State v. Davis , 2016 Ohio 879 ( 2016 )

[Cite as State v. Davis, 2016-Ohio-879.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
TWELFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO
WARREN COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO, :
CASE NOS. CA2015-09-081
Plaintiff-Appellee, : CA2015-09-082
: OPINION
- vs - 3/7/2016
:
RANDY T. DAVIS, :
Defendant-Appellant. :
CRIMINAL APPEAL FROM WARREN COUNTY COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
Case No. 10 CR 26980
David P. Fornshell, Warren County Prosecuting Attorney, Michael Greer, 500 Justice Drive,
Lebanon, Ohio 45036, for plaintiff-appellee
Timothy J. McKenna, 125 East Court Street, Suite 950, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202, for
defendant-appellant
RINGLAND, J.
{¶ 1} Defendant-appellant, Randy Davis, appeals from a decision in the Warren
County Court of Common Pleas revoking his community control and imposing a prison term.
For the reasons detailed below, we affirm.
{¶ 2} Davis was convicted of trafficking in heroin in 2010 and sentenced to three
years of community control. A community control violation was later filed against Davis in
2012 after he was arrested for domestic violence and violation of a temporary protection
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order. Davis was separately indicted for the felony domestic violence offense and later pled
guilty to the domestic violence charge and to the community control violation with respect to
the heroin trafficking case. Ultimately, the trial court continued community control in the
trafficking case and placed Davis on three years community control in the domestic violence
case. As a condition of his community control, Davis was ordered to successfully complete
an in-patient mental health program.
{¶ 3} In October 2014, another community control violation was reported and filed
against Davis alleging that he had violated the terms of his community control after he was
arrested for criminal damaging. Davis admitted the violation and was continued on
community control.
{¶ 4} Subsequently, in August 2015, Davis received another community control
violation involving allegations that he was convicted of drug abuse, testing positive for the
synthetic drug "spice," and having unauthorized contact with law enforcement by serving as a
confidential informant without court approval.
{¶ 5} The trial court held a final hearing on the community control violations. Initially,
Davis' counsel indicated that Davis intended to admit to the violations. However, Davis later
indicated that he wished to plead "not guilty by reason of insanity" because he didn't
understand what was happening, he was using drugs at the time, and had "50,000 things
going through my head right now." Davis' counsel moved for a competency evaluation, which
the trial court denied.
{¶ 6} Following a hearing, the trial court determined that Davis had violated the terms
of his community control and imposed a sentence of 16 months on the trafficking in heroin
case and ten months on the domestic violence case and ordered that those sentences be
served concurrently. Davis now appeals this decision, raising two assignment of error for
review.
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{¶ 7} Assignment of Error No. 1:
{¶ 8} THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED IT'S [sic] DISCRETION IN DENYING THE
DEFENDANT'S MOTION FOR COMPETENCY AND FOR HAVING A HEARING WHEN THE
DEFENDANT WAS INCOMPETENT.
{¶ 9} In his first assignment of error, Davis argues the trial court erred by denying his
motion for a competency hearing during his probation revocation hearing. We disagree.
{¶ 10} "Although a revocation proceeding must comport with the requirements of due
process, it is not a criminal proceeding." State v. Payne, 12th Dist. Warren No. CA2001-09-
081, 2002-Ohio-1916; State v. Mullins, 12th Dist. Butler Nos. CA2011-10-195 and CA2011-
10-196, 2012-Ohio-5005, ¶ 9. Not all protections afforded in a criminal trial apply to
revocation proceedings. Payne at ¶ 15. For example, the Ohio Rules of Evidence do not
apply, Evid.R. 101(C)(3), there is no right to a jury trial, and the privilege against self-
incrimination is not available to a probationer. Id. In addition, the decision whether to grant a
hearing on competency at a revocation hearing is within the sound discretion of the trial
court, and must be determined on a case-by-case basis. State v. Brank, 5th Dist.
Tuscarawas No. 2006AP090053, 2007-Ohio-919, ¶ 44, citing State v. Qualls, 50 Ohio
App.3d 56 (10th Dist.1988); State v. Bell, 66 Ohio App. 3d 52, 57 (5th Dist.1990) (finding the
trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying a competency hearing and noting that a
"probation revocation proceeding is not a stage of a criminal prosecution").
{¶ 11} In the present case, Davis did not request a competency hearing until after the
revocation hearing had begun. Prior to the request, Davis' counsel indicated to the court that
Davis was prepared to enter an admission to the violations. However, Davis changed his
mind and stated that he was "going to plead insanity on this, because it's not right."
Furthermore Davis indicated "I don't understand how you're all doing this. I don't understand
it at all."
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{¶ 12} When the trial court explained that the proceeding was a final probation
violation hearing, Davis stated that he understood. In explaining the procedures further, the
trial court stated:
THE COURT: What that means is, is that here in a minute, Mr.
Harris is going to present some evidence to me as to whether or
not you violated the terms of your community control in both of
these cases. After he calls that witness to the stand, that witness
is going to testify. [Defense Counsel] has the ability to ask that
witness questions if he wants to and then after I hear that
witness, if you want to present some evidence on your own
behalf that you did not violate the terms of your community
control, you can do that.
***
DEFENDANT DAVIS: I understand that.
