Com. v. Dixon, J. ( 2023 )

J-A03015-23
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
JOEY DIXON :
:
Appellant : No. 1042 EDA 2020
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered February 20, 2020
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0003861-2011
BEFORE: KING, J., SULLIVAN, J., and STEVENS, P.J.E.*
MEMORANDUM BY STEVENS, P.J.E.: FILED FEBRUARY 7, 2023
Appellant Joey Dixon appeals from the order of the Court of Common
Pleas of Philadelphia County denying his petition pursuant to the Post-
Conviction Relief Act (PCRA).1 We dismiss the appeal.
On June 5, 2014, a jury convicted Appellant of robbery, aggravated
assault, possession of an instrument of crime, and possession of a firearm
without a license. In a bifurcated portion of the trial, the trial court convicted
Appellant of persons prohibited from possessing firearms. On August 6, 2014,
the trial court sentenced Appellant to an aggregate sentence of twenty to forty
years’ imprisonment to be followed by five years’ probation.
On August 8, 2014, Appellant filed a post-sentence motion which the
trial court subsequently denied. On June 7, 2016, this Court affirmed the
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* Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
1 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546.
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judgment of sentence and on October 19, 2016, the Supreme Court denied
Appellant’s petition for allowance of appeal.
Appellant filed a timely PCRA petition on October 18, 2017 and an
amended PCRA petition on August 28, 2018. On December 6, 2019, the PCRA
court issued notice of its intent to dismiss the petition without a hearing
pursuant to Pa.R.Crim. 907. On February 20, 2020, the PCRA court dismissed
the petition. On March 19, 2020, Appellant filed this appeal.
This Court initially directed Appellant to file a docketing statement
pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 3517 by May 19, 2020.2 Counsel failed to respond, and
on June 3, 2020, this Court directed counsel to file the docketing statement
by June 15, 2020. Once again counsel failed to respond, and thereafter, on
June 29, 2020, this Court dismissed the appeal. The appeal was remitted to
the PCRA court on August 5, 2020.
Nearly six months after the appeal was dismissed, on December 15,
2020, Appellant’s counsel filed an application to file the docketing statement
nunc pro tunc, averring that he experienced multiple COVID-related
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2 Rule 3517 provides that:
Whenever a notice of appeal to the Superior Court is filed, the
Prothonotary shall send a docketing statement form which shall
be completed and returned within ten (10) days in order that the
Court shall be able to more efficiently and expeditiously administer
the scheduling of argument and submission of cases on appeal.
Failure to file a docketing statement may result in dismissal of the
appeal.
Pa.R.A.P. 3517.
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complications during the time period in which the statement was due. The
record does not contain any indication that counsel made any effort
whatsoever during that six-month period to alert the Court to his alleged
“COVID-related” problems.
On January 5, 2021, this Court vacated the June 29, 2020 order and
reinstated the appeal. However, this per curiam order was entered without
prejudice for the merits panel to determine whether this appeal should be
dismissed for lack of jurisdiction.
As such, before we reach the merits of this appeal, we must consider
whether this Court had jurisdiction to vacate our June 15, 2020 order.
§ 5505. Modification of orders
Except as otherwise provided or prescribed by law, a court upon
notice to the parties may modify or rescind any order within 30
days after its entry, notwithstanding the prior termination of any
term of court, if no appeal from such order has been taken or
allowed.
42 Pa.C.S.A. § 5505. Thus, as a general rule, a court loses jurisdiction to alter,
modify, or rescind a final order after the thirty-day statutory limitation set
forth in Section 5505 expires. Id.
Nevertheless, certain exceptions to this general rule exist as the “time
constraint imposed by section 5505 does not affect the inherent powers of the
court to modify a sentence in order to amend records, to correct mistakes of
court officers or counsel's inadvertencies, or to supply defects or omissions in
the record.” Commonwealth v. Walters, 814 A.2d 253, 256 (Pa.Super.
2002) (quoting Commonwealth v. Quinlan, 639 A.2d 1235, 1238
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(Pa.Super. 1994)) (internal quotation marks omitted). See also
Commonwealth v. Holmes, 593 Pa. 601, 615, 933 A.2d 57, 65 (2007)
(recognizing the “inherent power of a court to correct obvious and patent
mistakes in its orders, judgments and decrees”).
Moreover, a court has the authority to open or vacate a prior order after
the 30-day period has expired “where a showing of fraud or another
circumstance so grave or compelling as to constitute extraordinary causes
justifying intervention by the court.” Walters, 814 A.2d at 256 (quoting
Cardwell v. Chrysler Fin. Corp.,804 A.2d 18, 22 (Pa.Super. 2002) (internal
quotation marks omitted). This Court has recognized that an “extraordinary
cause” is limited in nature such that “mistakes or ordinary neglect by counsel
do not constitute extraordinary circumstances.” Manufacturers & Traders
Tr. Co. v. Greenville Gastroenterology, SC, 108 A.3d 913, 919 (Pa.Super.
