White v. Ohio Dept. of Rehab. & Corr. , 2013 Ohio 4208 ( 2013 )

[Cite as White v. Ohio Dept. of Rehab. & Corr., 2013-Ohio-4208.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
TENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
Darrell White, :
Plaintiff-Appellant, : No. 12AP-927
(Ct. of Cl. No. 2010-04696)
v. :
(REGULAR CALENDAR)
Ohio Department of :
Rehabilitation and Correction,
:
Defendant-Appellee.
:
D E C I S I ON
Rendered on September 26, 2013
Darrell White, pro se.
Michael DeWine, Attorney General, Kristin Boggs and
Jeanna R. Volp, for appellee.
APPEAL from the Court of Claims of Ohio
O'GRADY, J.
{¶ 1} Plaintiff-appellant, Darrell White, appeals from a judgment of the Court of
Claims of Ohio regarding the amount of damages awarded in his favor in a negligence
action against defendant-appellee, Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction
("ODRC"). For the reasons that follow, we affirm.
I. FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
{¶ 2} On February 8, 2010, appellant, an inmate at Allen Correctional Institution,
sustained injuries as a result of an assault by another inmate. At the time of the assault,
there was a separation order in place that prohibited appellant and the other inmate from
being housed in the same correctional institution. Appellant filed a complaint on
March 16, 2010 seeking damages from ODRC for negligently failing to enforce the
No. 12AP-927 2
separation order. ODRC admitted liability and, on January 19, 2012, the issue of damages
was tried before a magistrate.
{¶ 3} The magistrate's decision reflects that the following facts were adduced at
trial. Appellant testified that he incurred permanent injuries to his right pinkie finger,
neck, and back as a result of the assault. He also aggravated a preexisting gunshot injury
to his right leg and longstanding conditions of anxiety and depression. Appellant stated
he was placed in segregation while the fight was investigated by prison staff. As a result,
appellant claimed he lost other civil lawsuits he had filed, because of his limited access to
postal services. Appellant testified the value of those lost lawsuits were "trillions and
billions" of dollars. (R. 283, at 2.)
{¶ 4} Polly Schmalz testified that she is the healthcare administrator for the
Marion Correctional Institution ("MCI") where appellant is currently incarcerated.
According to Schmalz, an injury to appellant's right pinkie finger was noted on the
institutional transfer form completed just prior to his arrival at Allen Correctional
Institution. She stated that a medical report completed shortly after the assault noted
appellant's injury to his right pinkie, but no other injuries. Schmalz confirmed that
appellant's medical records do not show any other physical injuries occurred as the result
of the February 8, 2010 assault.
{¶ 5} Dr. Ralph Lyon, an MCI physician, testified that he has examined appellant
on numerous occasions. He stated that appellant had chronic conditions relating to his
neck, back, and right leg, and that he had prescribed medication for appellant to treat
those conditions. Dr. Lyon indicated that while appellant could not fully straighten the tip
of his right pinkie finger, it was otherwise fully functional.
{¶ 6} Finally, Dr. Richard Goeke, the MCI mental health supervisor, testified that
appellant initially received mental health services in December 2009 for complaints of
depression and difficulty sleeping. In January 2010, appellant was diagnosed with
adjustment disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and depression due to stressors. As
a result, appellant was placed on medication. Regarding the assault, Dr. Goeke testified
the notes in his file indicated that appellant was "stressed" because of the assault, being
shot in the leg, and his pending civil lawsuits. Dr. Goeke testified that the records show
appellant was discharged from the mental health caseload in December 2011.
No. 12AP-927 3
{¶ 7} The magistrate concluded that appellant had preexisting injuries that were
aggravated as the result of the assault, and did not suffer any permanent injury as a result
of the assault. The magistrate recommended that the court enter judgment in favor of
appellant in the amount of $1,500. The Court of Claims of Ohio adopted the magistrate's
decision that same day.
{¶ 8} Appellant submitted lengthy objections to the magistrate's decision, which
primarily challenged the amount of the award for damages. Appellant did not, however,
support his objections to the magistrate's factual findings with either a transcript of the
proceedings before the magistrate or an affidavit of the relevant evidence. In August
2012, the Court of Claims overruled the objections and found the facts supported the
magistrate's award of damages.
II. ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR
{¶ 9} This appeal ensued, and appellant assigns the following twelve
assignments of error: 1
1. THE COURT ERRED IN DENYING ALL PLAINTIFF
DENIAL MOTION'S.
2. THE COURT ERRED IN DENYING ALL PLAINTIFF'S
DAMAGES AND NOT ADJUDICATING ALL THE DAMAGES
APART SEPARATE THAT WAS BEFORE THE COURT FOR
RELIEF.
3. THE COURT ERRED IN DENYING ALL PLAINTIFF'S
INJURIES AND NOT ADJUDICATING ALL THE INJURIES
SEPARATE AND APART THAT WAS BEFORE THE COURT
FOR RELIEF.
