Com. v. Burks, R. ( 2018 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee :
:
v. :
:
ROBERT BURKS :
:
Appellant : No. 725 WDA 2016
Appeal from the PCRA Order January 13, 2016
In the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-02-CR-0012434-2008
BEFORE: GANTMAN, P.J., SHOGAN, J., and MUSMANNO, J.
MEMORANDUM BY GANTMAN, P.J.: FILED SEPTEMBER 19, 2018
Appellant, Robert Burks, appeals from the order entered in the
Allegheny County Court of Common Pleas, which denied his second petition
filed under the Post Conviction Relief Act at 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546. We
affirm and grant counsel’s petition to withdraw.
The PCRA court set forth the relevant facts and procedural history of
this case as follows:
On April 17, 2008, the victim, Darrel[1] Nelson, Jr., was at
the apartment of Samuel Turner with Keith Sommerville.
The victim was approached by Justin Boyd and [Appellant],
both of whom had firearms and were firing at Nelson.
Nelson was struck three times and was transported to Mercy
Hospital where he later died of the gunshot wounds he
sustained. Eric Boyd would provide testimony that Justin
Boyd and [Appellant] were the shooters and also that he
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1Mr. Nelson’s first name is spelled in several different ways in the record as
“Darrel,” “Darrell,” and “Darryl.”
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saw three other individuals who were not shooting, one of
them was an individual by the name of Natale [Coaston].
Weeks after the shooting a gun was recovered from
[Coaston] and the gun came back as one of the murder
weapons.
(PCRA Court Opinion, filed September 29, 2017, at 4).2 The court’s opinion
continues:
On October 31, 2008, [Appellant] was charged with the crimes
of criminal homicide, possession of a firearm without a license
and criminal conspiracy. [Appellant] entered a plea of guilty
to third degree murder, possession of a firearm without a
license and criminal conspiracy on November 15, 2010. In
accordance with the plea agreement reached between the
Commonwealth and [Appellant], he was sentenced to a period
of incarceration of not less than fifteen nor more than thirty
years for his plea to third-degree murder and no further
penalty was imposed at the remaining counts. [Appellant] did
not file any post-sentence motions, nor did he file a direct
appeal.
On September 29, 2011, [Appellant] filed his pro se petition
for post-conviction relief and [counsel] was appointed to
represent him in connection with that proceeding. On
December 30, 2011, [counsel] filed a motion to withdraw as
counsel and also prepared a Turner/Finley[3]no merit
letter after examining the record concluding that there were
no meritorious issues that could be raised on [Appellant’s]
behalf. On January 9, 2012, this [c]ourt granted [counsel’s]
motion to withdraw and issued a notice of intent to dismiss
[Appellant’s] petition. On January 9, 2012, a notice of
[intent] to dismiss [Appellant’s] petition was filed and that
petition was, in fact, dismissed on July 17, 2012. On August
22, 2012, [Appellant] filed a pro se notice of appeal to the
Superior Court and that notice of appeal was amended on
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2 The accurate name of the individual referenced in Appellant’s petition, the
certified record, and the PCRA court opinion is “Natale Coaston.”
3 Commonwealth v. Turner, 518 Pa. 491, 544 A.2d 927 (1988) and
Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa.Super. 1988) (en banc).
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October 3, 2012. This [c]ourt directed [Appellant] to file a
concise statement of [errors] complained of on appeal on
October 26, 2012, however, [Appellant] never filed such a
[statement]. Accordingly, this [c]ourt filed an Opinion on
January 16, 2013, indicating that [Appellant’s] failure to file
a concise statement resulted in a waiver of all of his claims
in connection with his petition for post-conviction relief act
appeal. On July 24, 2013, the Superior Court
affirmed…since it believed that all issues on appeal had been
waived by the failure to file a concise statement. On March
17, 2014, [Appellant] filed the second [pro se] petition for
post-conviction relief and [new counsel] was appointed to
represent him. On May 21, 2015, [counsel] filed an
amended petition for post-conviction relief.
