Moore v. Rogan, Commissioner , 96 Tex. 375 ( 1903 )

BROWN, Associate Justice.

Moore instituted this proceeding in this court-to secure a writ of mandamus against Charles Rogan, Commissioner of the General Land Office, commanding him to rescind his action in canceling a purchase made by relator of two sections of land described in the petition, and to reinstate the contract of purchase and to notify the Treasurer of the State of Texas of his action in the premises so that the relator might make his payments according to his obligations and as required by law.

The petition alleges in substance, that on the first day of March, 1901, the relator, a citizen of Borden County, Texas, made application to the district surveyor of Howard County land district to survey for him certain public domain situated in Borden County. This application was made under the provision of chapter 11 of the General Laws of the first called session of the Twenty-sixth Legislature, page 29. A deputy surveyor of said district, in compliance with said application, surveyed two tracts, one being No. 4, in block T, containing 640 acres, classified by him as dry agricultural land, the other being No. 6 in the same block containing 341 acres, classified as dry grazing. The surveyor certified and recorded the field notes and plats of the surveys, and on the 25th day of March, 1901, returned the application of the relator for the survey and field notes of the two tracts surveyed thereunder to the Commissioner of the Genera], Land Office at Austin. On the 18th day of January, 1902, the Commissioner of the General Land Office approved the surveys, classified No. 4 as dry agricultural land valued at $1.50 per acre and No. 6 as dry grazing land valued at $1 per acre, and notified Moore that he was entitled to purchase the land, whereupon Moore forwarded his application to purchase section 4, upon which he was then residing as an actual settler, and another application to purchase section 6, which was within a radius of five miles of section 4, as land in addition to his home section. Moore was an actual settler in good faith upon section 4 and complied with the law in making his application, in executing his obligation, and in making payment upon each tract sought to be purchased. The Commissioner of the General Land Office accepted the application for the purchase of each of said sections and awarded the land to Moore. On March 6, 1902, the said Commissioner canceled the award that had been made to Moore, caused the Treasurer of the State to cancel the same on his records, and rejected the applications to purchase the land, assigning as a reason that it had been previously leased and was still subject to the lease which was in force and in good standing. Before the applications were made by Moore the land had been leased to O. T. Boyd for a term to expire August 12, -1902. Moore was the first to make application for the purchase of the land and no one had a preference right to purchase the same. The petition does not allege that the tract of land out of which the surveys were made contained 2560 acres or less, nor what number of acres it embraced. Relator claims in his petition that the provision of the law "which created the absolute lease district, in which the land in question lies, did not apply to public domain, and that the lease constituted no legal barrier to his purchase. It is also alleged that if the law did apply to the- land, then the Act of 1900 under which the purchase was made, authorized the sale of the land notwithstanding the lease.

Charles Rogan’s term of office expired after the petition was filed, and J. J. Terrell, having been elected and qualified as his successor, filed his answer in this cause in which he demurs generally to the relator’s petition, and specially excepting to the said petition says, "that it is insufficient since it does not appear by the allegation of the petition that the surveys or sections of land referred to were out of a tract containing 2560 acres or less; nor does it appear what was the size of the tract of land out of which the tracts applied for by relator were surveyed.” The respondent pleads specially that the tract of land out of which it was sought to purchase the land in question contained more than 2560 acres, which is not denied.

The allegations of the relator’s petition show that the land in question was a part of the public domain which was transferred to the public free school fund by an act of the first called session of the Twenty-sixth Legislature, entitled "An act to define the public school fund,” etc., approved February 23, 1900. The petition shows that the land was not subject to sale by the Commissioner of the General Land Office by the proceeding which the relator adopted, unless it was embraced in the provisions of the following section of the above recited act:

"Section 6. Any -person desiring to purchase any portion of the land herein appropriated to the public school fund out of a tract containing 2560 acres, or less, shall first make to the surveyor of the county or district in which the land, or a part thereof, is situated, written application, signed and sworn to by the said applicant, giving his postoffice address, and designating the land he desires to purchase by metes and bounds, as near as practicable, afid stating that he desires tó have said lands surveyed with the intention of purchasing the same, and that he is not acting in collusion with or attempting to acquire said land for any other person, stating therein whether or not he is claiming any preference right to purchase, and the nature of such preference right. It shall be the duty of the surveyor to file and record such application, and, within sixty days of the filing thereof, to survey said land in accordance with the direction of the Commissioner of the General Land Office, into a section or sections, of one mile square each, whenever practicable, in case one or more sections are applied for; and in all cases such land shall be surveyed in a square or rectangular shape whenever practicable, and within thirty days of the date of said survey the surveyor shall certify to, record and plat the field notes of the same, and return same and the application to the General Land Office, and he shall state whether or not the land is agricultural, grazing or timbered, and if timbered the probable value of the land. The applicant shall pay to the surveyor one dollar for filing and recording said application, and shall pay such other fees as are now or may be provided by law for surveying lands. If the Commissioner of the General Land Office finds that the field notes are correct, and that the survey has been made according to law, he shall at once approve and file said field notes, and classify and value the land as the law requires, and notify, by mail, the applicant that the land is on the market for sale, stating the classification and the value thereof; and within sixty days of the mailing of said notice the applicant shall make application and affidavit to purchase said land, describe said land sought to be purchased in accordance with field notes approved by the Commissioner of the General Land Office and make first payment to the State Treasurer, and execute his obligation for the unpaid purchase money in the manner provided by law for surveyed school lands; provided, if the land sought to be purchased is detached lands, as defined in section 5 of this act, the affidavit shall not be required to state that he desires the same for a home or that he is actually settled thereon.” Laws 2d Called Sess. 26th Leg., p. 29.

The allegations of the petition do not show that the land sought to be purchased was a part of a tract embracing 2560 acres, or less, and having failed to allege that the land was embraced in the terms of section 6, above quoted, the relator shows no right in himself to purchase, nor power in the Commissioner to sell the land.

The validity of the lease is immaterial, since the relator must fail for want of a right in himself to buy. The Commissioner having inadvertently exercised authority over the land which the law did not give him, had the right to cancel the void contract which he made with the relator.

The application for writ of mandamus is denied and the cost of this proceeding will be taxed against the relator.

Mandamus refused.