In re D.B. , 2012 Ohio 2505 ( 2012 )

[Cite as In re D.B., 2012-Ohio-2505.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio
EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
No. 97445
IN RE: D.B.
A Minor Child
JUDGMENT:
AFFIRMED
Civil Appeal from the
Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
Juvenile Division
Case No. CR-DL 08130434
BEFORE: Jones, J., Blackmon, A.J., and Sweeney, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: June 7, 2012
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLANT
Timothy Young
State Public Defender
BY: Sheryl A. Trzaska
Assistant State Public Defender
Office of the Ohio Public Defender
250 East Broad Street, Suite 1400
Columbus, Ohio 43215
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
William D. Mason
Cuyahoga County Prosecutor
BY: Gregory Paul
Assistant County Prosecutor
The Justice Center, 8th Floor
1200 Ontario Street
Cleveland, Ohio 44113
LARRY A. JONES, SR., J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant, “D.B.,” appeals the trial court’s order revoking his
probation and committing him to the legal custody of the Ohio Department of Youth
Services (“DYS”) for 90 days. We affirm.
{¶2} In 2008, D.B. was charged in Cuyahoga County Juvenile Court with one
count of burglary with a firearm specification and three counts of theft with firearm
specifications. He was adjudicated delinquent of burglary, but the firearm specification
and remaining charges and specifications were nolled. At his dispositional hearing, the
trial court sentenced him to commitment at DYS for a minimum of one year up until his
twenty-first birthday, but suspended the sentence and placed him on probation.
{¶3} D.B. violated his probation, and in April 2009, the trial court revoked his
probation and committed him to DYS. On March 15, 2010, the trial court granted D.B.
judicial release and placed him under DYS supervision (parole). D.B. violated the terms
of his parole and the trial court sent him back to DYS for 90 days on November 2, 2010.
D.B. was released from DYS custody on January 31, 2011, but was recommitted to the
institution in April 2011 for another 90 days after again violating the terms and conditions
of his parole.
{¶4} D.B. was released from DYS on July 11, 2011, but he violated parole and was
recommitted to DYS on September 27, 2011. As part of his commitment, the trial court
ordered that he be returned to DYS custody for a period of not less than three months or
until he completed a specialized release program.
{¶5} It is from this dispositional entry that D.B. appeals, raising the following
assignments of error for our review:
I. The juvenile court committed plain error when it found that [D.B.]’s
commitment to [DYS] was pursuant to R.C. 2152.22 rather than R.C.
5139.52 because, at the time of his September 26, 2011 revocation hearing,
[D.B.] had not been on supervised release immediately after being granted
an early release pursuant to R.C. 2152.22.
II. The juvenile court committed plain error when it ordered [D.B.] to
serve a [90] day minimum commitment for a parole violation, because a
[30] day minimum commitment is the only commitment authorized by
statute.
III. Trial counsel rendered ineffective assistance by failing to object to
[D.B.]’s illegal parole commitment for a parole revocation.
Failure to File Objections to Magistrate’s Decision
{¶6} Initially, we note that D.B. never objected to the magistrate’s decision
revoking his parole and committing him to DYS. Pursuant to Juv.R. 40(D), D.B. was
required to file objections to the magistrate’s decision in order to preserve his arguments.
{¶7} Juv.R. 40(D)(3)(b)(iv) provides that “except for a claim of plain error, a party
shall not assign as error on appeal the court’s adoption of any factual finding or legal
conclusion * * * unless the party has objected to that finding or conclusion as required by
Juv.R. 40(D)(3)(b).”
{¶8} In its decision, the magistrate indicated that it was holding the hearing
pursuant to Juv.R. 29 and R.C. 2151.35. The magistrate stated that “[p]ursuant to ORC
2152.22(B), the child is returned to the legal care and custody of [DYS] for
institutionalization for a period of not less than three (3) months or until the child
successfully completes a specialized supervised release revocation program of a duration
of not less than thirty (30) days.”
{¶9} If D.B. wanted to challenge the statute under which the hearing was held and
under which the disposition was made, it was incumbent upon him to file objections to
the magistrate’s decision. Consequently, our review with regard to assignments of
error one and two is limited to whether the trial court committed plain error in its
adoption of the magistrate’s decision. In re Z.C., 12 Dist. Nos. CA2005-06-065,
CA2005-06-066, CA2005-06-081, and CA2005-06-082, 2006-Ohio-1787 (holding that
juvenile waived his opportunity to challenge the sufficiency of evidence and weight of
evidence in gross sexual imposition adjudication because he failed to file objections to
magistrate’s decision.) Plain error exists when, but for the error, the outcome would
have been different. In re J.T., 8th Dist. No. 93241, 2009-Ohio-6224, ¶ 67.
