United States v. Joseph William Folen, IV , 84 F.3d 1103 ( 1996 )

84 F.3d 1103

UNITED STATES of America, Appellee,
v.
Joseph William FOLEN, IV, Appellant.

No. 95-3496.

United States Court of Appeals,
Eighth Circuit.

Submitted May 30, 1996.
Decided June 4, 1996.

Omar F. Green, II, Little Rock, AR, for Appellant.

Clarence Daniel Stripling, Little Rock, AR, for Appellee.

Before McMILLIAN, WOLLMAN, and MURPHY, Circuit Judges.

WOLLMAN, Circuit Judge.

1

Joseph William Folen, IV, appeals his conviction following his conditional guilty plea to conspiring to violate 18 U.S.C. § 842(i), which prohibits felons from possessing explosives that have travelled in interstate commerce. We affirm.

2

Folen and a friend broke into a storage shed at a quarry in Pulaski County, Arkansas, and stole explosives. After his arrest, Folen pleaded guilty to an information charging him with conspiring "to possess explosives which had been shipped or transported in interstate commerce." Having reserved his right to challenge the constitutionality of section 842(i), Folen moved the court to dismiss the information, citing United States v. Lopez, --- U.S. ----, ----, 115 S. Ct. 1624, 1634, 131 L. Ed. 2d 626 (1995). The district court1 rejected Folen's challenge and sentenced him to sixty months imprisonment and three years of supervised release.

3

On appeal, Folen argues that Congress has exceeded its power under the Commerce Clause by continuing to regulate indefinitely the possession of explosives after they have crossed state lines; and that his conduct, which occurred entirely within Pulaski County, constituted a local offense and did not substantially affect interstate commerce.

4

The constitutionality of a statute is a legal question we review de novo. United States v. Monteleone, 77 F.3d 1086, 1091 (8th Cir.1996).

5

Section 842(i)(1) makes it unlawful for a felon to "possess any explosive which has been shipped or transported in interstate ... commerce." We hold that section 842(i)(1) is constitutional because its express jurisdictional element ensures that it regulates only the possession of explosives that have travelled in interstate commerce. Cf. United States v. Bates, 77 F.3d 1101, 1104 (8th Cir.1996) (upholding 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1) because it contains express jurisdictional element limiting regulation to firearm possessions with explicit nexus to interstate commerce). The interstate nexus is not dependent upon a defendant's personal interstate transportation of the explosives he possessed. Cf. United States v. Shelton, 66 F.3d 991, 992 (8th Cir.1995) (per curiam) (for purposes of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g), interstate nexus is sufficient where firearm has at some time been in interstate commerce), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 116 S. Ct. 1364, 134 L. Ed. 2d 530 (1996).

6

Accordingly, the judgment of conviction is affirmed.

1

The Honorable Henry Woods, United States District Judge for the Eastern District of Arkansas