Kalosky v. City of Waterbury , 1 Conn. App. 105 ( 1983 )

The plaintiff, a retired member of the Waterbury fire department, brought this action claiming that he was entitled to a disability pension equal to 76 percent of his annual pay. During the trial, corporation counsel for the city of Waterbury was allowed to testify on the history of art. XXXIII, 12 of the collective bargaining agreement between the city and Local 1339 International Association of Fire-fighters, AFL-CIO. The trial court admitted the evidence. Judgment was rendered for the defendants, and the plaintiff appealed.¹

The facts can be summarized as follows: The plaintiff had been a regular member of the fire department until he sustained injuries during the course of his employment which prevented him from discharging his duties as a firefighter. The defendant Waterbury retirement board (board) granted the plaintiff a disability pension equal to 58 percent of his annual pay. The board granted the pension pursuant to division 2, 2746 of the Waterbury city charter and article XXXIII, 12.

The plaintiff assigns as error the trial court's ruling admitting the testimony of corporation counsel on the historical background of article XXXIII, 12. The first sentence of 12 provides that "[t]he parties hereto agree that, effective as of July 1, 1977, any provision to the contrary notwithstanding, an employee who applies for, and receives, a disability pension . . . shall be entitled to and shall receive, a maximum disability, pension of seventy-six per cent (76%) of "annual pay." According to the plaintiff, this section mandates that the board grant him, as a qualified employee, a pension equal to 76 percent.

During the trial the defendants offered the testimony of corporation counsel who had negotiated municipal contracts for the defendant city with the union representing the employee bargaining groups. He testified as to the intention of the parties in negotiating article XXXIII, 12 and discussed division 2, 2746 of the Waterbury city charter,² which is not referred to in 12. The plaintiff contends that corporation counsel should have been barred from interjecting the issue of the effect of 2746 on 12 because the defendants, in their answer, admitted paragraph 3 of the plaintiff's complaint which stated: "At all times mentioned herein, pension agreements between the City of Waterbury and the plaintiff were governed by a 1977-1980 Written Agreement between the City of Waterbury, Connecticut, and Local 1339 International Association of Fire-fighters, AFL-CIO." The defendants argue that they never admitted that the pension agreements in question were governed exclusively by 12 and, furthermore, the failure of the plaintiff to object to the admissibility of 2746 on this ground precludes appellate review.³ We will not consider a claim which was neither ruled upon nor decided by the trial court adversely to the moving party. See Roche v. Fairfield,186 Conn. 490, 505 n. 14, 442 A.2d 911 (1982). The remainder of the plaintiff's argument is that since 12 stands by itself, it is not necessary to read it with other provisions of the city charter nor is evidence necessary for an interpretation of 12. We do not agree. The ruling of the trial court admitting the testimony on the historical background of 12 was correct.

"Parol evidence is admissible (1) to explain an ambiguity appearing in the instrument; (2) to prove a collateral oral agreement which does not vary the terms of the writing; (3) to add a missing term in a writing which indicates on its face that it does not set forth the complete agreement; (4) to show mistake or fraud." Jay Realty, Inc. v. Ahearn Development Corporation,189 Conn. 52, 56, 553 A.2d 771 (1983); Merritt-Chapman Scott Corporation v. Mauro, 171 Conn. 177,194-95, 368 A.2d 44 (1976) (Cotter, J., dissenting). The parol evidence was received in order to resolve the ambiguity as to the intent the parties meant to express by the phrase "shall be entitled to and shall receive a maximum disability pension of seventy-six percent of annual pay." See Ruscito v. F-Dyne Electronics Co.,177 Conn. 149, 160, 411 A.2d 1371 (1979); John Arborio, Inc. v. Scapin, 121 Conn. 492, 498, 186 A. 488 (1936). Such evidence may properly be received to show the meaning of the word or words, as understood by the parties at the time the contract was entered into and the meaning which may be given to them when used in connection with the particular circumstances. Fairfield Lease Corporation v. Eastern Sportswear Co., 6 Conn. Cir. Ct. 347, 351, 273 A.2d 300 (1970).

The testimony elicited regarding the historical development of 12 set forth the minimum parameter for disability pensions which had been included in 2746. The evidence was necessary because the term "maximum" as used in 12 did not refer to a minimum amount and the evidence clarified any ambiguity in the first sentence of 12. The term "maximum" in its ordinary meaning⁴ sets an upper limit of 76 percent which the board may not exceed in awarding a disability pension. The board had discretion to award a disability pension of 58 percent to the plaintiff. We hold that the testimony was properly admitted by the trial court.

There is no error.

In this opinion the other judges concurred.