4. THE COURT ERROED IN IT'S UNREASONABLE CAL-
CULATIONS FOR THE ACTUAL AGGRIEVED PLAINTIFF
MONATARY MONEY DAMAGE'S AWARD FOR RELIEF.
1 We note that appellant submitted a separate "memorandum in support of issues on appeal" at the
conclusion of his appellate brief. We addressed the arguments contained within this memorandum in light
of the specified assignments of error. See D.L. Lack Corp. v. Liquor Control Comm., 191 Ohio App. 3d 20,
2010-Ohio-6172, ¶ 19 (10th Dist.), citing App.R. 12(A)(1)(b) ("As a general matter, this court rules only on
assignments of error, not mere arguments.").
No. 12AP-927 4
5. THE COURT ERROED IN NOT ALLOWING THE
SUBPOENA WITNESSE'S TO BE CROSS-EXAMINED AT
TRIAL.
6. THE COURT ERROED IN NOT ALLOWING DR. LYON'S
TO BE RECALLED TO WITNESS AND CLARIFY THE USE
OF MEDICAL RECORD'S AND CLARIFY THE MEDICAL
QUESTION'S.
7. THE COURT ERROED IN NOT CONSIDERING
PLAINTIFFS EYE INJURY IN ADJUDICATION FOR JUDG-
MENT AWARD FOR MONETARY JUDGMENT.
8. THE COURT ERROED IN NOT CONSIDERING DR.
JOHNSON TESTIMONY AND MEDICAL REPORT THAT
PLAINTIFF MENTAL DAMAGE IS ON-GOING TREAT-
MENT AND CONSIDERED MONETARY COMPEN-SATORY
DAMAGES AWARD FOR RELIEF OF THE INJURY.
9. THE COURT ERROED IN NOT ALLOWING OR EN-
FORCING PLAINTIFF'S CONSTINUNAL PROTECTED
RIGHTS.
10. THE COURT ERROED IN NOT ENFORCING THE
PLAINTIFF'S ASSESSED COST UPON THE DEFENDDANT
THAT WAS EXPRESS OR IMPLIED TO THE COURT.
11. THE COURT ERROED IN NOT AWARDING THE $2
MILLION DOLLARS THE PLAINTIFF SUED DEFENDANT
FOR WHEN HE WON AND WAS THE ACTUAL
AGGRIEVED PLAINTIFF.
12. THE COURT ERROED IN NOT ALLOWING THE COURT
TO BE TRANSFERED TO A FEDERAL COURT FOR THE
SHAM LEGAL PROCESS IMPLICATIONS.
(Sic. passim.)
III. DISCUSSION
{¶ 10} For ease of discussion, we will address appellant's assignments of error out
of order.
{¶ 11} In his first assignment of error, appellant asserts the trial court erred in
denying "all" of his numerous motions without specifying or clarifying any facts or
reasons for doing so. In his twelfth assignment of error, appellant claims the Court of
No. 12AP-927 5
Claims should have allowed his case to be transferred to federal court. The appellant
bears the burden of affirmatively demonstrating error on appeal. Under App.R. 16(A)(7),
the appellant must present contentions for each assignment of error and the reasons to
support those contentions, including citations to legal authorities. Cantrell v. Deitz, 10th
Dist. No. 12AP-357, 2013-Ohio-1204, ¶ 33. Appellant cites no legal authority in support of
either of these assignments of error, and we are aware of none. He has not established
reversible error under these circumstances. State ex rel. Capretta v. Zamiska, 135 Ohio
St.3d 177, 2013-Ohio-69, ¶ 12, citing In re Application of Columbus S. Power Co., 129
Ohio St. 3d 271, 2011-Ohio-2638, ¶ 14 (court can reject argument on appeal when the
appellant fails to cite any legal authority in support); Lundeen v. State Med. Bd. of Ohio,
10th Dist. No. 12AP-629, 2013-Ohio-112, ¶ 16 (under App.R. 12(A)(2), court may
disregard an assignment of error if an appellant fails to cite to any legal authority in
support of an argument as required by App.R. 16(A)(7)). Therefore, appellant's first and
twelfth assignments of error are overruled.
{¶ 12} We will consider appellant's fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and
eleventh assignments of error together. Appellant challenges certain evidentiary rulings
and the court's determination regarding damages. As previously mentioned, appellant
failed to file either a transcript of all the evidence submitted to the magistrate or an
affidavit of that evidence if the transcript was not available.
