State v. Leet , 2016 Ohio 138 ( 2016 )

[Cite as State v. Leet, 2016-Ohio-138.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT
MONTGOMERY COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO :
:
Plaintiff-Appellee : C.A. CASE NO. 26696
:
v. : T.C. NO. 10CR635
:
GREGORY LEET : (Criminal Appeal from
: Common Pleas Court)
Defendant-Appellant :
:
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OPINION
Rendered on the ___15th___ day of ____January____, 2016.
...........
CARLEY J. INGRAM, Atty. Reg. No. 0020084, Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, 301 W.
Third Street, 5th Floor, Dayton, Ohio 45422
Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellee
LUCAS W. WILDER, Atty. Reg. No. 0074057, 120 W. Second Street, Suite 400, Dayton,
Ohio 45402
Attorney for Defendant-Appellant
.............
FROELICH, P.J.
{¶ 1} Gregory Leet appeals from his resentencing on two counts of murder
(purposeful), two counts of felony murder, two counts of felonious assault (deadly
weapon), two counts of felonious assault (serious physical harm), and one count of
tampering with evidence. Eight of the nine counts had firearm specifications. After
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merging some of the counts and the specifications, the trial court imposed consecutive
sentences totaling 36 years to life in prison.
{¶ 2} Leet’s appellate counsel has filed a brief pursuant to Anders v. California,
386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d 493 (1967), indicating that he was unable to find
any potential assignments of error having arguable merit. Counsel identified a potential
assignment of error related to the trial court’s imposition of consecutive sentences. By
entry, we informed Leet that his attorney had filed an Anders brief on his behalf and
granted him 60 days from that date to file a pro se brief. No pro se brief was filed.
{¶ 3} We have conducted our independent review of the record pursuant to
Penson v. Ohio, 488 U.S. 75, 109 S.Ct. 346, 102 L.Ed.2d 300 (1988), and we agree with
appellate counsel that there are no non-frivolous issues for review.
{¶ 4} We described the facts underlying Leet’s convictions in a prior appeal, as
follows:
One night in late February, 2010, Leet, accompanied by Kenneth
Bailey and Tylor Blevins, went to Hammerjax, a bar in downtown Dayton.
Leet was driving a Chevy Suburban. When the bar closed, Leet
approached a man named Abdul Jihad, seeking to buy cocaine. Jihad told
Leet he could obtain cocaine for $100 at a nearby apartment building. Leet
drove himself, Bailey, Blevins, and Jihad to the apartment building.
Jihad formed the intent to steal Leet’s $100. When they arrived at
the apartment building, Jihad and Leet entered the building, and went
upstairs several stories. Jihad told Leet that Leet would have to wait
outside the room while Jihad purchased the cocaine. Leet gave Jihad the
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money, which actually totaled about $80. Jihad ostensibly entered the
room, but actually, the door he went through was into a stairwell. Jihad
went down the stairs and left the building, with Leet’s money.
Bailey, who was sitting outside in the Suburban with Blevins, saw
Jihad leaving the apartment building. He called Leet on a cell phone.
When Leet realized he had been robbed, he became enraged. After
walking around looking for Jihad, Leet got into the Suburban and began
driving around, somewhat recklessly, looking for Jihad.
At one point, Leet got out of the Suburban and attacked a man on
the sidewalk, knocking him down. Local residents then emerged from their
apartments, and began yelling at Leet. Leet got into his [S]uburban, but
did not leave the area.
Two men, Nathan Gay and Harvey Sims, Jr., approached and asked
Leet what was the matter. When Leet explained, they offered to help him
find the man who had robbed him, in exchange for $100 each. Leet said
he had to go home to get the money, and Gay and Sims got into the
Suburban. Bailey and Blevins asked to be taken home, but Leet refused
to do so. Leet then drove the five of them to his home, went inside briefly,
and returned. Leet then drove to a wooded area a little over a mile and a
half away.
Leet got stuck in the snow, and Bailey, Blevins, Gay, and Sims got
out of the vehicle and helped Leet get the car out of the snow. After driving
across the road, Leet stopped, and he and Bailey got out. According to
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Bailey, Leet was still in a rage, and was upset with Bailey for not having
helped Leet assault the man downtown. Gay and Sims then got out of the
Suburban. According to both Bailey and Blevins, Leet then shot both Gay
and Sims with a revolver, and, after pausing to reload, emptied his gun,
shooting each man five times.
