Com. v. Hamilton, M. ( 2022 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
MAURICE HAMILTON :
:
Appellant : No. 2149 EDA 2020
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered October 29, 2020
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0005141-2013
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
MAURICE HAMILTON :
:
Appellant : No. 2150 EDA 2020
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered October 29, 2020
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0005142-2013
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
MAURICE HAMILTON :
:
Appellant : No. 2151 EDA 2020
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered October 29, 2020
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0005143-2013
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
J-S02012-22
:
v. :
:
:
MAURICE HAMILTON :
:
Appellant : No. 2152 EDA 2020
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered October 29, 2020
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0005144-2013
BEFORE: OLSON, J., KING, J., and McCAFFERY, J.
MEMORANDUM BY OLSON, J.: FILED FEBRUARY 11, 2022
Appellant, Maurice Hamilton, appeals from the order entered on October
29, 2020, which dismissed his petition filed under the Post Conviction Relief
Act (“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546. In this appeal from the denial of
PCRA relief, Appellant’s counsel filed a petition to withdraw and a no-merit
brief pursuant to Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988) and
Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc).1 As
we conclude that counsel fulfilled the procedural requirements of
Turner/Finley and that this appeal is without merit, we grant counsel’s
petition to withdraw and affirm the PCRA court’s order denying Appellant
post-conviction relief.
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1 Although counsel styled his brief as having been filed pursuant to Anders v.
California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967), we note that an Anders brief governs the
withdrawal of counsel from direct appeal. Nevertheless, as Anders imposes
stricter requirements for withdrawal than those set forth in Turner/Finley,
this Court accepts Anders-compliant briefs in the context of collateral review.
Commonwealth v. Fusselman, 866 A.2d 1109, 1111 n.3 (Pa. Super. 2004).
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On December 20, 2013, Appellant entered a negotiated guilty plea to
two counts of aggravated assault, two counts of assault of a law enforcement
officer, and one count of possession of a firearm by a minor.2 During the plea
colloquy, the Commonwealth summarized the factual basis for Appellant’s
plea:
Your Honor, the incident for which [Appellant was] arrested
and is here before you today took place on [March 28, 2013]
at about 5:45 in the evening. It began near Broad and
Wingohocking Streets in the Olney section of Philadelphia.
At that time [Appellant] was walking with several friends
toward Broad and Wingohocking. As they got there he met
up with several other young men, young teenagers, including
a [15-year-old] named [T.G.]
The two groups exchanged verbal hostilities, threats between
one another and an argument but not a physical fight began.
During that argument [Appellant] was armed with a
nine-millimeter Glock pistol which he showed to [T.G.] and
his friends and his teenage cousins who were with him.
And as a result, [T.G.], who was frightened and felt
threatened, called his other brother, whose name is [S.C.]
[S.C.] is 23 years old -- and said there is a young man with
a gun and that young man had pointed that gun at him at
Broad and Wingohocking.
[S.C.] was nearby and [S.C.] also called his father, Raphael
Hill, and told him what was going on. Mr. Hill was also in the
neighborhood. [S.C.] quickly walked over to Broad and
Wingohocking and his father, Mr. Hill, drove -- he was in his
work van -- to Broad and Wingohocking.
As they got there he saw [Appellant] armed with what
appeared to be a pistol. When [S.C.] approached him, he was
uncertain whether or not it was a real gun or a BB gun and
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2 18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 2702(a), 2702.1(a), and 6110.1(a), respectively.
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attempted to take the gun from [Appellant] who was pointing
it in his direction. As that happened [Appellant] backed up
and fired at [S.C.] and the group of other teenagers who were
there and began to run from Broad and Wingohocking
northbound on Broad Street.
[S.C.] pursued him on foot and his father, Mr. Hill, who was
in his van and had seen everything that happened also began
to follow him in the van.
As [Appellant] was pursued by . . . [S.C. and] Mr. Hill in [the]
van, [Appellant] turned and fired again at the van, which was
being driven by Mr. Hill.
Police officers Timothy Auty . . . and Chad Gugger . . . were
approximately one block away as this was taking place.
That's right at the intersection of 15th and Wingohocking.
They both heard the gunshots from a block away and looked
down Wingohocking toward Broad and were able to see
[Appellant] running up Broad Street followed by [S.C.] and
Mr. Hill.
They immediately began to pursue and follow the van. As
they continued up Broad Street, [Appellant] turned on to Old
York Road. He then turned and fired directly at the van, as
well as the officers who were immediately behind the van on
Old York Road, and continued to run on Old York Road toward
Courtland Street.
Ultimately, near the intersection of Old York Road and
Courtland the officers got out of their vehicles, drew their
service pistols and pointed them at [Appellant] and
demanded several times that he stop. After they demanded
that several times he ultimately stopped and put down his
weapon.
