State v. Maschke ( 2012 )

[Cite as State v. Maschke, 2012-Ohio-4473.]
COURT OF APPEALS
MORROW COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO : JUDGES:
:
: Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, P.J.
Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. John W. Wise, J.
: Hon. Julie A. Edwards, J.
-vs- :
: Case No. 11-CA-12
GEORGE R. MASCHKE :
:
:
Defendant-Appellant : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Morrow County Court of
Common Pleas, Case No. 2010-CR--142
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: September 24, 2012
APPEARANCES:
For Appellant: For Appellee:
JAVIER H. ARMENGAU CHARLES HOWLAND
857 South High Street MORROW COUNTY PROSECUTOR
Columbus, OH 43206 JOCELYN STEFANCIN
60 East High Street
Mt. Gilead, OH 43338
[Cite as State v. Maschke, 2012-Ohio-4473.]
Delaney, J.
{¶1} Appellant George R. Maschke appeals his conviction in the Morrow
County Court of Common Pleas on one count of aggravated vehicular homicide and
one count of O.V.I. Appellee is the state of Ohio.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
{¶2} This case arose when appellant struck and killed Michelle Golden, a
pedestrian, on August 6, 2010 at approximately 8:30 p.m. near the intersection of
Denman Road and County Road 37 (Steam Corners Road) in Morrow County.
Appellant’s blood alcohol content was later determined to be .177.
{¶3} This intersection is near the Mid-Ohio race track, and races for the day
had ended. Co. Rd. 37 is a two-lane highway and does not have any markings for
pedestrian traffic. The speed limit is 55 miles per hour. It was still daylight and the
amount of traffic had lessened.
Richard Barbour’s Account
{¶4} Victim Michelle Golden drove her S.U.V. from the general direction of the
race track. Witness Richard Barbour, who had parked on Co. Rd. 37 to make a phone
call, watched Golden park her vehicle, grab a camera, and jump out. She crossed Co.
Rd. 37 and then stood near the north edge of the road, taking a photograph. Barbour
finished his phone call, pulled forward to a stop sign, and looked right and left to check
traffic. A car passed by, traveling in the direction of the track, and then suddenly,
Barbour saw Golden’s camera fly 15 to 20 feet in the air, and Golden was no longer
standing in the roadway. Barbour had seen appellant’s car pass by but did not see
the moment when it struck Golden.
Morrow County, Case No. 11-CA-12 3
{¶5} A number of witnesses stopped in the immediate aftermath of the
collision and attempted to render emergency assistance to Golden, but Golden’s
injuries were fatal. Upon autopsy, Golden’s cause of death was determined to be
blunt head trauma due to contact with a motor vehicle. Specifically, Golden suffered a
significant skull fracture and fractured ribs. The source of these injuries is consistent
with impact from a motor vehicle collision.
Appellant’s Demeanor at the Scene
{¶6} In the midst of the efforts to save Golden, appellant returned to the
scene of the collision. Witnesses observed him park his car, and noticed the right side
of his windshield was broken and his right front fender was damaged.
{¶7} Appellant asked witnesses what happened and what he hit. Witnesses
described his demeanor after the collision as frightened and shocked; he told at least
one witness he didn’t see the person he hit. He told others he thought he struck a
deer or that someone had thrown something at his windshield.
Evidence of Appellant’s Impairment
{¶8} A number of law enforcement agencies were present at the crash scene.
Sgt. Justin Hurlbert of the Ohio State Highway Patrol noted appellant’s flushed face,
glassy and bloodshot eyes, and detected the strong odor of an alcoholic beverage
coming from appellant’s vehicle and also from appellant’s person. Appellant was
unsteady on his feet.
{¶9} Appellant was put through a series of field sobriety tests at the scene.
On the horizontal gaze nystagmus test, investigators detected 6 out of 6 clues of
impairment. Appellant failed the one-leg stand test with two out of four signs of
Morrow County, Case No. 11-CA-12 4
impairment. Finally, on the walk-and-turn test, appellant exhibited 5 out of 8 signs of
impairment. Investigators concluded appellant operated his motor vehicle under the
influence of alcohol and placed him under arrest.
{¶10} Investigators intended to seek a chemical test to determine the level of
appellant’s impairment, and noticed he wore a court-ordered ankle bracelet. Appellant
told officers he was on probation. Contact was made with a probation officer who
stated appellant was required to comply with any requests by law enforcement as a
term of his probation.