{¶10} We therefore proceed to consider assignments of error one and two solely
for plain error.
Disposition
{¶11} In the first assignment of error, D.B. argues that the trial court committed
him to DYS pursuant to R.C. 2152.22, when the trial court should have sentenced him
pursuant to R.C. 5139.52. In the second assignment of error, D.B. claims that, pursuant
to R.C. 5139.52, he could only be committed for a maximum of 30 days to DYS.
{¶12} R.C. 2152.22 governs the relinquishment of juvenile court control and
judicial release and provides, in pertinent part, that:
(A) When a child is committed to the legal custody of the department of
youth services under this chapter, the juvenile court relinquishes control
with respect to the child so committed, except as provided in [division] * *
* (C) * * * of this section * * * .
***
(C)(1) The court that commits a delinquent child to the department may
grant judicial release of the child to department of youth services
supervision under this division during the second half of the prescribed
minimum term for which the child was committed to the department * * *.
***
(H) When a child is committed to the legal custody of the department of
youth services, the court retains jurisdiction to perform the functions
specified in section 5139.51 of the Revised Code with respect to the
granting of supervised release by the release authority and to perform the
functions specified in section 5139.52 of the Revised Code with respect to
violations of the conditions of supervised release granted by the release
authority and to the revocation of supervised release granted by the release
authority.
{¶13} R.C. 5139.52(F) governs the violation of supervised release and provides, in
part:
If the court * * * determines at the hearing that the child violated one or
more of the terms and conditions of the child’s supervised release, the court,
* * * may revoke the child’s supervised release and order the child to be
returned to the department of youth services for institutionalization or, in
any case, may make any other disposition of the child authorized by law that
the court considers proper. If the court orders the child to be returned to a
department of youth services institution, the child shall remain
institutionalized for a minimum period of thirty days * * *. [T]he release
authority, in its discretion, may require the child to remain in
institutionalization for longer than the minimum thirty-day period, and the
child is not eligible for judicial release or early release during the minimum
thirty-day period of institutionalization or any period of institutionalization
in excess of the minimum thirty-day period.
This division does not apply regarding a child who is under a period of
judicial release to department of youth services supervision. Division (E) of
section 2152.22 of the Revised Code applies in relation to a child who is
under a period of judicial release to department of youth services
supervision.
{¶14} D.B. claims that he was under DYS supervision at the time he violated his
parole, therefore R.C. 5139.52 is controlling. The state argues that he was under judicial
release to court supervision when he violated his parole, therefore R.C. 2152.22 should
control.
{¶15} D.B. is correct in stating that his dispositional hearing should have been held
pursuant to R.C. 5139.52 because he was no longer under judicial release at the time he
violated his parole in September 2011. D.B. was originally granted judicial release on
March 17, 2009, which was 11 months after he was originally committed to DYS
custody. Because the judicial release occurred during the second half of his minimum
one-year commitment, his release was to DYS supervision. R.C. 2152.22(C). While
the trial court still retained jurisdiction over D.B., that jurisdiction was pursuant to R.C.
5139.52, not R.C. 2152.22. R.C. 2152.22(H).
{¶16} In fact, the parole violation hearings the trial court conducted in November
2010 and April 2011 were properly held pursuant to R.C. 5139.52; at both hearings
D.B.’s parole was revoked and he was recommitted to DYS under R.C. 5139.52.
{¶17} That being said, although the trial court erred in holding the dispositional
hearing pursuant to R.C. 2152.22, we decline to find plain error with the trial court’s
adoption of the magistrate’s decision.
{¶18} R.C. 5139.52(F) provides that a child “shall remain institutionalized for a
minimum period of thirty days.” The statute does not provide that a child may only be
institutionalized for only 30 days; rather, it states that the child must be given a minimum
commitment of 30 days. Moreover, R.C. 5139.52(F) also provides that the court “may
make any other disposition of the child authorized by law that the court considers proper.”