Recovered from [Appellant] was a nine[-]millimeter
semiautomatic pistol loaded with eight live rounds.
Recovered from his pocket were four additional
nine[-]millimeter bullets. And recovered from the direction
of travel and the path of the incident were six fired
nine[-]millimeter cartridge cases.
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[Appellant] ultimately gave a statement to detectives
indicating that as he turned he saw police officers Auty and
Gugger. He was aware that they were police officers and he
fired directly at them and he was then arrested.
N.T. Guilty Plea Hearing, 12/20/13, at 17-20.
The trial court accepted Appellant’s guilty plea and, on December 20,
2013, the trial court sentenced Appellant to serve the negotiated term of
seven to 16 years in prison, followed by two years of probation, for the
convictions. See id. at 13 and 32. Appellant did not file a notice of appeal
from his judgment of sentence.
On April 2, 2018, Appellant filed a pro se PCRA petition and claimed that
he was entitled to post-conviction collateral relief due to unspecified claims
that his counsel was ineffective and that his guilty plea was unlawfully induced.
See PCRA Petition, 4/2/18, at 2. The PCRA court appointed counsel to
represent Appellant during the proceedings and counsel filed an amended
petition, claiming that Appellant’s PCRA petition was timely under the
governmental interference exception to the PCRA’s one-year time-bar.
Specifically, Appellant claimed that he was placed “in solitary confinement
immediately upon incarceration in state custody and remained there for years
without access to assistance in filing his [PCRA] petition.” Amended PCRA
Petition, 1/31/19, at 2. Appellant also claimed that he is functionally illiterate
and that the prison prevented him from doing legal research by limiting his
access to the prison library. See id. at 3.
On September 14, 2020, the PCRA court provided Appellant with notice
that it intended to dismiss his petition in 20 days, without holding a hearing,
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as the petition was untimely. PCRA Court Notice, 9/14/20, at 1; see also
Pa.R.Crim.P. 907(1). The PCRA court finally dismissed Appellant’s petition on
October 29, 2020 and Appellant filed a timely notice of appeal. In this appeal,
Appellant’s counsel filed a petition to withdraw as counsel and a no-merit brief
pursuant to Turner/Finley. Counsel presents the following issue in the
Turner/Finley brief:
Did not the [PCRA] court err in denying Appellant’s untimely
petition under the [PCRA] where no statutory timeliness
exception applied?
Appellant’s Brief at 4.
Prior to addressing the merits of the issue raised in the Turner/Finley
brief, we must determine whether counsel met the procedural requirements
necessary to withdraw. Counsel seeking to withdraw in PCRA proceedings
must review the case zealously. Turner/Finley counsel
must then submit a “no-merit” letter to the [PCRA] court, or
brief on appeal to this Court, detailing the nature and extent
of counsel’s diligent review of the case, listing the issues
which petitioner wants to have reviewed, explaining why and
how those issues lack merit, and requesting permission to
withdraw.
Counsel must also send to the petitioner: (1) a copy of the
“no-merit” letter/brief; (2) a copy of counsel’s petition to
withdraw; and (3) a statement advising petitioner of the right
to proceed pro se or by new counsel.
Where counsel submits a petition and no-merit letter that
satisfy the technical demands of Turner/Finley, the court —
[the PCRA] court or this Court — must then conduct its own
review of the merits of the case. If the court agrees with
counsel that the claims are without merit, the court will
permit counsel to withdraw and deny relief.
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Commonwealth v. Muzzy, 141 A.3d 509, 510–511 (Pa. Super. 2016)
(citations and corrections omitted).
Here, counsel fulfilled the procedural requirements necessary for
withdrawing as PCRA counsel. We thus turn to the claim raised in the
Turner/Finley brief.
“We review a ruling by the PCRA court to determine whether it is
supported by the record and is free of legal error. Our standard of review of
a PCRA court's legal conclusions is de novo.” Commonwealth v. Cousar,
154 A.3d 287, 296 (Pa. 2017) (citations omitted).
The PCRA contains a jurisdictional time-bar, which is subject to limited
statutory exceptions. This time-bar demands that “any PCRA petition,
including a second or subsequent petition, [] be filed within one year of the
date that the petitioner’s judgment of sentence becomes final, unless [the]
petitioner pleads [and] proves that one of the [three] exceptions to the
timeliness requirement . . . is applicable.” Commonwealth v. McKeever,
947 A.2d 782, 785 (Pa. Super. 2008); 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b). Further, since
the time-bar implicates the subject matter jurisdiction of our courts, we are
required to first determine the timeliness of a petition before we consider the
underlying claims. Commonwealth v. Yarris, 731 A.2d 581, 586 (Pa. 1999).
Our Supreme Court has explained:
the PCRA timeliness requirements are jurisdictional in nature
and, accordingly, a PCRA court is precluded from considering
untimely PCRA petitions. See, e.g., Commonwealth v.
