Com. v. Villanueva, C. ( 2019 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
CYNTHIA MARIE VILLANUEVA :
:
Appellant : No. 1863 MDA 2018
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered November 2, 2018
In the Court of Common Pleas of Lycoming County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-41-CR-0001403-2016
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
CYNTHIA M. VILLANUEVA :
:
Appellant : No. 1864 MDA 2018
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered November 2, 2018
In the Court of Common Pleas of Lycoming County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-41-CR-0001893-2016
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
CYNTHIA MARIE VILLANUEVA :
:
Appellant : No. 1865 MDA 2018
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered November 2, 2018
In the Court of Common Pleas of Lycoming County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-41-CR-0002119-2015
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BEFORE: PANELLA, P.J., SHOGAN, J., and PELLEGRINI*, J.
MEMORANDUM BY SHOGAN, J.: FILED OCTOBER 08, 2019
In these related cases, Appellant Cynthia Marie Villanueva appeals from
the judgments of sentence entered November 2, 2018, following the
revocation of her parole and probation. Appellant’s counsel has filed motions
to withdraw and briefs pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738(1967), and Commonwealth v. Santiago, 978 A.2d 349 (Pa. 2009). After
careful review, we affirm the judgments of sentence and grant counsel’s
motions to withdraw.
The trial court set forth the following factual and procedural history:
By way of background, in [criminal docket number] 2119-
2015, Appellant was charged with retail theft and receiving stolen
property, both misdemeanors of the second degree, for taking
$120 worth of merchandise from J.C.Penney on October 27, 2015.
On December 28, 2015, Appellant entered a guilty plea to retail
theft and was sentenced to 18 months’ probation.1
1 Appellant was already serving a sentence of 12 months’
probation for retail theft in case 1920-2015.
In [criminal docket number] 1403-2016, on August 2, 2016,
Appellant was charged with retail theft, a felony of the third
degree; false identification to law enforcement, a misdemeanor of
the third degree; and possession of a small amount of marijuana,
an ungraded misdemeanor for taking $353.40 worth of
merchandise from Wal-Mart, providing a false name to law
enforcement officials, and possessing 1.2 grams of marijuana on
July 28, 2016. On September 12, 2016, Appellant pled guilty to
these charges.
In [criminal docket number] 1893-2016, on October 11,
2016, Appellant was charged with retail theft, a felony of the third
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* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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degree, for taking $39.85 worth of merchandise from Family
Dollar on August 26, 2016.
On December 7, 2016, Appellant pled guilty to retail theft in
case 1893-2016 and the court sentenced her to 18 months’
probation. The court also sentenced Appellant to a consecutive
term of 18 months’ probation for retail theft in case 1403-2016.
The aggregate sentence of 36 months’ probation was to be served
consecutive to any sentence Appellant was currently serving. As
one of the conditions of Appellant’s probation, the court directed
Appellant to attend and complete the Drug Court Program. The
court also found that Appellant violated the conditions of her
probation in case 2119-2015 by committing these new offenses;
however, rather than revoke Appellant’s probation, the court
ordered Appellant to complete the Drug Court Program.2
2 As a result of the new offenses committed in 2016, the
probationary sentence in 1920-2015 was revoked on
December 7, 2016 and Appellant was sentenced to 100 days
to 24 months’ less one day of incarceration at the county
prison. As Appellant had at least 100 days of credit toward
this sentence, she was immediately paroled.
Unfortunately, Appellant did not successfully complete the
Drug Court Program. Despite escalating sanctions, she continued
to violate the conditions of the program. On March 21, 2018, she
was removed from the program.
On June 21, 2018, the court found that Appellant violated
the conditions of her probation (and her parole in case 1920-2015)
by being removed from the Drug Court Program. The court sent
Appellant for an evaluation to determine if she was appropriate
for the State Intermediate Punishment (SIP) Program. New
criminal charges were filed against Appellant after she was sent
for the evaluation,3 so she was either removed from the SIP
Program or removed from consideration for the SIP Program and
returned to Lycoming County for sentencing.
3 See CP-41-CR-0001442-2018 and CP-41-CR-0001522-
2018.