Use of the word “any” means that the trial court had discretion to take “any” steps the
court believed necessary to fully and completely implement the rehabilitative disposition
of the child, including that of committing D.B. to DYS for 90 days. See In re Caldwell,
76 Ohio St.3d 156, 158-160, 1996-Ohio-410, 666 N.E.2d 1367; In re Samkas, 80 Ohio
App.3d 240, 244, 608 N.E.2d 1172 (8th Dist.1992); In re Bremmer, 8th Dist. No. 62088,
1993 WL 95556 (Apr. 1, 1993), *4-*5.
{¶19} The Ninth and Eleventh District Courts of Appeals recently considered the
same issue we are faced with here and found no plain error when a trial court sentenced a
child to 90 days pursuant to R.C. 5139.52(F). In re T.K., 9th Dist. No. 26076,
2012-Ohio-906; In re A.N., 11 Dist. Nos. 2011-A-0057 and 2011-A-0058,
2012-Ohio-1789. In In re T.K., the Ninth District found that “no time period
limitations are set forth in [R.C. 5139.52(F)] in regard to the juvenile court’s order that
the child be returned to DYS,” other than that the child must remain institutionalized for a
minimum of 30 days. Id. at ¶ 10. The statute does not limit the court from sentencing
a child to a longer stay. Id. In In re A.N., the court likewise found that R.C.
5139.52(F)
does not speak to maximum allowable time, nor does it require the court to
impose an indefinite term of recommitment to ODYS’s custody[;] * * *
[t]he statute merely establishes an absolute minimum amount of time for
which the trial court must recommit the juvenile. * * * [A] trial court or
ODYS Release Authority may require the child to spend more than the
minimum 30 days in ODYS’s custody subsequent to a parole revocation.
Id. at ¶ 12.
{¶20} Finally, although the trial court committed D.B. for a 90-day sentence, it
offered to consider releasing him after 30 days if he completed the specialized release
program. It is clear from the record that the trial court gave D.B. multiple opportunities
to comply with the terms and conditions of his parole and the child repeatedly did not do
so.
{¶21} Although the trial court held the hearing under the wrong statute, its
commitment of D.B. did not constitute plain error and we therefore overrule the first and
second assignments of error.
Ineffective Assistance of Trial Counsel
{¶22} In the third assignment of error, D.B. argues that his counsel was ineffective
for failing to object to the 90-day commitment at the dispositional hearing.
{¶23} “The benchmark for judging any claim of ineffectiveness must be whether
counsel’s conduct so undermined the proper functioning of the adversarial process that
the trial cannot be relied on as having produced a just result.” Strickland v. Washington,
466 U.S. 668, 686, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984). In order to succeed on a claim
of ineffective assistance of counsel, D.B. must satisfy a two-prong test. First, he must
demonstrate that his trial counsel’s performance was deficient. Id. at 687. If he can
show deficient performance, he must next demonstrate that he was prejudiced by the
deficient performance. Id. To show prejudice, D.B. must establish there is a
reasonable probability that, but for his counsel’s unprofessional errors, the result of his
dispositional hearing would have been different. A reasonable probability is one
sufficient to erode confidence in the outcome. Id. at 694.
{¶24} It is well-settled that an attorney who is licensed in Ohio is presumed
competent. Vaughn v. Maxwell, 2 Ohio St.2d 299, 301, 209 N.E.2d 164 (1965).
Therefore, the burden of showing ineffective assistance of counsel is on the party
asserting it. State v. Smith, 17 Ohio St.3d 98, 100, 477 N.E.2d 1128 (1985). Trial
counsel is entitled to a strong presumption that all decisions fall within the wide range of
reasonable professional assistance. State v. Sallie, 81 Ohio St.3d 673, 675,
1998-Ohio-343, 693 N.E.2d 267.
{¶25} Even though, as mentioned above, the dispositional hearing should have
been held pursuant to R.C. 5139.52, we find no error in the length of commitment
imposed by the trial court. Therefore, we find no error in D.B.’s counsel’s decision not
to file objections to the magistrate’s decision.
{¶26} The third assignment of error is overruled.
{¶27} Accordingly, judgment is affirmed.
It is ordered that appellee recover of appellant costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the common
pleas court to carry this judgment into execution.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of
the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
LARRY A. JONES, SR., JUDGE
PATRICIA A. BLACKMON, A.J., and
JAMES J. SWEENEY, J., CONCUR