Com. v. Fletcher, E. ( 2015 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee
v.
EDWARD FLETCHER
Appellant No. 592 EDA 2015
Appeal from the PCRA Order January 30, 2015
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-51-CR-0011820-2012
BEFORE: DONOHUE, J., MUNDY, J., and MUSMANNO, J.
MEMORANDUM BY MUNDY, J.: FILED DECEMBER 14, 2015
Appellant, Edward Fletcher, appeals pro se from the January 30, 2015
order denying his petition filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act
(PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546. After careful review, we affirm.
We summarize the procedural history of this case, as contained in the
certified record, as follows. Appellant was charged on June 29, 2012 with
murder, firearms not to be carried without a license (VUFA), carrying a
firearm in public in Philadelphia, and possession of an instrument of crime, in
connection with June 12, 2012 drive-by shooting death of Diamond Diore
Brown.1 On July 23, 2013, Appellant entered a negotiated plea of guilty to
third-degree murder and VUFA. The trial court sentenced Appellant that
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1
18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 2502, 6101(a)(1), 6108, and 907, respectively.
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same day to the recommended sentence under the plea agreement of 20 to
40 years’ incarceration for the third-degree murder charge with no additional
penalty for the VUFA charge. No post-sentence motion or notice of appeal
was filed.
On June 17, 2014, Appellant filed a pro se PCRA petition averring,
inter alia, that plea counsel was ineffective for failing to file a direct appeal.
In response to Appellant’s August 19, 2014 motion to proceed pro se, the
PCRA court conducted a Grazier2 hearing on October 20, 2014, after which
it granted Appellant’s motion. On January 30, 2015, the PCRA court held a
hearing on Appellant’s PCRA petition, at which Appellant’s plea counsel
testified. At the conclusion of the hearing, the PCRA court denied Appellant
relief, determining that Appellant did not sustain his burden to show he
timely instructed plea counsel to file an appeal. The PCRA court further
determined counsel was not ineffective for failing to consult with Appellant
about an appeal after sentencing. On February 17, 2015, Appellant filed a
timely pro se notice of appeal.3
On appeal, Appellant raises the following issues for our review.
[1] Whether the PCRA court violated Appellant’s
rights to due process of law under the 5th
amendment of the United States Constitution and
the 14th amendment of the Constitution of the State
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2
Commonwealth v. Grazier, 713 A.2d 81 (Pa. 1998).
3
Appellant and the PCRA court have complied with Pennsylvania Rule of
Appellate Procedure 1925.
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of Pennsylvania when the PCRA court denied
[A]ppellant his constitutional rights to file an appeal?
[2] Whether defense counsel provided deficient
performance when counsel failed to file a Notice of
Appeal?
Appellant’s Brief at 3.
We address this issue in compliance with the following standards.
Our standard of review of the denial of a PCRA
petition is limited to examining whether the court’s
rulings are supported by the evidence of record and
free of legal error. This Court treats the findings of
the PCRA court with deference if the record supports
those findings. It is an appellant’s burden to
persuade this Court that the PCRA court erred and
that relief is due.
Commonwealth v. Feliciano, 69 A.3d 1270, 1274-1275 (Pa. Super. 2013)
(citation omitted).
[Our] scope of review is limited to the findings of the
PCRA court and the evidence of record, viewed in the
light most favorable to the prevailing party at the
PCRA court level. The PCRA court’s credibility
determinations, when supported by the record, are
binding on this Court. However, this Court applies a
de novo standard of review to the PCRA court’s legal
conclusions.
Commonwealth v. Medina, 92 A.3d 1210, 1214-1215 (Pa. Super. 2014)
(en banc) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted), appeal granted,
105 A.3d 658 (Pa. 2014). Additionally, in order to be eligible for PCRA relief,
a petitioner must plead and prove by a preponderance of the evidence that
his conviction or sentence arose from one or more of the errors listed at 42
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Pa.C.S.A. § 9543(a)(2). These issues must be neither previously litigated
nor waived. Id. at § 9543(a)(3).
When reviewing a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, we apply
the following test, first articulated by our Supreme Court in Commonwealth
v. Pierce, 527 A.2d 973 (Pa. 1987).
When considering such a claim, courts
presume that counsel was effective, and place upon
the appellant the burden of proving otherwise.
Counsel cannot be found ineffective for failure to
assert a baseless claim.
To succeed on a claim that counsel was
ineffective, Appellant must demonstrate that: (1) the
claim is of arguable merit; (2) counsel had no
reasonable strategic basis for his or her action or
inaction; and (3) counsel’s ineffectiveness prejudiced
him.
…
[T]o demonstrate prejudice, appellant must
show there is a reasonable probability that, but for
counsel’s error, the outcome of the proceeding would
have been different.
Commonwealth v. Michaud, 70 A.3d 862, 867 (Pa. Super. 2013) (internal
quotation marks and citations omitted). “Failure to establish any prong of
the test will defeat an ineffectiveness claim.” Commonwealth v.
Birdsong, 24 A.3d 319, 330 (Pa. 2011).
As Appellant’s issues are interrelated, we address them together.
Appellant claims that his plea counsel was ineffective for failing to file a
direct appeal when instructed by him to do so. Appellant’s Brief at 6.
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Appellant asserts, “[t]he court record established that [A]ppellant[] sent
timely letters to counsel requesting an appeal to be filed on his behalf.
Counsel did not file a Notice of Appeal and admit[ted] to the PCRA court[]
that he may have lost the letters and/or inadvertently destroyed the letters.”