{¶ 13} If an objecting party fails to submit a transcript or affidavit, the trial court
must accept the magistrate's factual findings and limit its review to the magistrate's legal
conclusions. Wallace v. Grafton Corr. Inst., 10th Dist. No. 11AP-304, 2011-Ohio-5661,
¶ 5, citing Ross v. Cockburn, 10th Dist. No. 07AP-967, 2008-Ohio-3522, ¶ 5, and Farmers
Mkt. Drive-In Shopping Ctrs., Inc. v. Magana, 10th Dist. No. 06AP-532, 2007-Ohio-
2653, ¶ 27-28. On appeal of a judgment rendered without the benefit of a transcript or
affidavit, an appellate court considers only whether the trial court correctly applied the
law to the magistrate's factual findings. LULAC v. Kasich, 10th Dist. No. 10AP-639,
2012-Ohio-947, ¶ 23, citing Martin v. Ohio Dept. of Rehab. & Corr., 10th Dist. No. 07AP-
1006, 2008-Ohio-3166; Gill v. Grafton Corr. Inst., 10th Dist. No. 10AP-1094, 2011-Ohio-
4251, ¶ 21; Ross at ¶ 6. Our review of the trial court's application of the law to a
No. 12AP-927 6
magistrate's findings of fact is for an abuse of discretion. Moore v. Ohio Dept. of Rehab. &
Corr., 10th Dist. No. 05AP-53, 2005-Ohio-3939.
{¶ 14} Here, we do not believe the trial court could have analyzed any of the
evidentiary rulings at issue without a transcript. Cargile v. Ohio Dept. of Admin. Servs.,
10th Dist. No. 11AP-743, 2012-Ohio-2470, ¶ 15 ("Without a transcript to provide us
context, we cannot review either the proffered evidence or the magistrate's rulings on the
admissibility of that evidence."); Martin at ¶ 13 (finding a transcript was necessary to
review evidence offered at a damages hearing); United Studios of Am. v. Laman, 5th
Dist. No. 2007CA00277, 2008-Ohio-3497, ¶ 47-48 (without a transcript of a damages
hearing or an affidavit of the relevant evidence, appellant could not establish error in the
magistrate's findings of fact or the court's adoption of the findings and award of
damages in the specified amount).
{¶ 15} Nor does the record disclose that the trial court erred in applying the law
to the magistrate's factual findings for the amount of the damages award. LULAC; Gill;
Ross. The magistrate found that appellant's injury to his right pinkie finger preexisted
the attack on him by the other inmate. He further found that appellant incurred minor
aggravation to his chronic leg, back, and neck injuries resulting in increased pain for a
short period of time. Finally, the magistrate determined that appellant suffered mild
anxiety for a short period of time following the assault. The trial court did not abuse its
discretion in adopting the magistrate's decision since the magistrate's findings support
the damages award. For these reasons, appellant's fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth,
and eleventh assignments of error are overruled.
{¶ 16} In his second and third assignments of error, appellant raises an additional
issue concerning the trial court's award of damages. He contends the trial court erred in
failing to attribute a separate dollar amount for each of his claimed categories of damages
and injuries; but, he cites no authority that required the trial court to separately
adjudicate each of the claimed categories of damages and injuries. Compare O'Neil v.
State, 13 Ohio App. 3d 320 (10th Dist.1984). Therefore, appellant's second and third
assignments of error are overruled.
{¶ 17} In his ninth assignment of error, appellant contends the trial court erred in
not allowing or enforcing his constitutionally protected rights. However, constitutional
No. 12AP-927 7
claims are not actionable in the Court of Claims. Baker v. Dept. of Rehab. & Corr., 10th
Dist. No. 11AP-987, 2012-Ohio-1921, ¶ 9, citing Bleicher v. Univ. of Cincinnati College of
Medicine, 78 Ohio App. 3d 302, 307 (10th Dist.1992). Instead, a plaintiff in the Court of
Claims is limited to causes of action that he could pursue as if the defendant were a
private party. See Bell v. Ohio Dept. of Rehab. & Corr., 10th Dist. No. 10AP-920, 2011-
Ohio-6559, ¶ 22. Therefore, appellant's ninth assignment of error is overruled.
{¶ 18} In his tenth assignment of error, appellant asserts the trial court erred in
not enforcing a $334,748.72 cost award that he claims was assessed against appellee. We
disagree. A prevailing party is not automatically entitled to the amount of costs the party
requests. It is within the discretion of the trial court to award a lesser amount. See, e.g.,
Hikmet v. Turkoglu, 10th Dist. No. 08AP-1021, 2009-Ohio-6477, ¶ 84, 109 (affirming
trial court's award of attorney fees and costs in an amount less than what the prevailing
parties requested). The cost bill tabulated by the trial court totaled $667.43, and
appellant has not established that the trial court erred in failing to impose a higher award
of costs. Appellant's tenth assignment of error is overruled.
IV. CONCLUSION
{¶ 19} In light of the foregoing, having overruled appellant's twelve assignments of
error, the judgment of the Court of Claims of Ohio is affirmed.
Judgment affirmed.
TYACK and SADLER, JJ., concur.
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