Murray, 753 A.2d 201, 203 (Pa. 2000) (stating that “given
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the fact that the PCRA's timeliness requirements are
mandatory and jurisdictional in nature, no court may properly
disregard or alter them in order to reach the merits of the
claims raised in a PCRA petition that is filed in an untimely
manner”); Commonwealth v. Fahy, 737 A.2d 214, 220 (Pa.
1999) (holding that where a petitioner fails to satisfy the
PCRA time requirements, this Court has no jurisdiction to
entertain the petition). [The Pennsylvania Supreme Court
has] also held that even where the PCRA court does not
address the applicability of the PCRA timing mandate, th[e
court would] consider the issue sua sponte, as it is a
threshold question implicating our subject matter jurisdiction
and ability to grant the requested relief.
Commonwealth v. Whitney, 817 A.2d 473, 475-476 (Pa. 2003).
The trial court sentenced Appellant on December 20, 2013. Since
Appellant did not file a direct appeal, Appellant’s judgment of sentence
became final at the end of the day on January 21, 2014, which was 30
computable days after his judgment of sentence was imposed and the time
for filing a notice of appeal to this Court expired. See 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 9545(b)(3); Pa.R.A.P. 903(a); 1 Pa.C.S.A. § 1908. Appellant then had until
January 21, 2015 to file a timely PCRA petition. 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1).
As Appellant did not file his current petition until April 2, 2018, the current
petition is manifestly untimely and the burden thus fell upon Appellant to plead
and prove that one of the enumerated exceptions to the one-year time-bar
applied to his case. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1); Commonwealth v.
Perrin, 947 A.2d 1284, 1286 (Pa. Super. 2008) (to properly invoke a
statutory exception to the one-year time-bar, the PCRA demands that the
petitioner properly plead and prove all required elements of the relied-upon
exception).
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Appellant claims that his petition is timely because it falls within the
governmental interference exception to the PCRA’s one-year time-bar. The
governmental interference exception provides:
(1) Any petition under this subchapter, including a second or
subsequent petition, shall be filed within one year of the date
the judgment becomes final, unless the petition alleges and
the petitioner proves that:
(i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result
of interference by government officials with the
presentation of the claim in violation of the Constitution
or laws of this Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws
of the United States[.]
...
(2) Any petition invoking an exception provided in paragraph
(1) shall be filed within one year of the date the claim could
have been presented.
42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b).3 To successfully invoke the governmental
interference exception, a “petitioner must plead and prove the failure to
previously raise the [underlying] claim was the result of interference by
government officials, and the information could not have been obtained earlier
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3 Prior to December 24, 2018, Section 9545(b)(2) read: “Any petition invoking
an exception provided in paragraph (1) shall be filed within 60 days of the
date the claim could have been presented.” See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2)
(effective to December 23, 2018). However, effective December 24, 2018,
the legislature amended Section 9545(b)(2) to provide for a one-year
time-limitation. 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2) (effective December 24, 2018).
This current version of Section 9545(b)(2) applies to “claims arising on
[December] 24, 2017 or thereafter.” See id. at Comment.
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with the exercise of due diligence.” Commonwealth v. Abu-Jamal, 941
A.2d 1263, 1268 (Pa. 2008).
Although Appellant loosely asserts that “governmental interference”
precluded him from asserting his underlying, collateral claims in a timely
manner, he fails to specifically assert an actual, underlying claim and he does
not assert illegality on the part of the government. These omissions are fatal
to Appellant’s appeal. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2)(i) (explaining that the
alleged governmental interference must violate the laws and Constitution of
this Commonwealth or the United States of America); Commonwealth v.
Chimenti, 218 A.3d 963, 975 (Pa. Super. 2019) (“the proper question with
respect to Subsection 9545(b)(1)(i)'s timeliness exception is whether the
government interfered with [an a]ppellant's ability to present his claim”)
(emphasis added); see also Commonwealth v. Rizvi, 166 A.3d 344,
348-349 (Pa. Super. 2017); Commonwealth v. Bankhead, 217 A.3d 1245(Pa. Super. 2019) (explaining that, while Bankhead asserted that he was
“unable at times to access the prison library,” his petition did not qualify under
the governmental interference exception to the PCRA time-bar “without an
assertion of illegality on the part of government officials”). Thus, Appellant's
failure to plead or prove an applicable exception to the PCRA's time-bar
deprives this Court of jurisdiction to consider the merits of Appellant’s claims.
After review, we conclude that counsel complied with the procedural
requirements for withdrawing as counsel and, under Turner/Finley, the issue
Appellant wished to pursue in his PCRA petition has no merit. Accordingly, we
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grant counsel's petition to withdraw and affirm the order denying Appellant
post-conviction collateral relief.
Petition to withdraw as counsel granted. Order affirmed. Jurisdiction
relinquished.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 2/11/2022
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