Subsequently, the trial court denied Davis' request for a competency hearing. Later,
Davis stated:
DEFENDANT DAVIS: I don't know, I took a lot of drugs today
and I just don't understand. I mean, I understand what you're
saying, because - - but there's like 50,000 things going through
my head right now. I don't - - I don't know what to say.
{¶ 13} Upon review of the record, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying
Davis' request for a competency hearing. Here, the record is clear that after Davis stated that
he did not "understand how you're all doing this," the trial court explained the proceeding and
the procedures going forward. Thereafter, on two separate occasions, Davis stated that he
understood. Simply, the trial court could properly determine whether the situation warranted
further investigation into Davis' competency. Absent Davis' self-serving statements, there is
no evidence warranting further investigation into Davis' competency. The record does not
support Davis' contention that he was incompetent and the decision by the trial court was not
an abuse of discretion. Accordingly, Davis' first assignment of error is without merit and
overruled.
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{¶ 14} Assignment of Error No. 2:
{¶ 15} THE RECORD DOES NOT SUPPORT THE SENTENCE IMPOSED BY THE
COURT, AND THE COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN SENTENCING THE
APPELLANT TO PRISON.
{¶ 16} In his second assignment of error, Davis alleges the trial erred by imposing a
16-month prison sentence because the trial court "did not balance the mitigating factors with
the aggravating circumstances" and "did not take into account the fact that [Davis] had a
mental illness." We find Davis' argument to be without merit.
{¶ 17} "[C]ommunity control revocation proceedings are not the same as a criminal
trial, and a revocation of community control punishes the failure to comply with the terms and
conditions of community control, not the specific conduct that led to the revocation." State v.
Artz, 2d Dist. Champaign No. 2014-CA-34, 2015-Ohio-3789, ¶ 11. Upon revoking community
control, the trial court may (1) lengthen the term of the community control sanction; (2)
impose a more restrictive community control sanction; or (3) impose a prison term on the
offender, provided that the prison term is within the range of prison terms available for the
offense for which community control had been imposed and the term does not exceed the
prison term specified in the notice provided to the offender at the original sentencing hearing.
R.C. 2929.15(B). A "trial court has significant discretion in sentencing a defendant for a
community control violation, so long as it is consistent with the purposes and principles of
sentencing and with notification provided by the trial court when imposing the community
control sanctions." Artz at ¶ 11; State v. Brooks, 103 Ohio St. 3d 134, 2004-Ohio-4746, ¶ 20
(stating that a trial court has "a great deal of latitude in sentencing" an offender for a
community control violation).
{¶ 18} In the present case, Davis was placed on community control following his
trafficking in heroin and domestic violence convictions. The judgment entries imposing
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community control in both cases expressly stated that the trial court had considered the
principles and purposes of sentencing under R.C. 2929.11 and balanced the seriousness
and recidivism factors under R.C. 2929.12. Additionally, in revoking Davis' community
control, the trial court provided ample reasons for imposing a prison term, including a detailed
explanation of the issues involved in Davis' case.
THE COURT: Mr. Davis, the problem that I have in this case,
couple of problems I have in this case. First of all, we've had
numerous violations in this. Not only the violations that we've
talked about today. We've had some technical violations. Officer
Hogg and I have staffed this case periodically over the time that
you've been on probation with me and it's always been my
position Mr. Davis, to try to manage you to the best of my ability
in the community and I acknowledge what [defense counsel] is
saying, which is we do not need our prisons filled up with folks
who have mental health issues. We've tried in-patient treatment.
We've tried everything we can do in this case that I can think of
Mr. Davis to try to manage you in the community.
DEFENDANT DAVIS: I do know that.
THE COURT: And, Mr. Davis, the fact that you've picked up new
felony charges, while you were on probation with me - - you
worked with the TASK Force, which is completely inconsistent
with what I do on probation, put you in touch with people, having
you go into the community, having you lie to people, being
around people and I think we talked about this at your
preliminary violation hearing, Mr. Davis. You know that's not
good for you. You need to get away from those influences, you
need to get away from those substances and you need to get
away from those people. But, you did that in your misdemeanor
case, which I don't think it's appropriate for me to give you credit
or mitigation as [defense counsel] said twice. You've got felony
charges knocked down to misdemeanors in Lebanon Municipal
Court for what you did and that's not in front of me. Maybe that
was appropriate in that case. Maybe it wasn't, I don't know, but it
is not constructive moving forward Mr. Davis to try to continue
you on community control.
I think to continue you back in the community, to return you to
the community, on probation, is not consistent with the purposes
and principals of sentencing. It would seriously demean not only
what you did in this case, but your behavior on probation. I am
going to sentence you * * * in those two cases.
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{¶ 19} Contrary to Davis' argument on appeal, the trial court did balance the
appropriate factors in deciding to impose a term of incarceration. See, e.g., State v. Carlton,
2d Dist. Montgomery No. 26086, 2014-Ohio-3835, ¶ 20 (affirming the revocation of
community control and imposing a prison term). As the trial court noted, Davis had
repeatedly violated the terms of his community control and had been given ample opportunity
to correct his behavior. While the trial court noted Davis' mental illness, and its feelings on
incarcerating the mentally ill, the trial court nevertheless found that the imposition of a prison
term was appropriate and to continue the imposition of community control would not be
"consistent with the purposes and principals of sentencing." As such, Davis' second
assignment of error is without merit and accordingly overruled.
{¶ 20} Judgment affirmed.
M. POWELL, P.J., and HENDRICKSON, J., concur.
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