{¶11} Appellant was taken to Galion Community Hospital, consented to a blood
draw, and a sample was obtained. The sample was submitted to the Ohio State
Highway Patrol crime lab for testing, which indicated appellant’s blood alcohol
concentration was .177 grams per one hundred milliliters of blood.
The Crash Investigation
{¶12} The crash investigation determined the point of impact was a white scuff
mark on Co. Rd. 37, believed to have been made by the sole of Golden’s footwear.
Officers noted no obstructions to visibility; under similar weather and light conditions,
the first possible point of perception for someone traveling in appellant’s position to
have seen the victim standing at the point of impact was 795.3 feet. The event data
recorder was retrieved from appellant’s vehicle and indicated no braking at all during
the collision; appellant had traveled at a steady rate of 43 or 42 m.p.h.
{¶13} The broken windshield of appellant’s vehicle contained hair and tissue.
Samples were collected and submitted to the crime lab for analysis. The source of the
tissue was determined to be Golden’s.
Morrow County, Case No. 11-CA-12 5
Appellant’s Admissions
{¶14} Appellant testified on his own behalf at trial. He stated he was on
probation for two fifth-degree felony counts of drug possession at the time of the
collision and was therefore wearing an ankle bracelet. Between 1:00 and 5:00 p.m. on
August 6, he golfed with a friend and consumed approximately 4 beers. He then
drove to a friend’s house near the Mid-Ohio racetrack where he consumed another 5
beers. He left the friend’s house but was returning to retrieve his sunglasses when
something struck his windshield on Co. Rd. 37. Appellant testified he never saw
Michelle Golden in the roadway or at the side of the roadway.
{¶15} After the collision, appellant drove to his friend’s house a short distance
away, but then looked at his vehicle and realized he hit something. He also saw hair
stuck in his broken windshield and he thought he struck a deer. Appellant returned to
the scene of the collision and observed people stopping to assist the victim lying in the
ditch.
{¶16} At trial appellant attributed the cause of the collision to sun glare which
made it difficult for him to see. He admitted upon cross-examination he never
complained of sun glare to witnesses or investigators prior to trial, and he previously
told investigators he had consumed a total of only 3 beers before the collision.
Criminal Charges, Suppression Hearing, and Trial
{¶17} Appellant was charged by indictment with one count of aggravated
vehicular homicide pursuant to R.C. 2903.06(A)(1)(a), a felony of the second degree,
one count of O.V.I. pursuant to R.C. 4511.19(A)(1)(a), a misdemeanor of the first
degree, and one count of O.V.I. pursuant to R.C. 4511.19(A)(1)(f), a misdemeanor of
Morrow County, Case No. 11-CA-12 6
the first degree. Appellant entered pleas of not guilty and the case was set for jury
trial.
{¶18} Appellant sought to suppress his statements to investigators and the
blood test result. He filed a motion to suppress “any and all statements, answers,
physical/mental tests, actions and reactions by [appellant] for the reasons [appellant],
during his contact with law enforcement * * *, expressed his desire to consult with
counsel not once but twice * * * and [appellant’s] requests were by law enforcement
ignored * * *.” Appellant further moved to suppress the result of the blood draw on the
bases the draw was performed without a warrant, outside the 2-hour time frame
prescribed by state law, and not in compliance with rules and regulations of the Ohio
Administrative Code. Appellee responded and noted the motion to suppress was
untimely.
{¶19} The trial court held a hearing on appellee’s motion to disallow the
untimely motion to suppress and ruled appellant would be granted leave to file his
motion to suppress.
{¶20} A suppression hearing was therefore scheduled for May 23, 2011. The
trial court later filed a journal entry noting an evidentiary suppression hearing was held
lasting two days, and the parties were given an additional opportunity to brief issues
which arose during the suppression hearing.
{¶21} Appellant filed a memorandum in support of his motion to suppress on
June 6, 2011, arguing the evidence showed he requested counsel two “and possibly
three” times. Appellant further argued evidence at the hearing established his blood
was not drawn in compliance with Ohio Administrative Code 3701-53-05: the (second)
Morrow County, Case No. 11-CA-12 7
successful draw was not accomplished with a swab from the draw kit but with a swab
dampened with tap water, and the sample was not properly refrigerated.
{¶22} Appellee filed a memorandum in response asserting appellant was not
questioned after invoking his right to counsel, but instead reinitiated himself and
admitted consuming 3 beers. Appellee further argued no warrant was required for the
blood draw in light of exigent circumstances, combined with the fact appellant was on
probation and required to submit to alcohol testing if requested. Appellee also argued
the blood test and subsequent testing were performed in compliance with Ohio
Department of Health regulations.
