Com. v. Mayo, S. ( 2019 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
SUPREME DANIEL MAYO, :
:
Appellant. : No. 1952 MDA 2017
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered, November 14, 2017,
in the Court of Common Pleas of Berks County,
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-06-CR-0000879-2016,
CP-06-CR-0001334-2017, CP-06-CR-0001861-2016,
CP-06-CR-0001904-2017, CP-06-CR-0004195-2016.
BEFORE: GANTMAN, P.J., KUNSELMAN, J., and MUSMANNO, J.
MEMORANDUM BY KUNSELMAN, J.: FILED JANUARY 16, 2019
Supreme Daniel Mayo appeals from his judgment of sentence entered
on multiple convictions.1 In this direct appeal, Mayo’s counsel filed an
application to withdraw as counsel based upon Commonwealth v.
McClendon, 434 A.2d 1185 (Pa. 1981) and its federal predecessor Anders
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1 We note that Mayo filed his original notice of appeal in each of the five cases
at issue in this appeal as now required by Pa.R.A.P. 341 and Commonwealth
v. Walker, 185 A.3d 969 (Pa. 2018) (holding that the failure to file separate
notices of appeal from an order resolving issues on more than one docket
requires the appeal to be quashed). It then appears from the record that he
only filed one notice of appeal with all five cases listed after his appeal rights
were reinstated upon remand to the trial court. However, because the refiling
of Mayo’s notice was on March 20, 2018, prior to the decision in Walker on
June 1, 2018, which only applied to cases prospectively, this appeal may
proceed.
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v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967). We conclude that Mayo’s counsel
complied with the procedural requirements to withdraw. Further, after
independently reviewing the record, we conclude that the appeal is wholly
frivolous. We, therefore, grant counsel’s application to withdraw and affirm
the judgment of sentence.
On November 14, 2017, Mayo pled guilty in five separate cases on
various charges, including hindering apprehension or prosecution,2 accidents
involving damage to attended vehicle or property,3 driving under the influence
of a controlled substance,4 persons not to possess a firearm,5 and delivery of
a controlled substance.6 That same day, the trial court sentenced Mayo. The
trial court imposed all sentences concurrently, except the sentence for delivery
of a controlled substance at docket CP-06-CR-1904-17. The trial court
ordered this sentence to run consecutively to his sentence on the firearm
possession. In total, the trial court sentenced Mayo to not less than thirty
(30) months nor more than ten (10) years of incarceration.
On December 15, 2017, Mayo filed a pro se notice of appeal.7 He did
not file either a concise statement or docketing statement. Because of this,
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2 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 5105(a)(1).
3 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 3743(a).
4 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 3802(d)(2).
5 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 6105(a)(1).
6 35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(30).
7 At first glance, Mayo’s initial appeal appears to be untimely. However, under
the “prisoner mailbox rule”, a prisoner’s pro se appeal is deemed filed at the
time it is given to prison officials or put in the prison mailbox. See
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by order dated February 13, 2018, this Court remanded the matter to the trial
court to hold a hearing to determine whether Mayo’s counsel had abandoned
him; we retained jurisdiction. On March 8, 2018, the trial court determined
that Mayo’s counsel had not abandoned him, and reinstated Mayo’s direct
appeal rights, giving him thirty (30) in which to file a post-sentence motion.
However, Mayo did not file one. Instead, on March 20, 2018, Mayo refiled his
notice of appeal. Mayo’s counsel filed an Anders brief, seeking to withdraw
from this case on the basis that Mayo’s appeal is wholly frivolous.
“When presented with an Anders brief, this Court may not review the
merits of the underlying issues without first passing on the request to
withdraw.” Commonwealth v. Daniels, 999 A.2d 590, 593 (Pa. Super.
2010). To determine whether it is appropriate for counsel to withdraw, we
must first consider whether counsel satisfied certain procedural requirements.