A hearing on [Appellant’s] petition for post-conviction relief
was held on December 10, 2015, at which hearing only
[Appellant] testified despite the fact that his petition for
post-conviction relief was based upon a claim of after-
discovered evidence[4] of the purported testimony of Natale
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4 The substantive claim of after-discovered evidence and the new-facts
exception to the PCRA timeliness requirements are often conflated and
referred to as the same theory of relief. These concepts, however, are not
interchangeable and require different proofs. Under the new-facts exception
to an untimely PCRA petition, petitioner must establish “the facts upon which
the claim was predicated were unknown and…could not have been
ascertained by the exercise of due diligence. If the petitioner alleges and
proves these two components, then the PCRA court has jurisdiction over the
claim under this subsection.” Commonwealth v. Bennett, 593 Pa. 382, 395,
930 A.2d 1264, 1271 (2007). Only if a petitioner meets the statutory
jurisdictional requirements by satisfying this exception to the PCRA time-bar,
can he then argue for relief on a substantive after-discovered-evidence claim,
which requires the petitioner to demonstrate: (1) the evidence has been
discovered after trial and it could not have been obtained at or prior to trial
through reasonable diligence; (2) the evidence is not cumulative; (3) it is not
being used solely to impeach credibility; and (4) it would likely compel a
different verdict. See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Washington, 592 Pa. 698,
927 A.2d 586 (2007); Commonwealth v. D’Amato, 579 Pa. 490, 856 A.2d
806 (2004). The substantive merits-based analysis of an after-discovered
evidence claim is more rigorous than the initial analysis required to establish
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[Coaston]. A hearing had been scheduled earlier, however,
it was continued since [Coaston] did not appear at the
hearing despite the fact that he had been subpoenaed and
got notice of the hearing date. As a result of [Coaston] not
appearing at the December 10, 2015 hearing, this [c]ourt
denied [Appellant’s] petition on January 13, 2016.
[Appellant] filed a pro se appeal, which was amended by
[counsel].[5] [Appellant] was directed to file a concise
statement of [errors] complained of on appeal on February
8, 2016 and on August 18, 2016, [counsel] filed a motion of
intent to withdraw which required that a Grazier Hearing[6]
be held. That hearing was held and [Appellant’s] current
appellate counsel was appointed to represent him in
connection with this appeal. [Appellant] filed his concise
statement of [errors] complained of on appeal on July 21,
2017, in which he raised one claim of error, that being that
this [c]ourt erred in denying his petition since the affidavit
of [Coaston] should have sufficed despite the fact that he
did not provide the testimony that [Appellant] had alleged
that he would in his petition for post-conviction relief.
(Id. at 1-4). Appellate counsel filed with this Court a petition to withdraw
representation and a brief, designated as a brief under Anders v. California,
386 U.S. 738, 87 S. Ct. 1396, 18 L. Ed. 2d 493 (1967).
“Before an attorney can be permitted to withdraw from representing a
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the court’s jurisdiction under the “new-facts” exception. See Bennett, supra
at 395-96, 930 A.2d at 1271-72.
5 The certified record confirms Appellant timely filed his pro se appeal on
February 8, 2016, under the prisoner mailbox rule, notwithstanding the
delayed, formal docketing date of that notice of appeal. See Commonwealth
v. Chambers, 35 A.3d 34 (Pa.Super. 2011), appeal denied, 616 Pa. 625, 46
A.3d 715 (2012) (explaining prisoner mailbox rule allows court to consider
document as filed on date pro se prisoner delivers it to prison authorities for
mailing).
6 Commonwealth v. Grazier, 552 Pa. 9, 713 A.2d 81 (1998).
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petitioner under the PCRA, Pennsylvania law requires counsel to file and
obtain approval of a ‘no-merit’ letter pursuant to the mandates of
Turner/Finley.” Commonwealth v. Karanicolas, 836 A.2d 940, 947
(Pa.Super. 2003) (emphasis in original).
[C]ounsel must…submit a “no-merit” letter to the trial court,
or brief on appeal to this Court, detailing the nature and
extent of counsel’s diligent review of the case, listing the
issues which the petitioner wants to have reviewed,
explaining why and how those issues lack merit, and
requesting permission to withdraw.
Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 931 A.2d 717, 721 (Pa.Super. 2007). Counsel
must also send to the petitioner a copy of the “no-merit” letter or brief and
petition to withdraw and advise the petitioner of his right to proceed pro se or
with new counsel. Id.
Instantly, counsel filed a Turner/Finley brief on appeal (even though
counsel designated it as an Anders brief) and a petition to withdraw as
counsel.7 Counsel listed the issue Appellant wished to raise and explained
why the issue merits no relief. In counsel’s corrected amended petition to
withdraw, counsel states that she sent Appellant another copy of the brief, a
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7 In the context of a PCRA petition and request to withdraw, the appropriate
filing is a “no-merit” letter/brief. See Turner, supra; Finley, supra. But
see Commonwealth v. Fusselman, 866 A.2d 1109, 1111 n.3 (Pa.Super.
2004), appeal denied, 584 Pa. 691, 882 A.2d 477 (2005) (stating Superior
Court can accept Anders brief in lieu of Turner/Finley letter, where PCRA
counsel seeks to withdraw on PCRA appeal). Instantly, counsel incorrectly
designated the brief filed on appeal as an Anders brief. Although it has some
attributes of an Anders brief, we will treat it as a Turner/Finley brief.
