State v. David ( 2012 )

[Cite as State v. David, 2012-Ohio-3984.]
COURT OF APPEALS
LICKING COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO : JUDGES:
:
: Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, P.J.
Plaintiff-Appellant : Hon. W. Scott Gwin, J.
: Hon. John W. Wise, J.
-vs- :
: Case No. 11-CA-110
CHELSEA L. DAVID :
:
:
Defendant-Appellee : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Licking County Court of
Common Pleas, Case No. 11 CR 00245
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: August 28, 2012
APPEARANCES:
For Appellant: For Appellee:
KENNETH W. OSWALT KORT GATTERDAM
LICKING COUNTY PROSECUTOR ERIK P. HENRY
280 Plaza, Suite 1300
BRIAN T. WALTZ 280 N. High St.
20 S. Second St., 4th Floor Columbus, OH 43215
Newark, OH 43055
Delaney, P.J.
{¶1} Plaintiff-Appellant State of Ohio appeals the October 21, 2011
sentencing entry of the Licking County Court of Common Pleas.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
{¶2} Between January 22, 2011 and January 25, 2011, Defendant-Appellee
Chelsea L. David deposited three checks into a Park National Bank account using
several ATMs. The checks were drawn on a closed Chase Bank account. David
immediately withdrew the funds from the account. The total value of the deposited
checks was $947.50.
{¶3} On May 20, 2011, David was indicted on one count of theft in violation of
R.C. 2913.02(A)(2) and/or (3) and one count of passing bad checks in violation of R.C.
2913.11(B). Both counts alleged the values of the property stolen and checks
transferred were $500 or more but less than $5,000. At the time of the indictment, the
statutes stated both counts were felonies of the fifth degree. David entered a not
guilty plea on June 15, 2011.
{¶4} Amended Substitute House Bill 86 (“H.B. 86”) went into effect on
September 30, 2011. H.B. 86 amended R.C. 2913.02 and 2913.11 to raise the
minimum value of the property stolen or the amount of the check transferred from
$500 to $1,000 in order for a violation of the section to constitute a felony of the fifth
degree. Otherwise, a violation of R.C. 2913.02 or 2913.11 for an amount below
$1,000 was a misdemeanor of the first degree.
{¶5} David changed her plea and pleaded guilty to both counts of the
indictment on October 21, 2011. In accepting David’s plea and imposing a sentence,
the trial court noted the impact of H.B. 86. The October 21, 2011 sentencing entry
states: “Although Counts 1 and 2 were indicted as felonies of the fifth degree, HB 86,
effective September 30, 2011, increased the valuation threshold for an F-5 from
$500.00 to $1,000.00. As a result, and in accordance with R.C. 1.58, these offenses
are now misdemeanors of the first degree.” The trial court imposed community control
sanctions for one year and ordered restitution in the amount of $947.50 to Park
National Bank.
{¶6} It is from this decision the State now appeals.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR
{¶7} The State raises one Assignment of Error:
{¶8} “THE TRIAL COURT COMMITTED HARMFUL ERROR IN REDUCING
THE APPELLEE’S CHARGES TO MISDEMEANORS.”
ANALYSIS
{¶9} The State argues in its sole Assignment of Error the trial court erred in
reducing David’s charges for theft and passing bad checks from fifth-degree felonies
to first-degree misdemeanors based on H.B. 86 and R.C. 1.58. We disagree.
{¶10} H.B. 86 became effective on September 30, 2011. R.C. 2913.02, as
amended by H.B. 86, states:
(A) No person, with purpose to deprive the owner of property or services,
shall knowingly obtain or exert control over either the property or the
services in any of the following ways:
***
(2) Beyond the scope of the express or implied consent of the owner or
person authorized to give consent;
(3) By deception;
***
(B)(1) Whoever violates this section is guilty of theft.
(2) Except as otherwise provided in this division or division (B)(3), (4),
(5), (6), (7), or (8) of this section, a violation of this section is petty theft,
a misdemeanor of the first degree. If the value of the property or
services stolen is one thousand dollars or more and is less than seven
thousand five hundred dollars or if the property stolen is any property
listed in section 2913.71 of the Revised Code, a violation of this section
is theft, a felony of the fifth degree. * * *
{¶11} R.C. 2913.11, as amended by H.B. 86, states:
***
(B) No person, with purpose to defraud, shall issue or transfer or cause
to be issued or transferred a check or other negotiable instrument,
knowing that it will be dishonored or knowing that a person has ordered
or will order stop payment on the check or other negotiable instrument.