2015).
In order to grant Appellant’s December 15, 2020 request for permission
to file a docketing statement nunc pro tunc, it would be necessary to vacate
our June 29, 2020 dismissal order nearly six months after it was entered.
However, Appellant’s latest request is again untimely and clearly beyond the
thirty-day time limitation set forth in Section 5505.
Appellant does not claim that the June 29, 2020 order dismissing the
appeal contained any error but suggests that extraordinary circumstances
existed that authorized this Court to vacate the order and reinstate the appeal.
Specifically, Appellant’s counsel claims that he missed this Court’s mailing
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directing him to file a docketing statement, as he did not go into his office to
retrieve his mail in June 2020, which counsel characterizes as the “initial surge
of the COVID-19 pandemic.” Motion to File a Nunc Pro Tunc Docketing
Statement, at 1. Counsel contends that his age and health conditions placed
him in a “high risk” category during the pandemic and asserts that he had
certain medical procedures performed that concluded with “potentially serious
unexpected results.” Id. at 2.
On March 18, 2020, the Supreme Court issued an order declaring a
statewide judicial emergency in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, in which
it suspended “all time calculations for purposes of time computation relevant
to court cases or other judicial business, as well as time deadlines[.]” See In
re: General Statewide Judicial Emergency, 228 A.3d 1283, 1285 (Pa.
2020). The statewide judicial emergency was extended to and ended on June
1, 2020. See In re General Statewide Judicial Emergency, 229 A.3d 229(Pa. 2020); In re General Statewide Judicial Emergency, 230 A.3d 1015(Pa. 2020); In re General Statewide Judicial Emergency, 234 A.3d 408(Pa. 2020).3
In its May 27, 2020 order, the Supreme Court provided specific guidance
to legal professionals:
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3However, the Supreme Court allowed local judicial districts to extend their
emergency orders beyond June 1, 2020. In re General Statewide Judicial
Emergency, 234 A.3d 408 (Pa. 2020).
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In previous orders, this Court authorized and encouraged both
courts and legal professionals to use advanced communication
technology whenever possible to protect public health and safety.
In addition, our April 28, 2020 order specifically referenced
guidance by the executive branch providing that while law offices
(like most other businesses) remained generally closed, lawyers
and staff could access their physical offices under certain
circumstances.
***
As regions of the state reopen, and as courts resume the full range
of court business, the need for legal professionals to gain greater
physical access to their offices naturally increases as well.
Pennsylvania attorneys have an obligation under our Rules of
Professional Conduct to promptly, competently, and diligently
represent their clients. To that end, attorneys and staff must be
able to, and therefore may, access their physical offices at least
to the extent the attorneys reasonably believe doing so is
necessary to satisfy their professional obligations, provided they
take appropriate measures to protect the safety of their
employees and the public.
In re Gen. Statewide Jud. Emergency, 234 A.3d at 409.
As noted above, on June 3, 2020, this Court directed Appellant to file a
docketing statement on June 15, 2020, after the statewide judicial emergency
had ended on June 1, 2020. While counsel asserts that he could not access
his office in June 2020, the Supreme Court’s May 27, 2020 order authorized
attorneys to obtain access their physical offices to satisfy their professional
obligations. While the COVID-19 pandemic may have made the practice of law
more difficult during this time period, it did not excuse counsel from fulfilling
his duty to promptly, competently, and diligently represent his clients. We
reject counsel’s suggestion that he was not required to arrange to obtain mail
sent to his physical office after the judicial emergency ended.
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As a result, we find Appellant’s failure to file a docketing statement was
the result of counsel’s ordinary neglect. Thus, this Court correctly dismissed
this appeal on June 29, 2020 due to Appellant’s failure to file a docketing
statement pursuant to Rule 3517. Appellant has not presented a
“circumstance so grave or compelling as to constitute [an] extraordinary
cause[] justifying intervention by the court” to allow this Court to rescind its
June 29, 2020 order dismissing the appeal. Walters, supra; Manufacturers
& Traders Tr. Co., supra.
This Court’s January 5, 2021 per curiam order reinstated the appeal and
directed our merits panel to determine whether this Court had authority to
rescind the June 29, 2020 dismissal order to allow Appellant to file a docketing
statement nunc pro tunc. We conclude that this Court did not have jurisdiction
to rescind the dismissal order beyond the time limitation set forth in 42
Pa.C.S.A. § 5505.
Appeal dismissed. Jurisdiction relinquished.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 2/7/2023
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