Com. v. Stoneroad, D. ( 2019 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
DALE ROBERT STONEROAD, :
:
Appellant. : No. 1320 MDA 2018
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered, July 16, 2018,
in the Court of Common Pleas of Mifflin County,
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-44-CR-0000263-2011.
BEFORE: BOWES, J., SHOGAN, J., and KUNSELMAN, J.
MEMORANDUM BY KUNSELMAN, J.: FILED FEBRUARY 14, 2019
Dale Robert Stoneroad appeals from the order denying as untimely his
serial petition filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”). 42
Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-46. We affirm.
The facts and procedural history are as follows: On December 6, 2011,
Stoneroad entered a guilty plea to multiple counts of sex offenses involving
two juveniles. On February 29, 2012, the trial court sentenced Stoneroad to
an aggregate sentence of ten to twenty years of imprisonment. The trial court
also designated Stoneroad to be a sexually violent predator (“SVP”).
Stoneroad filed neither a post-sentence motion or a direct appeal.
On June 27, 2012, Stoneroad filed his first a pro se PCRA petition. The
PCRA court appointed counsel, but Stoneroad later withdrew the petition on
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December 6, 2012. Thereafter, Stoneroad filed unsuccessful PCRA petitions
in 2013, 2014, and 2016.
On June 19, 2017, our Supreme Court decided Commonwealth v.
Muniz, 164 A.3d 1189 (Pa. 2017). In Muniz, our Supreme Court held that
retroactive application of the registration and reporting requirements of the
Pennsylvania Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (“SORNA”),1
violated the ex post facto clauses of the United States and Pennsylvania
Constitutions. Muniz, 164 A.3d at 1223.
On October 31, 2017, a panel of this Court decided Commonwealth v.
Butler, 173 A.3d 1212 (Pa. Super. 2017), appeal granted, 190 A.3d 581 (Pa.
2018). In Butler the panel majority concluded that, in light of our Supreme
Court’s decision in Muniz, “section 9799.24(e0(3) of SORNA [involving SVP
designation] violates the federal and state constitutions because it increases
the criminal penalty to which a defendant is exposed without the chosen fact-
finder making the necessary factual findings beyond a reasonable doubt.”
Butler, 173 A.3d at 1218.2
On December 14, 2017, Stoneroad filed the serial pro se PCRA petition
at issue. In this filing, he challenged the legality of his sentence in light of
Muniz and Butler. The PCRA court appointed counsel, and PCRA counsel filed
an amended petition on February 26, 2018. The PCRA court held a hearing
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1 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9799.10-9799.42.
2 Judge Stabile filed a dissenting opinion.
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on June 12, 2018, at which the court heard argument from the parties
regarding the timeliness of Stoneroad’s latest petition. By order entered July
16, 2018, the PCRA court dismissed Stoneroad’s serial petition as untimely
filed. This counselled appeal follows. Both Stoneroad and the PCRA court
have complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.
This Court’s standard of review regarding an order dismissing a petition
under the PCRA is whether the determination of the PCRA court is supported
by the evidence of record and is free of legal error. Commonwealth v.
Halley, 870 A.2d 795, 799 n.2 (Pa. 2005). The PCRA court’s findings will not
be disturbed unless there is no support for the findings in the certified record.
Commonwealth v. Carr, 768 A.2d 1164, 1166 (Pa. Super. 2001).
Before addressing the issue Stoneroad raises on appeal, we must first
determine whether the PCRA court correctly concluded that his serial PCRA
petition is untimely.
The timeliness of a post-conviction petition is jurisdictional.
Commonwealth v. Hernandez, 79 A.3d 649, 651 (Pa. Super. 2013).
Generally, a petition for relief under the PCRA, including a second or
subsequent petition, must be filed within one year of the date the judgment
becomes final unless the petition alleges, and the petitioner proves, that an
exception to the time for filing the petition, set forth at 42 Pa.C.S.A. sections
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9545(b)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii), is met.3 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545. A PCRA petition
invoking one of these statutory exceptions must “be filed within 60 days of
the date the claims could have been presented.” See Hernandez, 79 A.3d
651-52 (citations omitted); see also 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2). Finally,
exceptions to the PCRA’s time bar must be pled in the petition, and may not
be raised for the first time on appeal. Commonwealth v. Burton, 936 A.2d
521, 525 (Pa. Super. 2007); see also Pa.R.A.P. 302(a) (providing that issues
not raised before the lower court are waived and cannot be raised for the first
time on appeal).
Here, Stoneroad’s judgment of sentence became final on March 30,
2012, thirty days after he failed to file an appeal to this Court following the
imposition of his sentence on February 29, 2012. Thus, in order to be timely,
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3 The exceptions to the timeliness requirement are:
(i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result of
interference of government officials with the presentation of the
claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this Commonwealth
or the Constitution or laws of the United States.