***
(F) Whoever violates this section is guilty of passing bad checks. Except
as otherwise provided in this division, passing bad checks is a
misdemeanor of the first degree. If the check or checks or other
negotiable instrument or instruments are issued or transferred to a single
vendor or single other person for the payment of one thousand dollars or
more but less than seven thousand five hundred dollars or if the check or
checks or other negotiable instrument or instruments are issued or
transferred to multiple vendors or persons for the payment of one
thousand five hundred dollars or more but less than seven thousand five
hundred dollars, passing bad checks is a felony of the fifth degree. * * *
{¶12} The trial court applied R.C. 1.58 to the amended statutes to determine
David’s charges should be reduced to first-degree misdemeanors. R.C. 1.58 reads:
(A) The reenactment, amendment, or repeal of a statute does not, except
as provided in division (B) of this section:
(1) Affect the prior operation of the statute or any prior action
taken thereunder;
(2) Affect any validation, cure, right, privilege, obligation, or liability
previously acquired, accrued, accorded, or incurred thereunder;
(3) Affect any violation thereof or penalty, forfeiture, or punishment
incurred in respect thereto, prior to the amendment or repeal;
(4) Affect any investigation, proceeding, or remedy in respect of
any such privilege, obligation, liability, penalty, forfeiture, or
punishment; and the investigation, proceeding, or remedy may be
instituted, continued, or enforced, and the penalty, forfeiture, or
punishment imposed, as if the statute had not been repealed or
amended.
(B) If the penalty, forfeiture, or punishment for any offense is reduced by
a reenactment or amendment of a statute, the penalty, forfeiture, or
punishment, if not already imposed, shall be imposed according to the
statute as amended.
The State argues R.C. 1.58(B) does not apply to the present case because the
amendments to R.C. 2913.02 and 2913.11 do not involve a penalty, forfeiture, or
punishment. Specifically, the State argues that by altering the valuation amount of the
statutes, H.B. 86 simply amended an element of the offense of theft and passing bad
checks, therefore making R.C. 1.58 inapplicable.
{¶13} This Court recently analyzed a similar argument raised as to H.B. 86 in
the case of State v. Gillespie, 5th Dist. No. 2012-CA-6, 2012-Ohio-3485. In that case,
the defendant was indicted on February 23, 2011 for passing bad checks in violation
of R.C. 2913.11(B). The defendant pleaded guilty to the charge on October 5, 2011
and was sentenced on January 9, 2012. The trial court sentenced the defendant to
two years of community control sanctions. On appeal, the defendant argued the trial
court erred in convicting the defendant of a fifth-degree felony when H.B. 86
categorized the offense committed by the defendant as a first-degree misdemeanor.
Id. at ¶1-5.
{¶14} We agreed with the defendant’s argument and reversed the decision of
the trial court. We first held H.B. 86 specifically referred to R.C. 1.58(B) thereby
demonstrating the intention of the General Assembly that the amended version of the
statute applies to a person sentenced on and after September 30, 2011. Id. at ¶12.
We next determined in a theft offense, the value of the property stolen is relevant only
to the measure of the appropriate penalty. Id. at ¶14-15. H.B. 86 operated to reduce
the penalty from a fifth-degree felony to a first-degree misdemeanor based on the
valuation threshold. Id. Therefore, R.C. 1.58(B) was applicable to the amended
statute because the amended statute functioned to reduce the penalty imposed. Id. at
¶15.
{¶15} In the present case, David was charged with violations of R.C. 2913.02
and 2913.11 based on her passing of bad checks in the amount of $947.50. David
was indicted on May 20, 2011. H.B. 86, which amended the valuation thresholds of
R.C. 2913.02 and 2913.11, became effective on September 30, 2011. On October 21,
2011, the trial court found David guilty of violations of R.C. 2913.02 and 2913.11, but
reduced David’s charges to first-degree misdemeanors pursuant to the amended
valuation thresholds established in H.B. 86. In accord with our decision in State v.
Gillespie, supra, we find no error by the trial court in following the mandates of H.B. 86
and R.C. 1.58(B).
CONCLUSION
{¶16} Based on the foregoing, the State’s sole Assignment of Error is
overruled.
{¶17} The judgment of the Licking County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed.
By: Delaney, P.J.
Gwin, J. and
Wise, J. concur.
HON. PATRICIA A. DELANEY
HON. W. SCOTT GWIN
HON. JOHN W. WISE
PAD:kgb
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR LICKING COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
:
STATE OF OHIO :
:
Plaintiff - Appellant : JUDGMENT ENTRY
:
:
-vs- :
: Case No. 11-CA-110
CHELSEA L. DAVID :
:
Defendant - Appellee :
:
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Opinion on file, the judgment of the
Licking County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed. Costs assessed to Appellant.
HON. PATRICIA A. DELANEY
HON. W. SCOTT GWIN
HON. JOHN W. WISE