Lindsey v. Schuler , 2012 Ohio 3675 ( 2012 )

[Cite as Lindsey v. Schuler, 2012-Ohio-3675.]
STATE OF OHIO, MAHONING COUNTY
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
SEVENTH DISTRICT
JINNY L. LINDSEY, )
)
PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, )
)
V. ) CASE NO. 11-MA-205
)
SHARON SCHULER, ET AL., ) OPINION
)
DEFENDANT-APPELLANT. )
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDINGS: Civil Appeal from Court of Common
Pleas of Mahoning County, Ohio
Case No. 08CV2771
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee Atty. Michael P. Marando
P.O. Box 9070
Youngstown, Ohio 44513
For Defendant-Appellant Atty. Shelli Ellen Freeze
1714 Boardman-Poland Rd., Suite 11
Poland, Ohio 44514
JUDGES:
Hon. Gene Donofrio
Hon. Cheryl L. Waite
Hon. Mary DeGenaro
Dated: August 6, 2012
[Cite as Lindsey v. Schuler, 2012-Ohio-3675.]
DONOFRIO, J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Sharon Schuler appeals from the Mahoning
County Common Pleas court decision ruling that her claims were barred by the
statute of limitations and were not saved by the savings statute (R.C. 2305.19).
{¶2} On May 14, 2008, Schuler and plaintiff-appellee Jinny Lindsey were
involved in a car accident. Schuler was originally cited, but the charge was later
dismissed. On July 8, 2008, Lindsey sued Schuler alleging personal injuries due to
Schuler’s negligence and seeking money damages. Schuler filed a counterclaim
Lindsey for her alleged personal injuries and sought money damages on August 26,
2008. As part of Schuler’s counterclaim, her husband, Earl Schuler, sought to
interplead into the case for loss of consortium.
{¶3} On March 18, 2009, Lindsey filed a notice of voluntary dismissal. The
court dismissed her action against Schuler without prejudice on April 1, 2009. On
November 18, 2009, Schuler filed a notice of voluntary dismissal of her claims.
{¶4} Almost a year later and with the statute of limitations having already
expired on May 14, 2010, Schuler renewed her counterclaim with interpleader
against Lindsey on November 16, 2010, under the same case and case number in
which both parties had earlier voluntarily dismissed their actions. On November 23,
2010, Schuler filed an amended complaint for money damages, jury demand, and
written instructions. Thereafter, Lindsey filed a motion to dismiss and Schuler filed a
response.
{¶5} Then, on November 30, 2011, the trial court granted Lindsey’s motion
to dismiss and dismissed Schuler’s action with prejudice. The court acknowledged
that Schuler’s August 26, 2008 original counterclaim with interpleader was timely.
Pursuant to the savings statute, the court reasoned that Schuler was then required to
commence a “new” action within one year of the dismissal of her original
counterclaim (November 18, 2009) or before the expiration of the statute of
limitations (May 14, 2010), whichever is later. The court then stated that since the
statute of limitations had expired on May 14, 2010, Schuler had until November 18,
2010 to commence a “new” action. The court then addressed Schuler’s November
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16, 2010 refiled counterclaim and her November 23, 2010 amended complaint
separately.
{¶6} Apparently construing Schuler’s November 23, 2010 amended
complaint as a “new” action, the court then noted that Schuler did not file it until after
November 18, 2010 and, therefore, was barred by the statute of limitations. As for
Schuler’s November 16, 2010 refiled counterclaim, the court noted that it had been
filed under the same, original case where both parties had voluntarily dismissed their
actions. The court concluded that Schuler’s attempt to refile her counterclaim in a
closed case did not amount to commencing a “new” action and, therefore, did not
garner the protection of the savings statute.
{¶7} The trial court also dismissed Schuler’s husband’s loss of consortium
claim as barred under the statute of limitations since his claim was derivative to
Schuler’s counterclaim. This appeal followed.
{¶8} Schuler’s sole assignment of error states:
The trial court erred by ruling that the Appellant’s claims were
barred by the applicable statute of limitations; when amendments to a
pleading are made that relate to the same claims set forth or attempted
to be set forth in a previous pleading, the amendment relates back to
the date of the original pleading.
{¶9} Schuler argues that under Civ.R. 15, her claims that were filed on
November 23, 2010 relate back to the counterclaim and interpleader filed on
November 16, 2010, two days before the expiration of the savings statute under R.C.