Id. Alternatively, Appellant claims that “even if [A]ppellant did not verbally
asked [sic] counsel to file a direct appeal, counsel is deemed ineffective for
failing to consult with his client about his appellate rights, whereas, in this
matter at hand, [A]ppellant have [sic] meritorious issues for appeal.” Id. at
7.
We have recently described the distinction between Appellant’s
alternative claims of ineffectiveness of counsel relative to a failure to file an
appeal, and Appellant’s attendant burden with respect to each.
Our Supreme Court has held that counsel’s
unexplained failure to file a requested direct appeal
constitutes ineffective assistance per se, such that
the petitioner is entitled to reinstatement of direct
appeal rights nunc pro tunc without establishing
prejudice. However, before a court will find
ineffectiveness of counsel for failing to file a direct
appeal, the petitioner must prove that he requested
a direct appeal and the counsel disregarded the
request. …
With regard to counsel’s duty to consult, this
Court has held as follows:
[Case law] impose[s] a duty on counsel to
adequately consult with the defendant as to
the advantages and disadvantages of an
appeal where there is reason to think that a
defendant would want to appeal. The failure to
consult may excuse the defendant from the
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obligation to request an appeal … such that
counsel could still be found to be ineffective in
not filing an appeal even where appellant did
not request the appeal.
…
Pursuant to [Roe v. Flores–Ortega,
528 U.S. 470 (2000),] and [Commonwealth
v. Touw, 781 A.2d 1250 (Pa. Super. 2001),]
counsel has a constitutional duty to consult
with a defendant about an appeal where
counsel has reason to believe either (1) that a
rational defendant would want to appeal (for
example, because there are nonfrivolous
grounds for appeal), or (2) that this particular
defendant reasonably demonstrated to counsel
that he was interested in appealing.
Commonwealth v. Bath, 907 A.2d 619, 623 (Pa.
Super. 2006) (quotations, quotation marks, and
citations omitted) (footnotes added).
Commonwealth v. Ousley, 21 A.3d 1238, 1243-1245 (Pa. Super. 2011),
appeal denied, 30 A.3d 487 (Pa. 2011).
Instantly, the PCRA court concluded Appellant did not meet his burden
for either claim. After a full hearing, the PCRA court determined as follows.
[The PCRA c]ourt found that [] Appellant’s testimony
that he requested trial counsel to file an appeal
lacked credibility. Initially, Appellant indicated that
he had no contact with Mr. Patrizio because he was
being moved from prison to prison and had no pen
and paper or phone privileges. Later in his
testimony, he indicated that he did speak to family
members by phone. He then testified that he
believed he did write to Mr. Patrizio, but that he had
no copy of his correspondence.
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PCRA Court Opinion, 5/21/15, at 4-5. Furthermore, Appellant’s
characterization of counsel’s testimony is imprecise. Counsel testified that
he had no recollection of any letter from Appellant requesting he file a notice
of appeal. N.T., 1/30/15, at 31. Counsel did acknowledge his file was
missing or destroyed, but it was within the PCRA court’s discretion to assess
the credibility of the witnesses, and we conclude the record supports its
factual finding that Appellant did not timely request counsel to file a notice of
appeal. See Medina, supra (noting credibility determinations of the PCRA
court, when supported, are binding on this Court).
In support of his alternative claim, that counsel was ineffective for
failing to consult him and seek his consent for filing an appeal, Appellant
cites U.S. v. Stearnes, 68 F.3d 328 (9th Cir. 1995) (holding that test for
ineffective assistance of counsel for failing to file a desired direct appeal,
even in a plea case, was not whether an appeal was requested, but whether
the decision not to file an appeal was consented to by the defendant).
Appellant’s Brief at 8. Appellant contends his burden is met if the record
shows that he did not consent to counsel’s decision not to file an appeal. Id.Stearnes does not obviate Appellant’s burden to show that plea counsel had
a reason to believe an appeal was or would be desired. See Ousley, supra.Instantly, the PCRA court notes that “[t]he only issues which would
have been available for Appellant to challenge on review would have been
the voluntariness of his plea and the legality of his sentence.” PCRA Court
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Opinion, 5/21/15, at 6, citing Commonwealth v. Markowitz, 32 A.3d 706,
711 (Pa. Super. 2011), appeal denied, 40 A.3d 1235 (Pa 2012). Appellant
does not challenge either.4 Id. The PCRA court further notes as follows.
Appellant entered into a knowing, intelligent, and
voluntary negotiated guilty plea to third degree
murder following a full colloquy wherein the
Appellant was advised of all of his rights. []
Appellant received the benefit of not facing a life
sentence in exchange for his plea. Considering the
evidence presented during the guilty plea and the
deal struck by defense counsel with the assent of his
client, counsel would not be on notice to consult with
his client regarding filing an appeal.
Id. at 5. Accordingly, the PCRA court concluded Appellant did not
demonstrate that counsel received any indication from Appellant that an
appeal was desired or that Appellant had any non-frivolous issues that would
merit review.
Based on the record before us, we discern no abuse of discretion or
legal error in the PCRA court’s factual findings and conclusions. See
Ousley, supra. For these reasons, we affirm the January 30, 2015 order
denying Appellant’s PCRA petition.
Order affirmed.
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4
In his brief, Appellant identifies, as meritorious direct appeal issues, the
length of his negotiated sentence and the fact that the reduced charge of
third-degree murder, to which he pled guilty, was not contained in the
original criminal information. Appellant’s Brief at 9.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 12/14/2015
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