On November 2, 2018, the court revoked Appellant’s
probation and resentenced her to 3 to 7 years’ incarceration in a
state correctional institution for retail theft, a felony of the third
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degree, under Information 1403-2016; a concurrent term of 3 to
7 years’ incarceration for retail theft; a felony of the third degree,
under Information 1893-2016; and a concurrent term of 1 to 2
years’ incarceration for retail theft, a misdemeanor of the second
degree, under Information 2119-2015. [Although Appellant was
on parole at case number 1920-2015, her parole expired on
August 18, 2018, and the trial court took no action under that
number following the November 2, 2018 hearing.]
On November 13, 2018, Appellant filed a post sentence
motion, in which she asserted that her sentence was excessive
and unreasonable, and a notice of appeal. The court summarily
denied the post sentence motion on November 28, 2018.
The court did not order Appellant to file a concise statement
of errors complained of on appeal … .
Trial Court Opinion, 3/15/19, at 1–3. On February 28, 2019, this Court sua
sponte consolidated the appeals at docket numbers 1863 MDA 2018 and 1864
MDA 2018. Order, 2/28/19. Upon our review, we have consolidated said
appeals with the appeal at docket number 1865 MDA 2018.
Before we reach the merits of the appeal, we address two orders to show
cause, filed on February 28, 2019. Therein, this Court asked Appellant to
show cause why her appeal should not be quashed for failing to comply with
Commonwealth v. Walker, 185 A.3d 969, 971 (Pa. 2018) (holding that
“where a single order resolves issues arising on more than one docket,
separate notices of appeal must be filed for each case” and finding failure to
comply will result in quashal of the appeal). In response to the orders to show
cause, Appellant averred that she filed an identical notice of appeal to each
docket and each notice listed the three dockets from which she was appealing;
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thus, her only error was a failure to individualize the caption on each notice of
appeal.1 Memorandums to Show Cause, 3/7/19.
This Court recently filed its decision in Commonwealth v. Creese, __
A.3d __, __, 2019 PA Super 241, *2 (Pa. Super. filed August 14, 2019). In
that case, this Court found that an appellant that filed four identical notices of
appeal at each docket did not comply with Walker because each notice of
appeal contained all the docket numbers from which the appeals were taken.
Creese, __A.3d at __. 2019 PA Super at *2. Specifically, the Court found
that Walker requires that each notice of appeal contain only one docket
number. Id. Thus, despite filing a separate notice of appeal at each docket,
we are constrained to find that Appellant has failed to satisfy Walker and its
progeny.
Although Appellant failed to comply with the dictates of Walker and
Creese, we find that error is due to a breakdown in the court system. Indeed,
after a review of the certified record, we note that when Appellant was
sentenced, the trial court informed her that if she wanted to “file an appeal
of this sentence,” that appeal must be filed within thirty days. N.T.
(Sentencing), 11/2/18, at 26 (emphases added). The trial court further
stated, “Any appeal has to be filed within 30 days of this date. It’s limited to
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1 In this case, although Appellant filed identical notices of appeal at each
docket, each notice was filed with the appealed from docket highlighted to
indicate the docket from which the appeal was taken.
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what you can file an appeal on. You may also file a ten-day post-sentence
motion but your appeal still has to be filed within 30 days.” Id (emphases
added). In making these statements, the trial court essentially told Appellant
that there was one order from which she could appeal, despite the fact that
she was being sentenced at three separate dockets, 1863 EDA 2018, 1864
EDA 2018, and 1865 EDA 2018.2 The trial court’s inaccurate statement that
Appellant could file a single appeal from the sentences at three different
dockets constitutes a breakdown of court operations such that the resultant
defect in the notices of appeal may be overlooked. See Commonwealth v.
Stansbury, __A.3d__, 2019 PA Super 274, (Pa. Super. filed September 5,
2019) (finding that appellant’s failure to comply with Walker would be
overlooked where a breakdown in the court system occurred where trial court
misinformed the appellant that they may file “a written notice of appeal”
although appellant was sentenced at two criminal dockets). We thus decline
to quash Appellant’s appeals for failure to comply with the dictates of Walker.
In these related and consolidated appeals, we must address the motions
to withdraw filed by Appellant’s counsel before we reach the merits of the
appeals. Commonwealth v. Cartrette, 83 A.3d 1030, 1032 (Pa. Super.
