Hoge v. Ward , 104 W. Va. 284 ( 1927 )

Harold M. Ward seeks a reversal of a judgment of the circuit court of Kanawha County sustaining the action of the court of common pleas in entering judgment on a verdict against him. Several years ago Ward sold a certain lot, taking in part payment from his grantees their three joint negotiable promissory notes, payable in one, two and three years after date, and retaining a vendor's lien to secure the same. Sometime after the second note of said series had become due, Ward transferred the same to plaintiff's decedent, and later released his vendor's lien. The lot has now passed into the hands of a third party. Plaintiff instituted this action in assumpsit to recover certain specific damages (the remainder due on the note held by her) alleged to have been suffered because of the breach of an alleged implied covenant contained in the written assignment whereby Ward assigned said note without recourse to her decedent. Ward contends that the declaration did not allege facts sufficient to support the damages claimed by the plaintiff.

A declaration in assumpsit which avers an undertaking on behalf of the defendant and a legal consideration therefor, a breach in failing to keep the undertaking, and an injury to the plaintiff therefrom, is generally sufficient. Hall v.Philadelphia Co., 74 W. Va. 172; Union Stopper Co. v. McGara,66 W. Va. 403. The declaration under consideration, after alleging an implied warranty on behalf of the defendant to the effect that he would not release his vendor's lien securing the payment of the note, and setting up the fact that he did thereafter execute a release, ends with a statement to the effect that the plaintiff is damaged thereby to the extent of the remainder due on the note held by her, plus interest. But is this latter allegation based on proper facts? Although attempting to waive the tort and recover for damages for breach of an implied contract, plaintiff must show wherein she has sustained legal damages. The makers of the notes have not been proceeded against. So far as plaintiff is concerned, the original makers are still able to pay the note, if demand is made. At least, there is no averment to the contrary in the declaration. The fact that they transferred the property to Moore, Trustee, who agreed to assume the payment of the note, does not relieve them of their liability as makers as between third parties. No request or demand of any kind was made of them for payment. They might have been standing ready and willing to pay. While a portion of the security may be beyond plaintiff's control, yet she has not shown that she needs such security to protect her interests. The demurrer to the declaration should have been sustained. The judgment of the circuit court is therefore reversed and the case remanded with leave to the plaintiff to amend her declaration, if she be so advised.

Reversed and remanded.