Com. v. Harris, W. ( 2018 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION – SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
v. :
:
WALTER HARRIS, : No. 1738 WDA 2017
:
Appellant :
Appeal from the PCRA Order, October 10, 2017,
in the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County
Criminal Division at No. CP-02-CR-0009183-1997
BEFORE: OLSON, J., MURRAY, J., AND FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E.
MEMORANDUM BY FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E.: FILED JUNE 6, 2018
Walter Harris appeals pro se from the order filed in the Court of
Common Pleas of Allegheny County that dismissed his petition filed pursuant
to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546.
Because we agree with the PCRA court that appellant’s facially untimely
petition failed to establish a statutory exception to the one-year jurisdictional
time limit for filing a petition under the PCRA, we affirm.
The record reflects that due to offenses committed on July 15, 1997,
appellant was charged with two counts of burglary, eight counts of robbery,
eleven counts of unlawful restraint, one count of criminal conspiracy, one
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count of persons not to possess a firearm, and one count of prohibited
offensive weapon.1
On June 22, 1998, appellant entered a plea of nolo contendere to all
charges. On August 20, 1998, the trial court entered a negotiated sentence
in which appellant was sentenced to concurrent terms of 6 to 18 years’
imprisonment for two of the robbery counts and a concurrent term of 6 to
12 years for one of the burglary counts. There were no further penalties on
the other convictions. Appellant did not file a direct appeal.
On October 13, 1998, appellant filed a pro se PCRA petition. The
PCRA court appointed counsel for appellant. On November 1, 1999,
appellant moved for a 60-day extension of time to file an amended PCRA
petition after receipt of the plea transcript. On February 8, 2000, the
Commonwealth moved to dismiss the petition on the basis that the amended
petition had not been filed. In an order dated January 3, 2002, the PCRA
court granted appellant’s motion to award him credit for time served from
July 15, 1997, the date of the incident. On April 10, 2003, appellant
petitioned for reconsideration/modification of sentence, which the PCRA
court denied on June 4, 2003.
On March 16, 2005, appellant filed a second pro se PCRA petition. On
April 15, 2005, the PCRA court appointed counsel to represent appellant. On
April 4, 2006, appointed counsel requested leave to withdraw pursuant to
1 18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 3502, 3701, 2902, 903, 6105, and 908, respectively.
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Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988), and
Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa.Super. 1988), because
appellant’s claims were either frivolous or not cognizable under the PCRA.
On May 11, 2006, the PCRA court filed its notice of intent to dismiss the
petition. On June 24, 2006, the PCRA court dismissed appellant’s petition.2
On May 3, 2012, appellant filed another pro se PCRA petition. On
August 10, 2012, the PCRA court filed its notice of intent to dismiss the
petition because it was untimely. On September 11, 2012, the PCRA court
dismissed the petition. Appellant appealed to this court. On September 24,
2013, this court affirmed the dismissal of the petition on the basis that the
petition was untimely and that appellant had failed to adequately plead and
prove that he was entitled to proceed under an exception to the PCRA’s
timeliness requirements. The Pennsylvania Supreme Court denied
appellant’s petition for allowance of appeal on July 8, 2014.
Commonwealth v. Harris, No. 1767 WDA 2012, unpublished
memorandum (Pa.Super. filed September 24, 2013), appeal denied, 95
A.3d 276 (Pa. 2014).
On July 14, 2017, appellant filed the PCRA petition that is before this
court. On July 28, 2017, the PCRA court provided appellant with notice that
it intended to dismiss the petition on the basis that it was untimely. In an
2Appellant filed a notice of appeal on July 21, 2006, though it appears that
he did not pursue that appeal.
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order dated October 10, 2017, the PCRA court dismissed the petition.
Appellant filed a notice of appeal on October 30, 2017. The PCRA court did
not order appellant to file a concise statement of errors complained of on
appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) and did not file an opinion.
Appellant raises the following issues for this court’s review:
I. Whether [a]ppellant has the right to be allowed
to answer the Notice of Intention to Dismiss?
II. Whether the [PCRA] court erred in denying the
post[-]conviction motion as being untimely?
III. Whether the [PCRA] court erred in barring the
motion as being successive?
IV. Whether the [PCRA] court erred in not
addressing [a]ppellant’s [m]otion on its
[m]erits?
Appellant’s brief at 1.
Subsequent PCRA petitions beyond a petitioner’s first petition are
subject to the following standard:
A second or subsequent petition for post-conviction
relief will not be entertained unless a strong
prima facie showing is offered to demonstrate that
a miscarriage of justice may have occurred.
Commonwealth v. Allen, 732 A.2d 582, 586 (Pa.
1999). A prima facie showing of entitlement to
relief is made only by demonstrating either that the
proceedings which resulted in conviction were so
unfair that a miscarriage of justice occurred which no
civilized society could tolerate, or the defendant’s
innocence of the crimes for which he was charged.
Id. at 586. Our standard of review for an order
denying post-conviction relief is limited to whether
the trial court’s determination is supported by
evidence of record and whether it is free of legal
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error. Commonwealth v. Jermyn, 709 A.2d 849,
856 (Pa. 1998).
A PCRA petition, including a second or subsequent
petition, must be filed within one year of the date
that judgment of sentence becomes final.