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2 We note that the certified records for these appeals contain only one copy
of the sentencing hearing, which occurred on November 2, 2018, despite the
fact that Appellant was sentenced at three different dockets. There is also
only one written sentencing order, which lists the above three docket
numbers, as well as criminal docket number 1920-2015, in the caption.
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2013) (en banc). Before being permitted to withdraw from representation,
counsel must satisfy certain procedural and substantive requirements:
Counsel must: 1) petition the court for leave to withdraw stating
that, after making a conscientious examination of the record,
counsel has determined that the appeal would be frivolous; 2)
furnish a copy of the brief to the defendant; and 3) advise the
defendant that he or she has the right to retain private counsel or
raise additional arguments that the defendant deems worthy of
the court’s attention.
Id. (citing Commonwealth v. Lilley, 978 A.2d 995, 997 (Pa. Super. 2009)).
Herein, counsel’s motions to withdraw state that she has conducted a
careful and thorough review of the record, Appellant’s file, and applicable case
law and has determined the issue is meritless. Motions to Withdraw, 5/1/19,
at 2. Counsel also attached a copy of the letters she sent to Appellant, in
which counsel advised Appellant that she could retain private counsel or
proceed pro se. Id. at exhibit A. Finally, we note that counsel attached a
copy of the Anders briefs to her letters; thus, we find the procedural
mandates for withdrawal have been satisfied.
Moving to the substantive dictates for withdrawal, counsel’s Anders
briefs must meet the following dictates:
in the Anders brief that accompanies court-appointed counsel’s
petition to withdraw, counsel must: (1) provide a summary of the
procedural history and facts, with citations to the record; (2) refer
to anything in the record that counsel believes arguably supports
the appeal; (3) set forth counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is
frivolous; and (4) state counsel’s reasons for concluding that the
appeal is frivolous. Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of
record, controlling case law, and/or statutes on point that have
led to the conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.
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Cartrette, 83 A.3d at 1032 (citing Santiago, 978 A.2d at 361)). In the
instant case, counsel has filed Anders briefs that contain the history and facts
of the case, make references to the facts which support Appellant’s appeal,
and set forth counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is of no merit, as well as the
reasoning behind that conclusion. Appellant has not filed any response.
Accordingly, we find counsel has complied with the procedural and substantive
requirements of Anders and Santiago; thus, we turn to the merits of the
appeals.
In support of these appeals, counsel has identified the following single
issue Appellant believes entitles her to relief:
Whether the probation violation sentence of the court was
unreasonable and excessive a) when you consider the sentencing
code as a whole; b) when the sentence was greater than that
requested [by] the probation office; c) when the court did not
consider additional drug treatment options; d) when the court did
not consider a county sentence; and e) when the court did not
give weight to the positive things Appellant had done on
probation.
Anders Briefs at 11. Because Appellant argues that the trial court imposed
an excessive and unreasonable sentence, that argument implicates the
discretionary aspect of Appellant’s sentence. Commonwealth v. Roberts,
133 A.3d 759, 774 (Pa. Super. 2016).
On appeal, the scope of review in an appeal following a sentence
imposed after probation revocation is limited to the validity of the revocation
proceedings, the legality of the sentence imposed following revocation, and
the discretionary aspects of sentencing. Cartrette, 83 A.3d at 1033–34;
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Commonwealth v. Ortega, 995 A.2d 879, 883–84 (Pa. Super. 2010). The
right to appeal the discretionary aspects of a sentence is not automatic.
Cartrette, 83 A.3d at 1042. A party must include a Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f)
statement setting forth the reasons relied upon for allowance of appeal.
Commonwealth v. Zeigler, 112 A.3d 656, 661 (Pa. Super. 2015). An
appellant must persuade this Court that “there exists a substantial question
that the sentence is inappropriate under the sentencing code.”
Commonwealth v. Kalichak, 943 A.2d 285, 289 (Pa. Super. 2008).
In the instant case, Appellant included a Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f) statement in
both briefs. In the statements, Appellant avers that her sentence was
unreasonable and excessive under the sentencing code as a whole because
the court sentenced her for more time than the probation office requested and
because the sentencing court failed to consider additional drug treatment
options, a county sentence, and all the positive things Appellant had done on
probation. Anders Briefs at 7. An excessiveness claim alone does not raise
a substantial question; however, an excessiveness claim in conjunction with
an assertion that the sentencing court did not consider mitigating factors may
present a substantial question. Zeigler, 112 A.3d at 662. Here, Appellant
asserts that the trial court’s sentence is excessive and that the trial court failed
to consider her rehabilitative needs and good behavior while on probation;
thus, we find Appellant has raised a substantial question.
