Com. v. Elza, A. ( 2018 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
ALBERT JOSEPH ELZA :
:
Appellant : No. 598 WDA 2017
Appeal from the PCRA Order April 4, 2017
In the Court of Common Pleas of Washington County
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-63-CR-0001569-2013
BEFORE: BOWES, J., PANELLA, J., and STABILE, J.
MEMORANDUM BY PANELLA, J. FILED APRIL 30, 2018
Albert Joseph Elza appeals from the order entered in the Washington
County Court of Common Pleas, denying as untimely his first petition filed
pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-
9546. We affirm.
On October 31, 2014, Appellant pled guilty to aggravated assault by
vehicle while driving under the influence; driving under the influence – high
rate of alcohol; accident involving death or personal injury while not properly
licensed; driving with a blood alcohol content of .02 or greater while license is
suspended; recklessly endangering another person; and unauthorized use of
automobiles and other vehicles.1 On the same date, Appellant was sentenced
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1 75 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 3735.1(a); 3802(c); 3742.1; and 1543(b)(1.1)(i),
respectively; 18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 2705 and 3928(a), respectively.
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to an aggregate two to four years’ incarceration. Appellant did not file any
post-sentence motions or a direct appeal.
Following the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Birchfield v.
North Dakota, 136 S. Ct. 2160 (2016), Appellant filed his first, pro se PCRA
petition asserting Birchfield created a new constitutional right. The PCRA
court appointed counsel, who filed an amended PCRA petition. The court
subsequently issued notice of its intent to dismiss the petition without a
hearing, pursuant to Pa.R.Crim.P. 907. The court thereafter dismissed the
petition, and this appeal is now before us.
“[W]e must determine whether the ruling of the PCRA court is supported
by the record and is free of legal error.” Commonwealth v. Spotz, 18 A.3d
244, 259 (Pa. 2011) (citation omitted). We apply “a de novo standard of
review to the PCRA court’s legal conclusions.” Id. (citation omitted).
Appellant insists Birchfield, which deems warrantless blood draws for
suspected DUI drivers unconstitutional, creates a new constitutional right,
which is an exception to the PCRA’s strict time-bar. Appellant declares that in
light of this alleged new right, his petition is timely and he is entitled to
withdraw his guilty plea. Alternatively, Appellant argues if Birchfield is not
considered a new constitutional right that is a viable exception to the PCRA’s
time-bar, we must instead consider his PCRA petition as a habeas corpus
petition and grant appropriate relief. He is mistaken. We begin with his last
contention.
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“Issues that are cognizable under the PCRA must be raised in a timely
PCRA petition and cannot be raised in a habeas corpus petition.”
Commonwealth v. Taylor, 65 A.3d 462, 466 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citation
omitted). “Where, as here, a defendant’s post-conviction claims are
cognizable under the PCRA, the common law and statutory remedies now
subsumed by the PCRA are not separately available to the defendant.”
Commonwealth v. Hall, 771 A.2d 1232, 1235 (Pa. 2001) (citations omitted).
Thus, we decline to consider Appellant’s filing as a habeas corpus petition.
Because Appellant has filed a PCRA petition, he is subject to the PCRA’s
time-bar. The timeliness of a post-conviction petition is jurisdictional. See
Commonwealth v. Hernandez, 79 A.3d 649, 651 (Pa. Super. 2013). A
petition for relief under the PCRA must be filed within one year of the date the
judgment is final—unless the petitioner alleges, and proves, an exception to
the time for filing the petition is met. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii).
A PCRA petition invoking one of these statutory exceptions “shall be filed
within 60 days of the date the claim could have been presented.” 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 9545(b)(2).
To establish the new constitutional right exception to the PCRA’s time-
bar, a petitioner must plead and prove that the United States Supreme Court
or the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania recognized a new constitutional right,
in an opinion issued after the petitioner’s deadline for filing a timely petition.
See § 9545(b)(1)(iii). The petitioner must also show that the court recognized
the asserted right as retroactively applicable. See id. Notably, “[a] contention
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that a newly-recognized constitutional right should be extended to others
does not render [a] petition [seeking such an expansion of the right] timely
pursuant to section 9545(b)(1)(iii).” Commonwealth v. Furgess, 149 A.3d
90, 94 (Pa. Super. 2016) (citation omitted; brackets in original; emphasis in
original).
Appellant’s judgment of sentence became final on December 1, 2014,
when his time for filing a notice of appeal to this Court expired. 2 Appellant
filed his PCRA petition on August 30, 2016,3 well outside of the one-year
deadline for timely filing such a petition.
To the extent Appellant argues that Birchfield introduced a new
constitutional right, and thus presents an exception to the PCRA’s time-bar,
this Court has previously addressed, and declined to grant relief on, that
identical issue. See Commonwealth v. Wilcox, 174 A.3d 670, 672 (Pa.
Super. 2017) (“Neither the United States Supreme Court nor our Supreme
Court has held that Birchfield is to be applied retroactively to cases like the
one herein where the judgment of sentence had become final prior to its
disposition.”)
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2 Appellant had thirty days to file a notice of appeal. However, the thirtieth
day was Sunday, November 30, 2014. Thus, his judgment of sentence became
final on the following Monday.
3 In his amended PCRA petition, Appellant asserts that he filed his petition on
or before August 22, 2016, the sixtieth day after the U.S. Supreme Court
issued its Birchfield decision. There is no evidence in the certified record to
support this purported filing date. And even if Appellant had filed the petition
on or before August 22, 2016, he is not entitled to relief for the reasons
discussed in this memorandum.
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Thus, the PCRA court did not err by summarily dismissing Appellant’s
PCRA petition. Accordingly, we affirm the order denying Appellant PCRA relief.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 4/30/2018
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