In Commonwealth v. Santiago, 978 A.2d 349 (Pa. 2009), the
Pennsylvania Supreme Court explained what is required to be contained within
an Anders brief:
[T]he Anders brief that accompanies court-appointed
counsel’s petition to withdraw . . . must (1) provide a
summary of the procedural history and facts, with citations
to the record; (2) refer to anything in the record that
counsel believes arguably supports the appeal; (3) set forth
counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is frivolous; and (4)
state counsel’s reasons for concluding that the appeal is
frivolous. Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of
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Commonwealth v. Jones, 700 A.2d 423, 426 (Pa. 1997). Although it was
likely timely, we need not determine this given that Mayo’s full appeal rights
were reinstated subsequently.
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record, controlling case law, and/or statutes on point that
have led to the conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.
Santiago, 978 A.2d at 361. “While the Supreme Court in Santiago, set
forth the new requirements for an Anders brief, which are quoted above, the
holding did not abrogate the notice requirements set forth in
[Commonwealth v. Millisock, 873 A.2d 748, 751 (Pa. Super. 2005)] that
remain binding precedent”. Daniels, 999 A.2d at 594. Thus, counsel seeking
to withdraw on direct appeal must satisfy the following obligations to his or
her client:
Counsel also must provide a copy of the Anders brief to his
client. Attending the brief must be a letter that advises the
client of his right to: (1) retain new counsel to pursue the
appeal; (2) proceed pro se on appeal; or (3) raise any points
that the appellant deems worthy of the court[’]s attention
in addition to the points raised by counsel in the Anders
brief.
Commonwealth v. Orellana, 86 A.3d 877, 880 (Pa. Super. 2014) (citation
omitted). Our review reveals that Mayo’s counsel substantially complied with
the technical requirements of Anders and Santiago.
“Once counsel has satisfied the above requirements, it is then this
Court’s duty to conduct its own review of the trial court’s proceedings and
render an independent judgment as to whether the appeal is, in fact, wholly
frivolous.” Commonwealth v. Goodwin, 928 A.2d 287, 291 (Pa. Super.
2007) (en banc) (citation omitted); Santiago, 978 A.2d at 355 n.5. “In light
of the constitutional rights at issue, we must give Anders a most generous
reading and review ‘the case’ as presented in the entire record with
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consideration first of issues raised by counsel.” Commonwealth v.
Dempster, 187 A.23d 266, 272 (Pa. Super. 2018) (citing Anders, 286 U.S.
at 744). “[T]his review does not require this Court to act as counsel or
otherwise advocate on behalf of a party. Rather, it requires us only to conduct
a simple review of the record to ascertain if there appear on its face to be
arguably meritorious issues that counsel, intentionally or not, missed or
misstated.” Dempster, 187 A.23d at 272. Thus, we now turn to the
substantive requirement of this analysis.
Mayo has raised the following single issue on appeal:
1. Did the sentencing court impose an illegal and unfair sentence,
i.e., was the sentence imposed in violation of the sentencing
code as it was unreasonable, based upon improper factors,
based upon facts other than those presented at the sentencing
hearing, and for which insufficient reasons appear on the
record?
Anders Brief at 14. Although listed as one issue, Mayo challenges both the
legality and discretionary aspects of his sentence.
Mayo first challenges the legality of his sentence.
We review an illegal sentencing claim de novo and our scope of review
is plenary. Commonwealth v. Rodriguez, 174 A.3d 1130, 1147 (Pa. Super.
2017, appeal denied, 186 A.3d 941 (Pa. 2018) (citation omitted).
Furthermore, [i]f no statutory authorization exists for a particular sentence,
that sentence is illegal and subject to correction. Commonwealth v. Boyd,
941 A.2d 1, 3 (Pa. Super. 2007).
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At two of the dockets, CP-06-CR-1904-2017 and CP-06-CR-879-2016,
the trial court sentenced Mayo on one count each of delivery of a controlled
substance – cocaine. Mayo received sentencea of 15 to 60 months. Under
35 P.S. section 780-113(f)(1.1), an individual may be sentenced up to ten
(10) years.
At docket CP-06-CR-1861-2016, the trial court sentenced Mayo to 1 to
12 months’ imprisonment on one count of accidents involving damage to
attended vehicle or property, a misdemeanor of the third degree. Under 18
Pa.C.S.A. section 106(b)(8), an individual may be sentenced to a term of
imprisonment for not more than one (1) year.