42 Pa.C.S.[A.] § 9545(b)(1). A judgment becomes
final for purposes of the PCRA “at the conclusion of
direct review, including discretionary review in the
Supreme Court of the United States and the
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, or the expiration of
time for seeking the review.” 42 Pa.C.S.[A.]
§ 9543(b)(3). PCRA time limits are jurisdictional in
nature, implicating a court’s very power to
adjudicate a controversy. Commonwealth v. Fahy,
737 A.2d 214 (Pa. 1999). Accordingly, the “period
for filing a PCRA petition can be extended only if the
PCRA permits it to be extended, i.e., by operation of
one of the statutorily enumerated exceptions to the
PCRA time-bar. Id. at 222.
Commonwealth v. Ali, 86 A.3d 173, 176-177 (Pa. 2014), cert. denied,
135 S.Ct. 707 (2014). Before addressing appellant’s issues on the merits,
we must first determine if we have jurisdiction to do so.
As noted above, a PCRA petitioner has one year from the date his or
her judgment of sentence becomes final in which to file a PCRA petition.
This court has held the following regarding when a judgment becomes final:
The plain language of the PCRA provides that a
judgment of sentence becomes final at the
conclusion of direct review or when the time seeking
direct review expires. See 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 9545(b)(3). In fixing the date upon which a
judgment of sentence becomes final, the PCRA does
not refer to the conclusion of collateral review or the
time for appealing a collateral review determination.
Thus, the plain language of the PCRA statute shows
that a judgment of sentence becomes final
immediately upon expiration of the time for seeking
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direct review, even if other collateral proceedings are
still ongoing. As this result is not absurd or
unreasonable, we may not look for further
manifestations of legislative intent. See
Commonwealth v. Hall, 80 A.3d 1204, 1211 (Pa.
2013) (internal quotation marks omitted) (We may
“look beyond the plain language of the statute only
when words are unclear or ambiguous, or the plain
meaning would lead to a result that is absurd,
impossible of execution, or unreasonable.”).
Commonwealth v. Callahan, 101 A.3d 118, 122 (Pa.Super. 2014).
In the instant case, the trial court sentenced appellant on August 20,
1998. He did not file a direct appeal. His judgment of sentence became
final on September 21, 1998, which was the end of the period for filing a
direct appeal.3 See Commonwealth v. Liebensperger, 904 A.2d 40, 46
(Pa.Super. 2006). Appellant filed the current PCRA petition on July 14,
2017, more than 18 years after his judgment became final and more than
17 years after a PCRA petition could be considered timely. See 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 9545(b)(1).
As noted above, the PCRA does enumerate exceptions to the one-year
time limit. A petitioner must plead and prove that he meets one of the
following exceptions to the time requirement:
(i) The failure to raise the claim previously was
the result of interference by government
officials with the presentation of the claim in
violation of the Constitution or laws of this
Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of
the United States;
3September 19, 1998, was a Saturday so the actual deadline became the
next business day, September 21, 1998. See 1 Pa.C.S.A. § 1908.
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(ii) The facts upon which the claim is predicated
were unknown to the petitioner and could not
have been ascertained by the exercise of due
diligence; or
(iii) The right asserted is a constitutional right that
was recognized by the Supreme Court of the
United States or the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania after the time period provided in
this section and has been held by that court to
apply retroactively.
42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii). Section 9545 also mandates that any
petition filed under these exceptions must be filed within 60 days of the date
the claim could have been presented. Id. at § 9545(b)(2).
Here, appellant, who is currently incarcerated in federal prison,4
asserts that he sought to obtain a classification for a lower level federal
facility, but the unit secretary, Mrs. Stubbs, told him that he could not get
too low a score for classification because of the violence of the crimes for
which he has filed the current petition. He alleges that Mrs. Stubbs later
confirmed that his detainer for a parole violation and the violence described
in the pre-sentence investigation report (“PSI”) here would hinder him from
obtaining a lower score for the remainder of time in the Federal Bureau of
Prisons unless the parole detainer is lifted or the convictions at issue here
4 Although appellant is in a federal facility, he committed the federal crime
for which he was convicted while on parole from the sentence at issue here.
Appellant mentions that the detainer from the Pennsylvania Board of
Probation and Parole is one reason that his score will not get low enough in
federal prison to move to a lower level federal facility.
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are vacated or dismissed. Appellant asserts that while the PSI describes his
threatening victims with a loaded shotgun, he was not mentioned as striking
or threatening anyone in any interviews and that he never pleaded guilty to
the violence described in the PSI.
Apparently, appellant is claiming that he meets the exception
contained in 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(ii) that there are unknown facts
which he has discovered that allow him to proceed with an untimely PCRA
petition. This court does not agree. Any facts concerning his score at the
Federal Bureau of Prisons have no bearing on his 1998 convictions. Further,
to the extent he is claiming that the violence described in the PSI is a new
fact, the trial court specifically referred to the PSI at the sentencing hearing,
and appellant and/or his counsel could have read the contents of the PSI and
informed the trial court of the error at that time. Appellant has not
successfully pled or proved that he meets the exception to the timeliness
requirements of the PCRA.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 6/6/2018
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