(ii) the facts upon which the claim is predicated were unknown to
the petitioner and could not have been ascertained by the exercise
of due diligence; or
(iii) the right asserted is a constitutional right that was recognized
by the Supreme Court of the United States or the Supreme Court
of Pennsylvania after the time period provided in this section and
has been held by that court to apply retroactively.
42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9545(b)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii).
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Stoneroad had to file his latest petition by March 30, 2013. As he filed the
petition at issue in 2017, it is untimely, unless Stoneroad satisfied his burden
of pleading and proving that one of the enumerated exceptions applies. See
Hernandez, supra.Stoneroad has failed to establish any exception to the PCRA’s time bar.
Within his brief, he first argues that his latest PCRA petition is timely because
he filed it within sixty days of the Butler decision. Stoneroad’s Brief at 10-
11. However, because Butler, is a decision by this Court, rather than the
Pennsylvania Supreme Court, it cannot be relied upon to establish the new
constitutional right exception to the PCRA’s time bar. See Commonwealth
v. Brandon, 51 A.3d 231 (Pa. Super. 2012) (holding that the language of
section 9545(b)(1)(iii) does not contemplate that a decision of the Superior
Court may provide the basis for an exception to the PCRA’s time bar).
Stoneroad next asserts that an illegal sentencing claim can never be
waived. He is wrong. As long as this Court has jurisdiction over the matter,
a legality of sentencing issue is reviewable and cannot be waived.
Commonwealth v. Jones, 932 A.2d 179, 182 (Pa. Super. 2007). However,
a legality of sentencing issue must be raised in a timely filed PCRA petition to
confer jurisdiction on this Court. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1);
Commonwealth v. Fahy, 737 A.2d 214, 223 (Pa. 1999) (explaining that,
“[a]lthough legality of sentence is always subject to review within the PCRA,
claims must first satisfy the PCRA’s time limits or one of the exceptions
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thereto”). Appellant can only present an illegal sentencing claim in a timely
PCRA petition over which we have jurisdiction. See Fahy, 737 A.2d at 223;
Commonwealth v. Miller, 102 A.3d 988, 995-96 (Pa. Super. 2014)
(explaining that the decision in Alleyne does not invalidate a mandatory
minimum sentence when presented in an untimely PCRA petition). See also
Commonwealth v. Whitehawk, 146 A.3d 266, 270 (Pa. Super. 2016).
Within his brief, Stoneroad also “suggests that since the holdings in
Muniz and Butler create a question whether [his] sentence is legal that as
such 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1) should be construed to afford him one (1)
year during which to file a challenge to the legality of his sentence based on
Muniz and Butler. To hold otherwise, suggests that a person can be given
an illegal sentence in the Commonwealth without legal remedy.” Stoneroad’s
Brief at 13. He cites no case authority for this proposition. In addition,
Stoneroad cites the “manifest injustice” language of Commonwealth v.
Lawson, 549 A.2d 107 (Pa. 1988), to support his claim that his illegal
sentence claim should be considered. We note that the Lawson decision
predates the time-restrictions amendments to the PCRA in 1995. It is well-
settled by subsequent case law that the statutory time period for filing PCRA
petition is not subject to the doctrine of equitable tolling; rather the time for
filing can be extended only if the PCRA statute permits it to be extended by
operation of one of the enumerated exceptions to the PCRA’s time-bar.
Commonwealth v. Smallwood, 155 A.3d 1054, 1059-60 (Pa. Super. 2017).
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Finally, Stoneroad acknowledges that he did not file his latest PCRA
petition within sixty days of the Muniz decision. Nevertheless, we note that
this Court has held that “the recent holding in Muniz created a substantive
rule that retroactively applies in the collateral context.” Commonwealth v.
Rivera-Figueroa, 174 A.3d 674, 678 (Pa. Super. 2017). However, because
Stoneroad’s latest PCRA petition was untimely, unlike the timely PCRA petition
at issue in Rivera-Figueroa, he must demonstrate that the Pennsylvania
Supreme Court has held Muniz applies retroactively to untimely PCRA
petitions in order to satisfy Section 9545(b)(1)(iii). Because our Supreme
Court has yet to reach this conclusion, he cannot rely on Muniz to establish
that time-bar exception. See Commonwealth v. Murphy, 180 A.3d 402,
405-06 (Pa. Super. 2018).
In light of the foregoing, we conclude that Stoneroad’s latest PCRA
petition was untimely filed, and he has not pled and proven an exception to
the PCRA’s timeliness requirements. As such, the PCRA court correctly
concluded that it lacked jurisdiction, and we affirm the court’s order denying
Stoneroad post-conviction relief.
Order affirmed.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 02/14/2019
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