Leet demanded that Bailey and Blevins assist him in dragging the
bodies down to a nearby creek. Blevins was too upset to be able to help.
Leet and Bailey dragged the bodies down to the creek, where they were
discovered a few hours later.
According to Bailey, Leet retrieved a toboggan hat and a wallet from
one of the bodies. Leet and Bailey then got back in the Suburban with
Blevins, and drove away. Leet had put the expended shells from the
revolver on the front bench seat of his Suburban. He put them and the
wallet in the toboggan hat. While they were driving away, Leet threw the
toboggan hat, with the shells and the wallet inside, outside the Suburban.
They were not recovered.
State v. Leet, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 25966, 2015-Ohio-1668, ¶ 3-10 (Leet II).
{¶ 5} Leet was charged with the murders and felonious assaults of Gay and Sims,
with firearm specifications, and with tampering with evidence and aggravated robbery.
After a jury trial, Leet was acquitted of aggravated robbery, but convicted of all other
charges and specifications.
{¶ 6} Leet appealed his convictions. We reversed, holding that the trial court had
erred in overruling a motion to suppress statements Leet had made to police. State v.
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Leet, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 24692, 2012-Ohio-6186 (Leet I).
{¶ 7} In October 2013, Leet was retried before a jury and again convicted of the
murders, felonious assaults, tampering with evidence, and firearm specifications. At
sentencing, the trial court merged the murder and felonious assault convictions pertaining
to each victim into one purposeful murder conviction for each victim (Counts One and
Two). The trial court also merged all the firearm specifications into one firearm
specification. The court sentenced Leet to 15 years to life in prison for each murder, to
3 years for the firearm specification, and to 3 years for tampering with evidence, to be
served consecutively, for an aggregate sentence of 36 years to life.1
{¶ 8} Leet again appealed from his convictions, and his appellate counsel filed an
Anders brief. We rejected the Anders brief, concluding that there was at least one
potential assignment of error having arguable merit, i.e., that the trial court had erred by
imposing consecutive sentences without making the findings required by R.C.
2929.14(C)(4). We appointed new counsel who, in his sole assignment of error,
challenged the imposition of consecutive sentences due to the lack of statutory findings.
The State conceded error. We reversed Leet’s sentence and remanded for
reconsideration of whether the prison terms should be imposed consecutively. Leet II,
2d Dist. Montgomery No. 25966, 2015-Ohio-1668.
{¶ 9} On May 13, 2015, the trial court held a new sentencing hearing, during which
it made findings under R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) and re-imposed the aggregate 36-year to life
sentence. The trial court filed a written judgment entry on May 19, 2015, which imposed
1
The trial court also ordered restitution to two individuals and court costs. This aspect
of Leet’s sentence is not pertinent to this appeal.
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the consecutive sentences indicated at the sentencing hearing. The trial court’s statutory
findings were not included in the judgment entry.
{¶ 10} Leet appeals from the trial court’s judgment following resentencing. His
appellate counsel has filed an Anders brief, representing that no potentially meritorious
claims exist regarding Leet’s resentencing. We agree.
{¶ 11} After determining the sentence for a particular crime, a sentencing judge
has discretion to order an offender to serve individual counts of a sentence consecutively.
R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) provides:
If multiple prison terms are imposed on an offender for convictions of
multiple offenses, the court may require the offender to serve the prison
terms consecutively if the court finds [1] that the consecutive service is
necessary to protect the public from future crime or to punish the offender
and [2] that consecutive sentences are not disproportionate to the
seriousness of the offender’s conduct and to the danger the offender poses
to the public, and if the court also finds [3] any of the following:
(a) The offender committed one or more of the multiple offenses
while the offender was awaiting trial or sentencing, was under a sanction
imposed pursuant to section 2929.16, 2929.17, or 2929.18 of the Revised
Code, or was under post-release control for a prior offense.
(b) At least two of the multiple offenses were committed as part of
one or more courses of conduct, and the harm caused by two or more of
the multiple offenses so committed was so great or unusual that no single
prison term for any of the offenses committed as part of any of the courses
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of conduct adequately reflects the seriousness of the offender’s conduct.
(c) The offender’s history of criminal conduct demonstrates that
consecutive sentences are necessary to protect the public from future crime
by the offender.
