2010, the trial court adopted the magistrate’s decision and
ordered appellant to pay $737.25 in monthly child support as long as private health
insurance is maintained for the children. When, however, no health insurance is
provided, appellant shall pay $592.10 per month for child support and $134.33 for cash
medical support. The court imputed $15,228 in income to appellant in order “to bring
his income to the level it was prior to his termination [from employment.]” The court
further determined that appellant was not disabled or unable to work. The court stated
that its entry is a final appealable order and also stated: “All until further order of this
Court.”
{¶ 16} On July 2, 2010, appellant filed a document in which he objected to the
trial court’s June 29, 2010 decision because he “was under the impression we were
going back before Judge Knece with regards to this matter when I had the transcripts
from the April 6, and April 22, 2010 court dates.” On July 2, 2010, appellant filed
another motion and requested the court to recuse itself. On July 28, 2010,
appellant filed a notice of appeal from the trial court’s June 29, 2010 order.
{¶ 17} Before we consider the merits of appellant’s appeal, we must determine
whether the trial court’s June 29, 2010 order constitutes a final appealable order. An
appellate court’s jurisdiction over trial court judgments extends only to final orders.
Ohio Const. Art. IV, Section 3(B)(2). Section 2505.02(B)(2) defines “a final order that
6
We observe that the trial court did not enter an order to specifically address
PICKAWAY, 10CA26 7
may be reviewed, affirmed, modified, or reversed” as one that “affects a substantial
right made in a special proceeding * * *.” “An order affects a substantial right if, in the
absence of an immediate appeal, one of the parties would be foreclosed from
appropriate relief in the future.” Koroshazi v. Koroshazi (1996), 110 Ohio App. 3d 637,
640, 674 N.E.2d 1266, citing Bell v. Mt. Sinai Med. Ctr. (1993), 67 Ohio St. 3d 60, 63,
616 N.E.2d 181. To constitute a final order, the order must dispose of the whole case
or some separate and distinct branch. See, e.g., Noble v. Colwell (1989), 44 Ohio
St.3d 92, 94, 540 N.E.2d 1381. In general, when an order does not contemplate
further action and no other related issues remain pending, the order normally
constitutes a final order. See In re H.T.-W., Lucas App. No. L-10-1027,
2010-Ohio-1714, at ¶7; see, also, Christian v. Johnson, Summit App. No. 24327,
2009-Ohio-3863.
{¶ 18} The case sub judice began as a complaint to establish child support. It
then morphed into a back-and-forth child custody and support dispute. The trial court
apparently resolved the most recent round involving child support, but it appears that it
did not resolve the most recent pending custody issue. See Kouns v. Pemberton
(1992), 84 Ohio App. 3d 499, 501, 617 N.E.2d 701 (trial court granted custody
modification, but deferred child support issue for further determination did not constitute
a final appealable order). Accordingly, because this case includes multiple claims and
the trial court’s decision did not resolve all pending issues, we do not believe that the
appellant’s objections.
PICKAWAY, 10CA26 8
court’s decision constitutes a final appealable order.7 Moreover, the trial court’s
decision states “until further order,” thus arguably contemplating further action. We
recognize that the court’s ruling on appellant’s pending custody modification may
impact its child support ruling, in which case this appeal would be moot. Therefore, it
would be a waste of judicial resources to address appellant’s present arguments
concerning child support.
{¶ 19} Accordingly, we hereby dismiss this appeal.
APPEAL DISMISSED.
7
The trial court did not enter a specific order to address appellant’s objections.
The Ninth District has adopted the position that “‘[w]hen a trial court enters judgment on
a magistrate’s decision, but fails to explicitly rule on a party’s objections, that judgment
does not constitute a final, appealable order because it does not fully determine the
action.’” In re Strickler, Lorain App. No. 09CA9692, 2010-Ohio-2277, at 5, quoting In
re Strickler, Lorain App. Nos. 08CA009375 and 08CA009393, 2008-Ohio-5813, at ¶7-8.
The Ninth District requires a trial court to specifically and explicitly resolve each
objection in order for a court’s judgment that adopted a magistrate’s decision to
constitute a final, appealable order. Other courts have declined to adopt this position.
See In re Estate of Knowlton, Hamilton App. No. C-050728, 2006-Ohio-4905; Chan v.
TASR, Total Abatement Specialist & Remodelers, Hamilton App. No. C-070275,
2008-Ohio-1439. Although we need not adopt either position, we do believe that “the
better practice is to clearly set forth an explicit ruling on the objections.” In re Adoption
of S.R.A., Franklin App. No. 09AP-1096, 2010-Ohio-4435, at 20.
PICKAWAY, 10CA26 9
JUDGMENT ENTRY
It is ordered that the appeal be dismissed and that appellee recover of appellant
costs herein taxed.
The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing the Pickaway
County Common Pleas Court, Juvenile Division, to carry this judgment into execution.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute that mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of
the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Kline, J. & McFarland, J.: Concur in Judgment & Opinion
For the Court
BY:
Peter B. Abele, Judge
PICKAWAY, 10CA26 10
NOTICE TO COUNSEL
Pursuant to Local Rule No. 14, this document constitutes a final judgment entry
and the time period for further appeal commences from the date of filing with the clerk.