Com. v. Bryant, K. ( 2016 )


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  • J-S21008-16
    NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
    COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA,                     IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
    PENNSYLVANIA
    Appellee
    v.
    KEVIN BRYANT,
    Appellant                 No. 1747 EDA 2015
    Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence May 11, 2015
    In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
    Criminal Division at No(s): CP-51-CR-0007897-2014
    BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., LAZARUS, J., and STEVENS, P.J.E.*
    MEMORANDUM BY BENDER, P.J.E.:                            FILED MAY 02, 2016
    Kevin Bryant appeals from the judgment of sentence of eighteen
    months’ to five years’ incarceration and two years of concurrent probation,
    imposed May 11, 2015, following a bench trial resulting in his conviction for
    receiving stolen property and unauthorized use of automobiles and other
    vehicles.1 We affirm.
    In June 2014, the owner of a 2012 Honda Accord bearing New York
    license plates reported his vehicle stolen. Ten days after this report, Officer
    Marlin Robinson was on regular patrol in Philadelphia, in a marked cruiser,
    when he spotted Appellant driving a 2012 Honda Accord with New York
    ____________________________________________
    *
    Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
    1
    Respectively, see 18 Pa.C.S. §§ 3925 and 3928.
    J-S21008-16
    plates. Officer Robinson ran the plates, discovered the vehicle was stolen,
    and proceeded to follow the vehicle.
    After three blocks, Appellant parked the car and got out, along with his
    passenger.     Appellant and his passenger walked away from the vehicle.
    Officer Robinson exited his cruiser, apprehended Appellant, and returned
    him to the Honda. As he returned, Officer Robinson discovered a Honda car
    key and electronic “fob” on the ground near the vehicle.              He tested these
    items and confirmed that they operated the vehicle.
    Neither the owner of the vehicle, nor its regular driver (the owner’s
    daughter), knew Appellant or gave him permission to drive the car.
    Appellant offered no explanation for his possession of it.
    Appellant was arrested and charged. In May 2015, following a waiver
    trial, he was convicted and sentenced as cited above.                 Appellant timely
    appealed and filed a court-ordered Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement.2 The trial
    court issued a responsive opinion.
    On appeal, Appellant challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to
    convict him of receiving stolen property.             See Appellant’s Brief at 3.   We
    review    a   challenge     to   the    sufficiency    of   the   evidence   de   novo.
    Commonwealth v. Robinson, 
    128 A.3d 261
    , 264 (Pa. Super. 2015) (en
    banc).    “[O]ur scope of review is limited to considering the evidence of
    ____________________________________________
    2
    With the court’s permission, Appellant also filed a supplemental statement,
    raising the same issues.
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    J-S21008-16
    record, and all reasonable inferences arising therefrom, viewed in the light
    most favorable to the Commonwealth as the verdict winner.” 
    Id.
     (citation
    omitted).
    The crime of receiving stolen property is defined as follows:
    A person is guilty of theft if he intentionally receives, retains, or
    disposes of movable property of another knowing that it has
    been stolen, or believing that it has probably been stolen, unless
    the property is received, retained, or disposed with intent to
    restore it to the owner.
    18 Pa.C.S. § 3925(a). Essentially, the Commonwealth must prove (1) the
    property was stolen; (2) the defendant received the property; and (3) the
    defendant knew or had reason to know it had been stolen.             See, e.g.,
    Commonwealth v. Matthews, 
    632 A.2d 570
    , 572 (Pa. Super. 1993).
    Mere possession of stolen property is insufficient.    
    Id. at 571
    .    However,
    guilty knowledge may be inferred from circumstantial evidence. Robinson,
    128 A.3d at 265; see also, e.g., Commonwealth v. Foreman, 
    797 A.2d 1005
    , 1012 (Pa. Super. 2002) (“A permissible inference of guilty knowledge
    may be      drawn from the     unexplained possession of recently stolen
    goods[.]”); Commonwealth v. Worrell, 
    419 A.2d 1199
    , 1202 (Pa. Super.
    1980 (concluding that a defendant’s efforts to conceal his connection to
    stolen property implied his guilty knowledge); Commonwealth v. Phillips,
    
    392 A.2d 708
    , 710 (Pa. Super. 1978) (concluding that the absence of any
    relationship between the owner of property and the defendant implied guilty
    knowledge).
    -3-
    J-S21008-16
    Appellant contends that the Commonwealth failed to prove that he
    knew or had reason to know that the vehicle he was driving was stolen. See
    Appellant’s Brief at 9.      Citing in support, Matthews, 
    632 A.2d at 571
    ,
    Appellant asserts that mere possession is insufficient to prove guilty
    knowledge and that there must be “other evidence.” Appellant’s Brief at 10.
    For example, according to Appellant, there was no evidence that he
    discarded the Honda key in an attempt to disassociate himself from the
    stolen vehicle. Rather, Appellant suggests, dropping the key may have been
    an accident. See id. at 12. Thus, Appellant concludes, any inference that
    he knew or had reason to know the vehicle was stolen was unwarranted and
    insufficient to support his conviction. Id. at 13.
    Appellant’s argument is not persuasive. In Matthews, the defendant
    was stopped by police while driving a stolen vehicle. Matthews, 
    632 A.2d at 571
    .    The defendant explained that he had rented the vehicle from an
    acquaintance earlier in the evening so he could perform a plumbing job. 
    Id. at 572
    .    Though convicted following a trial, we vacated the defendant’s
    judgment    of   sentence,    concluding   that   apart   from   the   defendant’s
    possession of the stolen vehicle, the Commonwealth had offered no
    additional evidence supporting an inference of guilty knowledge, and in light
    of the defendant’s explanation, the evidence was insufficient. 
    Id. at 573
    .
    Here, the police, in a marked patrol car, followed Appellant driving the
    stolen Honda for three blocks.      In our view, this evidence is sufficient to
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    support an inference that Appellant knew the police were following him.
    Thereafter, Appellant abandoned the car and its key.          In our view, these
    additional facts support an inference that Appellant sought to conceal or
    disassociate himself from the stolen vehicle.         See Worrell, 419 A.2d at
    1202.     The owner of the vehicle did not know Appellant or give him
    permission to operate the vehicle, further supporting an inference of guilty
    knowledge.     See Phillips, 
    392 A.2d at 710
    .        Finally, Appellant offered no
    explanation for his possession of the stolen Honda. Contra Matthews, 
    632 A.2d at 573
    .      In our view, these facts, taken together, amply support an
    inference that Appellant knew or had reason to know that the vehicle he was
    driving was stolen. See Robinson, 128 A.3d at 265.
    Appellant’s reliance upon Matthews is misplaced, and his claim is
    without merit. The evidence against Appellant was sufficient to establish his
    guilt for receiving stolen property.           Thus, we affirm the judgment of
    sentence.3
    Judgment of sentence affirmed.
    ____________________________________________
    3
    To the extent Appellant suggests that the trial court erred in failing to draw
    inferences more favorable to him, see Appellant’s Brief at 11-12, we
    reiterate that our standard of review requires that we examine the record in
    the light most favorable to the Commonwealth as verdict winner. See
    Robinson, 128 A.3d at 264.
    -5-
    J-S21008-16
    Judgment Entered.
    Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
    Prothonotary
    Date: 5/2/2016
    -6-
    

Document Info

Docket Number: 1747 EDA 2015

Filed Date: 5/2/2016

Precedential Status: Precedential

Modified Date: 5/2/2016