{¶23} On July 12, 2011, the trial court sustained in part and overruled in part
appellant’s motion to suppress. The trial court found appellant had a right to consult
with counsel before making any statements, and was so advised. As a probationer of
Richland County, however, appellant was under an obligation to submit to a drug and
alcohol test. Further, appellant did not waive counsel but merely cooperated to the
extent necessary. “Therefore, giving [appellant] the benefit of any doubt on the issue
of waiver of prior request for counsel, any incriminating statements made by
[appellant] subsequent to his request to consult with counsel are deemed
inadmissible, unless [appellant] testifies.” The trial court found no search warrant was
necessary to obtain a blood sample from appellant for two reasons: appellant was on
probation and required to submit a sample, and appellant consented to the test.
Finally, the trial court found appellee established substantial compliance with
Department of Health regulations pertaining to collection of the blood sample and
subsequent testing.
Morrow County, Case No. 11-CA-12 8
{¶24} The case proceeded to trial by jury and appellant was found guilty as
charged. He was sentenced on Count One, aggravated vehicular homicide, and
Count Two,1 O.V.I., and received a prison term of 6 years, in addition to a jail term of
six months and a 50-year license suspension.
{¶25} Appellant raises two Assignments of Error:
{¶26} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN OVERRULING THE APPELLANT’S
MOTION TO SUPPRESS BLOOD EVIDENCE OBTAINED IN VIOLATION OF THE
APPELLANT’S CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS SUBSEQUENTLY ALLOWING IT TO BE
INTRODUCED INTO EVIDENCE DURING HIS TRIAL.”
{¶27} “II. THE APPELLANT’S CONVICTIONS WERE NOT SUPPORTED BY
SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE AND WERE AGAINST THE MANIFEST WEIGHT OF THE
EVIDENCE.”
I.
{¶28} In his first assignment of error, appellant argues the trial court erred in
overruling his motion to suppress and in allowing evidence of the blood test to be
admitted at trial. We disagree.
{¶29} Appellant concedes the state has the authority to draw blood from a
person suspected of O.V.I. without consent and over objection, provided that probable
cause and a warrant or exigent circumstances are shown. See, R.C. 4511.191, State
v. Hoover, 123 Ohio St.3d 418, 2009-Ohio-4993, 916 N.E.2d 1056, cert. denied, 130
S.Ct. 2380, 176 L.Ed.2d 768. He argues, though, that in this case appellee failed to
demonstrate exigent circumstances.
1
Count Three, O.V.I., merged with Count Two.
Morrow County, Case No. 11-CA-12 9
{¶30} In making his argument, however, appellant cites to the trial transcript;
the transcript of the suppression hearing, which was evidently extensive, is not before
us. The trial court’s findings that led to the ruling resulted from a lengthy suppression
hearing, not trial, but that record is not before us. In reviewing assigned error on
appeal we are confined to the record that was before the trial court as defined in
App.R. 9(A). This rule provides that the record on appeal consists of “[t]he original
papers and exhibits thereto filed in the trial court, the transcript of proceedings, if any,
including exhibits, and a certified copy of the docket and journal entries prepared by
the clerk of the trial court.”
{¶31} App.R. 9(B) also provides in part “ * * *[w]hen portions of the transcript
necessary for resolution of assigned errors are omitted from the record, the reviewing
court has nothing to pass upon and thus, as to those assigned errors, the court has no
choice but to presume the validity of the lower court’s proceedings, and affirm.”
{¶32} In Knapp v. Edwards Laboratories the Ohio Supreme Court stated: “The
duty to provide a transcript for appellate review falls upon the appellant. This is
necessarily so because an appellant bears the burden of showing error by reference
to matters in the record.” 61 Ohio St.2d 197, 199, 400 N.E.2d 384 (1980).
{¶33} Appellant has not provided a transcript of the suppression hearing which
began on May 23, 2011. Without a transcript, we must presume the regularity of the
trial court’s proceeding on the motion. State v. Ellis, 5th Dist. No. 11-COA-015, 2011-
Ohio-5646, *2. We note the trial court made extensive findings of fact in support of its
conclusions of law, and with regard to the blood test, found no search warrant was
Morrow County, Case No. 11-CA-12 10
necessary in light of appellant’s probation status and moreover appellant consented to
the blood draw.