{¶ 12} In imposing consecutive sentences, the trial court must make the statutory
findings and incorporate them into its sentencing entry, but the trial court is not required
to state reasons to support its findings. State v. Bonnell, 140 Ohio St.3d 209, 2014-Ohio-
3177, 16 N.E.3d 659, ¶ 37.
{¶ 13} In State v. Rodeffer, 2013-Ohio-5759, 5 N.E.3d 1069 (2d Dist.), we held that
we generally would no longer use an abuse of discretion standard in reviewing a felony
sentence, but would apply the standard of review set forth in R.C. 2953.08(G)(2). “On
appeals involving the imposition of consecutive sentences, R.C. 2953.08(G)(2)(a) directs
the appellate court ‘to review the record, including the findings underlying the sentence’
and to modify or vacate the sentence ‘if it clearly and convincingly finds * * * [t]hat the
record does not support the sentencing court’s findings under division * * * (C)(4) of
section 2929.14 * * * of the Revised Code.’” Bonnell at ¶ 28.
{¶ 14} At the May 13, 2015 sentencing hearing, Leet indicated that he had believed
that he was supposed to receive concurrent sentences on resentencing. The trial court
responded that it was required to consider whether the 36-year to life sentence fit under
the statutory framework and, if so, to make the necessary statutory findings. The trial
court informed Leet that it had reviewed the presentence investigation report, that it had
presided over the trial and remembered the case, and that, having “re-reviewed
everything,” it intended to make the statutory findings and re-impose the same 36-year
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sentence.
{¶ 15} Leet asked the trial court if it was true that he could not be “charged that
way” unless he was violent throughout his lifetime. The court responded that it had to
“make a number of findings and one of the last ones I have to find is either Defendant’s
history of criminal conduct demonstrates the consecutive sentences are necessary to
protect the public and although you have a number of misdemeanors and one felony, you
don’t really fit in that one.” The court indicated that he “fit into” the finding that at least
two of the multiple offenses were committed as part of one or more courses of conduct
and the harm caused by two or more of the multiple offenses were so great and unusual
that no single prison term can adequately reflect [the] seriousness of the defendant’s
conduct. The court continued: “Basically, you executed two people because you were
mad at someone else who ripped you off $100 in a drug deal. So, I believe you, clearly,
fit under that and that is the finding that I would make * * *.”
{¶ 16} The trial court then re-imposed the same sentence of 36 years to life in
prison. With respect to consecutive sentencing, the trial court found that (1) consecutive
service was necessary to protect the public from future crime, and that a consecutive
sentence was necessary to punish Leet, (2) consecutive sentences were not
disproportionate to the seriousness of Leet’s conduct and to the danger that he poses to
the public, and (3) at least two of the multiple offenses were committed as part of one or
more courses of conduct and the harm caused by two or more of the multiple offenses
was so great and unusual that no single prison term could adequately reflect the
seriousness of his conduct. The court again noted to Leet that he was "trying to buy
drugs from someone, someone ripped you off and based on that you shot two other
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people, had two other people helping you with something and you took them out to the
woods and executed them.”
{¶ 17} Upon review of the record, particularly the factual circumstances underlying
the charges of which Leet was convicted, we find no arguably meritorious claim that the
trial court erred in imposing consecutive sentences. The trial court made the necessary
findings under R.C. 2929.14(C)(4), and those findings are supported by the record.
Accordingly, we agree with appellate counsel that this appeal is frivolous.
{¶ 18} The trial court’s May 19, 2015 judgment entry does not include the statutory
findings in support of the consecutive sentences. “A trial court’s inadvertent failure to
incorporate the statutory findings [for consecutive sentences] in the sentencing entry after
properly making those findings at the sentencing hearing does not render the sentence
contrary to law; rather, such a clerical mistake may be corrected by the court through a
nunc pro tunc entry to reflect what actually occurred in open court.” Bonnell at ¶ 30.
Accordingly, the failure to incorporate the findings, made at the sentencing hearing, into
the sentencing entry, is not a basis for reversal of the judgment. State v. Snowden, 2d
Dist. Montgomery No. 26329, 2015-Ohio-1049, ¶ 13, ¶ 18.
{¶ 19} The trial court’s judgment will be affirmed. However, the matter will be
remanded to the trial court for the issuance of a nunc pro tunc entry correcting the clerical
error in the May 19, 2015 judgment entry.
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FAIN, J. and DONOVAN, J., concur.
Copies mailed to:
Carley J. Ingram
Lucas W. Wilder
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Gregory Leet
Hon. Barbara P. Gorman