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copy of the amended petition to withdraw, and a corrected letter advising
Appellant of his right to proceed immediately pro se or with private counsel to
raise additional points he deems worthy of review. Thus, appellate counsel
has now substantially complied with the Turner/Finley requirements. See
Karanicolas, supra. Accordingly, we proceed to an independent evaluation.
See Turner, supra at 494-95, 544 A.2d at 928-29 (stating appellate court
must conduct independent analysis and agree with counsel that appeal is
frivolous). Appellant has not responded to counsel’s petition.
Appellant raises one issue in the Turner/Finley brief:
DID THE [PCRA] COURT ERR IN DENYING RELIEF UPON
FINDING THAT IT LACKED JURSIDCTION OVER
[APPELLANT’S] SECOND PCRA PETITION INSOFAR AS IT
WAS UNTIMELY, AND THE “NEWLY DISCOVERED FACT”
EXCEPTION ENUMERATED IN 42 PA.C.S. § 9545(B)(1)(II)
DOES NOT APPLY?
(Turner/Finley Brief at 5).
As a prefatory matter, the timeliness of a PCRA petition is a jurisdictional
requisite. Commonwealth v. Hackett, 598 Pa. 350, 956 A.2d 978 (2008),
cert. denied, 528 U.S. 1163, 129 S. Ct. 2772, 174 L. Ed. 2d 277 (2009).
Pennsylvania law makes clear no court has jurisdiction to hear an untimely
PCRA petition. Commonwealth v. Robinson, 575 Pa. 500, 508, 837 A.2d
1157, 1161 (2003). The PCRA requires a petition, including a second or
subsequent petition, to be filed within one year of the date the underlying
judgment becomes final. 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1). A judgment of sentence
is final “at the conclusion of direct review, including discretionary review in
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the Supreme Court of the United States and the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania, or at the expiration of time for seeking review.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. §
9545(b)(3).
Generally, to obtain merits review of a PCRA petition filed more than
one year after the sentence became final; the petitioner must allege and prove
at least one of the three timeliness exceptions. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. §
9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii). The petitioner must allege and prove:
(i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result
of interference by government officials with the presentation
of the claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this
Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United
States;
(ii) the facts upon which the claim is predicated were
unknown to the petitioner and could not have been
ascertained by the exercise of due diligence; or
(iii) the right asserted is a constitutional right that was
recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States or
the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania after the time period
provided in this section and has been held by that court to
apply retroactively.
42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii). “[W]hen a PCRA petition is not filed within
one year of the expiration of direct review, or not eligible for one of the three
limited exceptions, or entitled to one of the exceptions, but not filed within 60
days of the date that the claim could have been first brought, the trial court
has no power to address the substantive merits of a petitioner’s PCRA claims.”
Commonwealth v. Gamboa-Taylor, 562 Pa. 70, 77, 753 A.2d 780, 783
(2000).
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Instantly, in accordance with the plea agreement reached between the
Commonwealth and Appellant, the court sentenced him on November 15,
2010, to fifteen to thirty years for third-degree murder and imposed no further
penalty at the remaining counts. Appellant did not file any post-sentence
motions or a direct appeal, so the judgment of sentence became final thirty
days later, on or about December 15, 2010. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(3);
Pa.R.A.P. 903(c)(3). Thus, Appellant had until December 15, 2011 to file a
PCRA petition. Appellant timely pursued a first PCRA petition on September
29, 2011, which was eventually denied on July 17, 2012. This Court affirmed
on July 24, 2013. See Commonwealth v. Burks, 82 A.3d 1077 (Pa.Super.
2013) (unpublished memorandum). Appellant sought no further review.
Appellant filed his second and current PCRA petition on March 17, 2014,
which was over two years late and untimely on its face. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. §
9545(b)(1). Appointed counsel filed an amended petition on May 21. 2015.
Appellant attempted to invoke the new-facts exception to the PCRA time bar
with affidavits from Natale Coaston. Appellant now claims on appeal that he
pled and proved the new-facts exception to the PCRA time bar, solely with the
signed affidavits from Mr. Coaston, who did not appear to testify at the PCRA
hearing. Appellant suggests the affidavits constituted sufficient competent
evidence to establish he is innocent and deserves a new trial. We disagree.
In response to Appellant’s issue, the PCRA court reasoned:
The basis for [Appellant’s] claim that he has newly-
discovered facts based upon his due diligence, is an affidavit
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purportedly executed by [Coaston] in which he states that
he was present at the shooting and that Donald Johnson and
not [Appellant] was the shooter. [Appellant] maintains that
he could not have obtained that exculpatory information
before [Coaston] submitted his affidavit because [Coaston]
refused to testify at the time of trial and that he had been
afraid to testify because he and his family had been
threatened. Since his incarceration he has been
rehabilitated and he was willing to set the record straight.