{¶34} Having no choice but to presume the regularity of the suppression
hearing, and finding the trial court’s conclusions of law are supported by its findings of
fact, appellant’s first assignment of error is overruled.
II.
{¶35} Appellant argues in his second assignment of error his convictions are
not supported by sufficient evidence and are against the manifest weight of the
evidence. We disagree.
{¶36} The legal concepts of sufficiency of the evidence and weight of the
evidence are both quantitatively and qualitatively different. State v. Thompkins, 78
Ohio St.3d 380, 1997-Ohio-52, 678 N.E.2d 541, paragraph two of the syllabus. The
standard of review for a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence is set forth in
State v. Jenks, 61 Ohio St.3d 259, 574 N.E.2d 492 (1991) at paragraph two of the
syllabus, in which the Ohio Supreme Court held, “An appellate court’s function when
reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence to support a criminal conviction is to examine
the evidence admitted at trial to determine whether such evidence, if believed, would
convince the average mind of the defendant’s guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. The
relevant inquiry is whether, after viewing the evidence in a light most favorable to the
prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the
crime proven beyond a reasonable doubt.”
{¶37} In determining whether a conviction is against the manifest weight of the
evidence, the court of appeals functions as the “thirteenth juror,” and after “reviewing
Morrow County, Case No. 11-CA-12 11
the entire record, weighs the evidence and all reasonable inferences, considers the
credibility of witnesses and determines whether in resolving conflicts in the evidence,
the jury clearly lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that the
conviction must be overturned and a new trial ordered.” State v. Thompkins, supra, at
387, 678 N.E.2d 541. Reversing a conviction as being against the manifest weight of
the evidence and ordering a new trial should be reserved for only the “exceptional
case in which the evidence weighs heavily against the conviction.” Id.{¶38} Appellant makes no specific argument regarding the manifest weight or
sufficiency of the evidence and does not direct us to any shortfall in the evidence in
the record. In the interest of justice, we have reviewed the extensive record of the trial
of this case and find appellant’s convictions are supported by sufficient evidence and
are not against the manifest weight of the evidence.
{¶39} Appellant was convicted of one count of aggravated vehicular homicide
pursuant to R.C. 2903.06(A)(1)(a), which states in pertinent part: “No person, while
operating or participating in the operation of a motor vehicle * * * shall cause the death
of another in any of the following ways: [a]s the proximate result of committing a
violation of division (A) of section 4511.19 of the Revised Code [].”
{¶40} Appellant was also convicted of two counts of O.V.I. pursuant to R.C.
4511.19(A)(1)(a) and R.C. 4511.19(A)(1)(f), which state in pertinent part: “No person
shall operate any vehicle * * * within this state, if, at the time of the operation, any of
the following apply: (a) the person is under the influence of alcohol * * *; (f) the person
has a concentration of seventeen-hundredths of one per cent or more by weight per
unit volume of alcohol in the person’s whole blood.”
Morrow County, Case No. 11-CA-12 12
{¶41} The evidence at trial established Golden died as a result of traumatic
injuries sustained when she was struck by appellant’s vehicle. By his own admission,
appellant never saw the victim in or near the roadway and belatedly blamed this lapse
on sun glare. The evidence showed appellant drove on Co. Rd. 37 and struck
something with enough force to shatter his windshield, yet he did not stop and kept
driving until he reached his friend’s driveway. Moreover, appellant admitted
consuming 9 beers before driving, had a blood alcohol concentration of .177 grams
per one hundred milliliters of blood, and exhibited a number of signs of impairment in
the aftermath of the crash, including poor results on the standardized field sobriety
tests, glassy eyes, and unsteadiness on his feet.
{¶42} Accordingly, appellant’s second assignment of error is overruled.
{¶43} Having overruled both of appellant’s assignments of error, we therefore
affirm the judgment of the Morrow County Court of Common Pleas.
By: Delaney, P.J.
Wise, J. and
Edwards, J. concur.
HON. PATRICIA A. DELANEY
HON. JOHN W. WISE
HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS
[Cite as State v. Maschke, 2012-Ohio-4473.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR MORROW COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO :
:
:
Plaintiff-Appellee :
:
-vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY
:
GEORGE R. MASCHKE :
:
: Case No. 11-CA-12
Defendant-Appellant :
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Opinion on file, the judgment of the
Morrow County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed. Costs assessed to Appellant.
HON. PATRICIA A. DELANEY
HON. JOHN W. WISE
HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS