State v. Bateman , 2021 Ohio 57 ( 2021 )

[Cite as State v. Bateman, 2021-Ohio-57.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
JACKSON COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO, :
: Case No. 19CA13
Plaintiff-Appellee, :
:
v. : DECISION AND JUDGMENT
: ENTRY
CHARLES BATEMAN, :
:
Defendant-Appellant. : RELEASED: 1/6/2021
_____________________________________________________________
APPEARANCES:
Justin Lovett, Jackson County Prosecutor, and William L. Archer, Assistant
Prosecutor, Jackson, Ohio, for Appellee.
Felice Harris, Columbus, Ohio, for Appellant.
_____________________________________________________________
Wilkin, J.
{¶1} This is an appeal from a Jackson County Court of Common Pleas
judgment adopting a plea agreement whereby Appellant, Charles Bateman,
pleaded guilty to tampering with evidence in violation of R.C. 2921.12(A)(1), a
third-degree felony. In his brief, Appellant asserted three assignments of error:
(1) the trial court erred in denying Appellant’s motion to dismiss due to speedy
trial provisions of R.C. 2945.71, (2) Appellant was denied the effective assistance
of counsel guaranteed by the United States and Ohio Constitutions, and (3) the
trial court incorrectly calculated Appellant’s jail time credit. However, at oral
argument, Appellant waived assignments of error one (1) and three (3). After
reviewing the facts of the case and the applicable law, we overrule Appellant’s
sole assignment of error, and affirm the trial court’s entry of conviction.
Jackson App. No. 19CA13 2
BACKGROUND
{¶2} Pursuant to a traffic stop on March 5, 2016, a trooper found heroin
and cocaine in Appellant’s vehicle. On January 8, 2018, the State charged
Appellant with a five-count criminal indictment, including possession and
trafficking in heroin, possession and trafficking in cocaine, and tampering with
evidence. On February 7, 2018, a warrant was issued for Appellant’s arrest.
However, he was not arrested until August 8, 2018.
{¶3} On September 11, 2018, Appellant pleaded not guilty to all five
charges, and was released on his own recognizance. A pretrial conference was
set for November 6, 2018 and trial for December 27, 2018. On November 5,
2018, Appellant filed a motion to continue the pretrial hearing because he did not
have transportation. The trial court granted the motion and set the pretrial
conference for December 11, 2018. However, Appellant did not show for the
pretrial, so the trial court ordered a $200,000 bond, issued a warrant for
Appellant’s arrest, vacated the December 27th trial date, and set a new pretrial
date for May 7, 2019.
{¶4} Appellant was arrested on April 24, 2019 and trial was set for July 29,
2019. On July 26, 2019, Appellant filed a motion to dismiss the charges due to a
violation of speedy trial rights. Three days later, the parties began voir dire in an
attempt to select a jury for Appellant’s trial. However, the parties were unable to
agree on twelve eligible jurors and an alternate, and both attorneys expressed
concerns in proceeding without an alternate juror. Consequently, the trial judge
determined that a new trial date would need to be set and dismissed the jurors
Jackson App. No. 19CA13 3
who had been selected. Prior to adjourning, the trial court orally denied
Appellant’s motion to dismiss his case for a speedy trial violation.
{¶5} Several weeks later, the parties reached a plea agreement with a
recommended 24-month sentence, and on August 29, 2019 the trial court held a
plea hearing on the sole charge of tampering with evidence. During the plea
hearing the trial court asked Appellant: “You understand that any pending motion
or issue would be considered waived by the court if you enter a plea of guilty
today.” Appellant responded: “Yes, sir.” After the trial court completed its
colloquy with the Appellant, during which the court discussed with Appellant his
constitutional and non-constitutional rights pursuant to Crim.R. 11(C), it found
that Appellant’s plea was knowing, intelligent, and voluntary, and accepted his
guilty plea. The trial court then imposed the recommended 24-month sentence.
It is this judgment that Appellant appeals, asserting a single assignment of error.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR
I. APPELLANT WAS DENIED EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF
COUNSEL GUARANTEED BY THE UNITED STATES AND OHIO
CONSTITUTIONS
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR
{¶6} Appellant alleges that his trial counsel was ineffective for failing to
renew Appellant’s motion to dismiss for a speedy trial violation. Appellant claims
that but for his counsel’s ineffectiveness the outcome of his case would have
been different.
{¶7} In response, the State argues that Appellant waived his speedy trial
rights when he pleaded guilty herein. The State further asserts that Appellant’s
Jackson App. No. 19CA13 4
agreed sentence of 24 months was significantly less than the 5.5 to 20.5 year
sentence the trial court could have imposed if Appellant had been convicted of all
charges. Under these circumstances, the State argues that there was nothing
deficient about trial counsel’s representation of the Appellant.
{¶8} “To prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, a criminal
defendant must establish (1) deficient performance by counsel, i.e., performance
falling below an objective standard of reasonable representation, and (2)
prejudice, i.e., a reasonable probability that, but for counsel's errors, the result of
the proceeding would have been different.” State v. Fleming, 4th Dist. Hocking
No. 14CA10, 2015-Ohio-855, ¶ 6, citing State v. Short, 129 Ohio St.3d 360,
2011–Ohio–3641, 952 N.E.2d 1121, ¶ 113; Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S.
668, 687, 104 S.Ct. 2052.
{¶9} “ [A] guilty plea ‘ “renders irrelevant those constitutional violations not
logically inconsistent with the valid establishment of factual guilt and which do not
stand in the way of conviction if factual guilt is validly established.” ’ ” State v.
Lewis, 4th Dist. Adams No. 18CA1073, 2019-Ohio-3154, ¶ 7, quoting State v.
Fitzpatrick, 102 Ohio St.3d 321, 2004-Ohio-3167, 810 N.E.2d 927, ¶ 78,
quoting Menna v. New York, 423 U.S. 61, 62, fn.2, 96 S.Ct. 241, 46 L.Ed.2d 195.
Consequently, “a voluntary, knowing, and intelligent guilty plea waives any
alleged constitutional violations unrelated to the entry of the guilty plea and
nonjurisdictional defects in the proceedings.” Id., citing State v. Ketterer, 111
Ohio St.3d 70, 2006-Ohio-5283, 855 N.E.2d 48, ¶ 105; State v. Storms, 4th Dist.
Athens No. 05CA30, 2006-Ohio-3547, ¶ 9. This includes waiver of a defendant’s
Jackson App. No. 19CA13 5
speedy trial rights. Montpelier v. Greeno, 25 Ohio St.3d 170, 170, 495 N.E.2d
581 (1986); State v. Kelley, 57 Ohio St.3d 127, 130, 566 N.E.2d 658 (1991) And
we have recognized that “ ‘[a] plea of guilty * * * waives the right to claim that the
accused was prejudiced by constitutionally ineffective counsel, except to the
extent the defects complained of caused the plea to be less than knowing and
voluntary.’ ” (Footnote omitted) (Emphasis added.) State v. McCann, 4th Dist.
Lawrence No. 10CA12, 2011-Ohio-3339, ¶ 18, quoting State v. Floyd , 4th
Dist. Scioto No. 92CA2102, 1993 WL 415287(Oct. 13, 1993), citing State v.
Barnett, 73 Ohio App.3d 244, 248-249, 596 N.E.2d 110 (2nd Dist.1991 ); see
also State v. Goodwin, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 93249, 2010-Ohio-1210, ¶ 10-
11; State v. Harvey, 3d Dist. Allen No. 1-09-48, 2010-Ohio-1627, ¶ 30; State v.
Mayle, 5th Dist. Morgan No. CA 07–3, 2008–Ohio–286, ¶ 39; State v.
Melampy, 12th Dist. Brown No. CA2007-04-008, 2008-Ohio-5838, ¶ 22. A
counsel’s failure to raise a speedy trial violation does not cause an appellant's
waiver of his or her trial rights to be less than knowing and voluntary. Barnett, at
249. Therefore, a guilty plea waives claims of ineffective assistance of counsel
based upon statutory speedy trial issues. McCann at ¶ 18, Goodwin at ¶ 10,
Mayle, at ¶ 39.
{¶10} Initially we note that the trial court engaged in a colloquy with the
Appellant discussing his constitutional and non-constitutional rights, which
included Appellant’s acknowledgment that entering the plea waived any pending
motion or issue. And Appellant does not allege that his plea was not knowing,
voluntary or intelligent. Consequently, by entering the plea agreement, Appellant
Jackson App. No. 19CA13 6
not only waived his right to challenge his speedy trial rights under Greeno, but
also waived his right to challenge the effectiveness of his counsel to assert those
rights. McCann at ¶ 18, Goodwin at ¶ 10, Mayle, at ¶ 39. Therefore, because
Appellant waived his right to bring an ineffective assistance of counsel claim by
entering the plea bargain, we overrule his assignment of error.
CONCLUSION
{¶11} Having overruled Appellant’s sole assignment of error, we affirm the
trial court’s judgment entry of conviction.
JUDGMENT AFFIRMED
Jackson App. No. 19CA13 7
JUDGMENT ENTRY
It is ordered that the JUDGMENT IS AFFIRMED and that Appellant shall
pay the costs.
The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing the
Jackson County Common Pleas Court to carry this judgment into execution.
IF A STAY OF EXECUTION OF SENTENCE AND RELEASE UPON BAIL
HAS BEEN PREVIOUSLY GRANTED BY THE TRIAL COURT OR THIS
COURT, it is temporarily continued for a period not to exceed sixty days upon the
bail previously posted. The purpose of a continued stay is to allow Appellant to
file with the Supreme Court of Ohio an application for a stay during the pendency
of proceedings in that court. If a stay is continued by this entry, it will terminate at
the earlier of the expiration of the sixty-day period, or the failure of the Appellant
to file a notice of appeal with the Supreme Court of Ohio in the forty-five-day
appeal period pursuant to Rule II, Sec. 2 of the Rules of Practice of the Supreme
Court of Ohio. Additionally, if the Supreme Court of Ohio dismisses the appeal
prior to expiration of sixty days, the stay will terminate as of the date of such
dismissal.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule
27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Hess, J. & Abele, J.: Concur in Judgment and Opinion.
For the Court,
BY: __________________________
Kristy Wilkin, Judge
NOTICE TO COUNSEL
Pursuant to Local Rule No. 14, this document constitutes a final
judgment entry and the time period for further appeal commences from the
date of filing with the clerk.