At docket CP-06-CR-1334-2017, the trial court sentenced Mayo to 15 to
60 months on one count of persons not to possess firearms, a misdemeanor
of the first degree. Under 18 Pa.C.S.A. section 106(b)(6), an individual may
be sentenced to a term of imprisonment up to five (5) years.
At docket CP-06-CR-4195-2016, the trial court sentenced Mayo to 72
hours to 6 months for a first offense DUI, an ungraded misdemeanor. Under
72 Pa.C.S.A. section 3803(b)(2), an individual may be sentenced up to six (6)
months.
Also at docket CP-06-CR-879-2016, the trial court sentenced Mayo to 6
to 60 months’ imprisonment for hindering apprehension or prosecution, a
felony of the third degree. Under 18 Pa.C.S.A. section 106(b)(4), an individual
may be sentenced to a term of imprisonment up to seven (7) years.
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Each of the sentences imposed by the trial court were within the
statutory maximum and authorized by statute. Moreover, Mayo does not
specify why he considers any of these sentences to be illegal. When an issue
is not developed in an appellate brief, it will be deemed waived.
Commonwealth v. A.W. Robl Transport., 747 A.2d 400, 405 (Pa. Super.
2000). We, therefore, find no merit to his legality of sentence claim.
Mayo also challenges the discretionary aspects of his sentence. He
claims that his sentence was “unfair” because he received a consecutive
sentence on the charge of delivery of a controlled substance at docket CP-06-
CR-1904-2017, and because the trial court refused to impose a mitigated
sentence. Anders Brief at 12, 14.
Initially we note that Mayo does not have an automatic right to appeal
the discretionary aspects of his sentence. Rather, Mayo must petition this
Court for permission to appeal the discretionary aspects of his sentence. See
42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9781(b). Thus, in order to reach the merits of a discretionary
sentencing issue, we must determine: 1) whether appellant filed a timely
notice of appeal, 2) whether the issue was properly preserved at sentencing
or in a motion to reconsider and modify sentence, 3) whether appellant’s brief
includes a concise statement of the reasons relied upon for allowance of appeal
with respect to the discretionary aspects of sentence; and 4) whether the
concise statement raises a substantial question that the sentence is
appropriate under the Sentencing Code. Id.; Commonwealth v. Swope,
123 A.3d 333, 337 (Pa. Super. 2015).
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The Commonwealth claims, inter alia,8 that Mayo failed to raise his
discretionary sentencing claim in post-sentence motions. Accordingly, he is
not entitled to review of the claim that his sentence is “unfair”.
Commonwealth’s Brief at 4. We agree.
Upon remand from this Court for determination of whether counsel had
abandoned Mayo, the trial court granted Mayo leave to file a post-sentence
motion nunc pro tunc within thirty (30) days. However, Mayo did not file a
post-sentence motion. He also did not challenge the trial court’s discretion at
the time of his sentencing hearing. In fact, at the hearing, Mayo
acknowledged that the trial court imposed a lower sentence than
recommended by the Commonwealth. We, therefore, find that Mayo failed to
preserve any issues for appeal regarding the discretionary aspects of his
sentence.
For the foregoing reasons, we conclude that the issues raised in
counsel’s Anders brief are wholly frivolous. Furthermore, after an
independent review of the entire record, we conclude that no other issue of
arguable merit exists. Therefore, we grant counsel’s request to withdraw.
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8 The Commonwealth also argued that Mayo was not entitled to review for
failure to include a request to appeal from the discretionary aspects of his
sentence pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f). We note that, although Mayo’s brief
does not include a Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f) statement, where an Anders brief has
been filed, this Court has reviewed the discretionary sentencing despite the
absence of a Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f) statement. See Commonwealth v. Zeigler,
112 A.3d 757, 661 (Pa. Super. 2015).
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Moreover, having determined that the issues raised on appeal are wholly
frivolous, we affirm the judgment of sentence.
Petition to withdraw as counsel granted. Judgment of sentence
affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 1/16/2019
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