2305.19. Schuler states Civ.R. 15 allows the pleading to be amended once as a
matter of course at any time before a responsive pleading is served or within twenty-
eight days after it is served, which would have allowed her to amend the pleading
filed on November 16, 2010. Furthermore, Schuler contends that her November 16,
2010 pleading contained all that is required by Civ.R. 8 to commence an action and,
thus, a new action was commenced.
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{¶10} Lindsey argues that Schuler filed a claim that related back to the
original case and, therefore, Schuler had only until November 18, 2010, a year after
the notice of voluntary dismissal was filed to commence a new action. Thus, Lindsey
claims Schuler filed a counterclaim to the original case on November 16, 2010 and
not a new action. Lindsey concludes that Schuler was barred from bringing any claim
after November 18, 2010 under R.C. 2305.19.
{¶11} “A Civ.R. 12(B)(6) motion to dismiss based upon a statute of limitations
should be granted only where the complaint conclusively shows on its face that the
action is so barred. Velotta v. Petronzio Landscaping, Inc. (1982), 69 Ohio St.2d 376,
379, 23 O.O.3d 346, 348, 433 N.E.2d 147, 150-151. To conclusively show that the
action is time barred, the complaint must demonstrate both (1) the relevant statute of
limitations, and (2) the absence of factors which would toll the statute, or make it
inapplicable. Tarry v. Fechko Excavating, Inc. (Nov. 3, 1999), Lorain App. No. 98-CA-
7180, unreported, 1999 WL 1037755.” Helman v. EPL Prolong, Inc., 139 Ohio App.
3d 231, 241, 2000-Ohio-2593, 743 N.E.2d 484 (7th Dist.2000).
{¶12} In this case, the statute of limitations for Schuler’s claim was two years,
expiring on May 14, 2010. R.C. 2305.10.
{¶13} The savings statute provides:
In any action that is commenced or attempted to be commenced,
* * * if the plaintiff fails otherwise than upon the merits, the plaintiff * * *
may commence a new action within one year after * * * the plaintiff’s
failure otherwise than upon the merits or within the period of the original
applicable statute of limitations, whichever occurs later.
R.C. 2305.19.
{¶14} The Ohio Supreme Court has explained how the savings statute works:
This statute, the savings statute, is not a statute of limitations.
Neither is R.C. 2305.19 a tolling statute extending the period of a
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statute of limitations. R.C. 2305.19 can have no application unless an
action was timely commenced, was dismissed without prejudice, and
the applicable statute of limitations had expired by the time of such
dismissal.
(Emphasis added.) Reese v. Ohio State Univ. Hosp., 6 Ohio St.3d 162, 163, 451
N.E.2d 1196 (1983). Accord Lewis v. Connor, 21 Ohio St.3d 1, 4, 487 N.E.2d 285(1985). Additionally, “[a] voluntary dismissal pursuant to Civ.R.41(A)(1) constitutes a
failure otherwise than upon the merits within the meaning of the savings statute R.C.
2305.19.” Frysinger v. Leech, 32 Ohio St.3d 38, 512 N.E.2d 337 (1987), paragraph
two of the syllabus.
{¶15} As explained in Reese, R.C. 2305.19 only applies if a claim is timely
commenced and then is voluntarily dismissed after the expiration of the statute of
limitations. Here, Schuler voluntarily dismissed her original counterclaim on
November 18, 2009, well before the May, 14, 2010 expiration of the statute of
limitations. Therefore, the trial court’s focus on whether Schuler’s November 16,
2010 refiled counterclaim and her November 23, 2010 amended complaint were
“new” actions within the meaning of the savings statute was misplaced – the savings
statute has no application to this case since the statute of limitations had yet to expire
before Schuler voluntarily dismissed her original counterclaim. Schuler was free to
refile her counterclaim before the May 14, 2010 expiration of the statute of limitations,
but did not do so. And since Schuler voluntarily dismissed her original counterclaim
before the expiration of the statute of the limitations and not after, her case was
ineligible to receive the extended protection of the savings statute.
{¶16} Despite the trial court’s analysis of the savings statute, it ultimately
reached the correct conclusion that Schuler’s action was time-barred. “When a trial
court reaches a correct conclusion, even when it does so for incorrect reasons, its
judgment must be affirmed. See, e.g., State v. Campbell, 90 Ohio St.3d 320, 329,
738 N.E.2d 1178 (2000).” Kelly v. May Assoc. Fed. Credit Union, 9th Dist. No. 23423,
2008-Ohio-1507, ¶20.
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{¶17} Accordingly, Schuler’s sole assignment of error is without merit.
{¶18} The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
Waite, P.J., concurs.
DeGenaro, J., concurs.