This contention conveniently ignores the fact that
[Appellant] and [Coaston] were cellmates for more than
seven months and there was never a mention of [Coaston’s]
testimony. A hearing was held on [Appellant’s] petition for
post-conviction relief at which only [Appellant] testified and
[Coaston] failed to appear despite the fact that a lawyer had
been appointed for him. [Coaston] had been subpoenaed
for the first hearing date and did not appear and was
subpoenaed for the second hearing date and provided notice
of that hearing and still did not appear.
[…] [Appellant] has failed to meet his burden since he never
proved that [Coaston] had exculpatory information which
would identify someone else as the shooter. It should be
noted that [Appellant] knew of [Coaston’s] existence since
[Coaston] was mentioned in the recital of the facts in
[Appellant’s] case at the time that he entered his plea and
that [Coaston] was the individual from whom the murder
weapon was recovered. Coupled with the fact that they
were cellmates for more than seven months, [Appellant]
had more than ample opportunity to discuss his case with
[Coaston] and acquire that information. The fact that
[Coaston] was subpoenaed and notified of two different
hearing dates for [Appellant’s] petition for post-conviction
relief and ignored those subpoenas and failed to appear,
clearly demonstrates that [Appellant] did not meet his
burden of proving his claim and, accordingly, this [c]ourt
dismissed his petition following that hearing.
(PCRA Court Opinion at 6-8). Our independent examination of the certified
record makes clear Appellant actually offered three somewhat different
affidavits, purportedly from Mr. Coaston, as exhibits to his PCRA filings. The
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first document, titled as an “unsworn affidavit,” from Mr. Coaston is dated
November 23, 2014, and somehow attached to Appellant’s pro se petition that
he filed eight months earlier on March 17, 2014. In addition to the discrepancy
in the dates, this initial affidavit from Mr. Coaston states he was the shooter
involved in the killing of Mr. Nelson; Mr. Coaston was arrested with the gun
he used in the shooting; and Appellant was not involved with the homicide.
The second affidavit from Mr. Coaston is attached as an exhibit to
Appellant’s counseled amended PCRA petition. In the second affidavit, Mr.
Coaston states: he withheld information about his involvement in the shooting
and killing of Mr. Nelson; Mr. Coaston was arrested with the gun used in the
homicide; he can no longer live his life knowing he let his silence hurt two
families; Appellant had no involvement with the homicide; and Mr. Coaston is
willing to testify to the affidavit and take responsibility as he deserves. The
second affidavit is dated February 11, 2014 and closely predates Appellant’s
March 17, 2014 pro se petition.
The third affidavit from Mr. Coaston is dated December 2, 2014, and is
also attached as an exhibit to Appellant’s counseled amended PCRA petition.
In the last affidavit, Mr. Coaston declares: the person who shot and killed Mr.
Nelson was not Appellant, it was Donald Johnson; the reason Mr. Coaston did
not come forward sooner with this information was due to threats made
against him and his family by Mr. Johnson; Mr. Coaston was willing to testify
to these facts under oath; and he was executing this affidavit on his own free
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will, without threats, promises, or coercion.
The purpose of the PCRA hearing was to determine if Appellant had
satisfied the new-facts exception to the statutory time-bar. Given these
varying affidavits, Mr. Coaston’s testimony at the PCRA hearing was essential.
The PCRA court even appointed counsel for Mr. Coaston and rescheduled the
first hearing when Mr. Coaston failed to appear. Despite subpoenas and
notices of the hearing dates, Mr. Coaston did not show up to testify on behalf
of Appellant, which deprived the Commonwealth and the PCRA court of the
opportunity to test and assess Mr. Coaston’s reliability and credibility.
Contrary to Appellant’s position, the affidavits alone were not self-proving.
Moreover, other evidence of record called into question Appellant’s due
diligence, where Appellant knew at the time of his guilty plea the identity of
Mr. Coaston and that he had been found with the murder weapon. Appellant
also shared a cell with Mr. Coaston for about seven months during the year
before Mr. Coaston first issued his alleged affidavits. Appellant offered no
explanation for the lapse of time before he managed to obtain the affidavits
Appellant now claims exonerate him. Therefore, Appellant was unable to
sustain the statutory new-facts exception; and his petition remained time-
barred. Accordingly, we affirm the order that dismissed Appellant’s second
petition as untimely and grant counsel’s petition to withdraw.
Order affirmed; petition to withdraw is granted.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 9/19/2018
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