Our standard of review is well settled. We have explained:
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The imposition of sentence following the revocation of probation
is vested within the sound discretion of the trial court, which,
absent an abuse of that discretion, will not be disturbed on appeal.
An abuse of discretion is more than an error in judgment—a
sentencing court has not abused its discretion unless the record
discloses that the judgment exercised was manifestly
unreasonable, or the result of partiality, prejudice, bias or ill-will.
Commonwealth v. Simmons, 56 A.3d 1280, 1283–84 (Pa.
Super. 2012).
Commonwealth v. Colon, 102 A.3d 1033, 1043 (Pa. Super. 2014). “Upon
revocation the sentencing alternatives available to the court shall be the same
as were available at the time of initial sentencing….” 42 Pa.C.S § 9771(b).
The Lycoming County Adult Probation Office recommended that
Appellant’s probation should be revoked and she should be sentenced to an
aggregate term of two-and-one-half years to six years of incarceration. N.T.,
11/2/19, at 15.3 The court sentenced Appellant to three to seven years of
incarceration at docket number 140-2016, for retail theft, which was graded
as a third degree felony. Order, 11/2/18. She was also sentenced to three
to seven years of incarceration at docket number 1893-2016, also graded as
a third degree felony conviction for retail theft. Id. Finally, the court
sentenced her to one to two years of incarceration at docket number 2119-
2015, which was a second-degree misdemeanor, for retail theft. Id. The
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3 Specifically, the probation office recommended Appellant receive two to five
years of incarceration at docket numbers 1403-2016 and 1893-2016, to be
served concurrently, and a term of incarceration of six to twelve months of
incarceration at 2119-2015, to be served consecutively. N.T., 11/2/18, at 15.
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court ordered the sentences to run concurrently; thus, Appellant’s aggregate
sentence was three to seven years of incarceration.
Upon review, we discern no abuse of discretion in the trial court’s
decision to impose a sentence of three to seven years of incarceration
following revocation of Appellant’s probation. Preliminarily, we note that the
maximum sentence for a third degree felony is seven years of incarceration
and the maximum sentence for a second degree misdemeanor is one to two
years of incarceration. Thus, Appellant was sentenced within the statutory
limits. See 18 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(3), 1104(2). Moreover, Appellant’s argument
that the sentencing court abused its discretion because Appellant’s sentence
is above the recommendation of the parole office does not merit relief. See
Commonwealth v. Schueg, 582 A.2d 1339, 1341 (Pa. Super. 1990) (noting
that the trial judge has broad discretion in the formulation of a proper
sentence, and the court may not delegate that authority to any person or
group).
To the extent Appellant argues that the trial court’s sentence was
excessive and unreasonable because the trial court did not consider additional
drug treatment options, a review of the records in these cases, and particularly
the sentencing transcript dated November 2, 2018, makes clear that Appellant
had been given numerous opportunities to receive treatment for her drug use.
Indeed, Appellant had previously been placed in the Drug Court Program but
was removed for numerous violations. N.T., 11/2/18, at 3. In addition to the
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Drug Court Program, Appellant was provided structured intensive outpatient
counseling and had a certified recovery specialist assigned to her. Id. at 7.
Appellant also was offered continued counseling, medication, and the
opportunity to seek in-patient drug treatment, which she refused. Id. at 9–
10. Given the above, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in failing to
consider other drug treatment options.
Similarly, Appellant’s argument that the trial court’s sentence was
unreasonable and excessive because the court failed to consider county
incarceration is equally flawed. As the trial court noted in its opinion, Appellant
received short periods of county incarceration as Drug-Court-Program
sanctions, and Appellant was sentenced to 100 days to twenty-four months of
county incarceration after an earlier probation revocation. Trial Court Opinion,
3/15/19, at 7. Despite serving time in county incarceration, Appellant
continued to violate the conditions of both her parole and probation following
her release. Id. The trial court did not abuse its discretion by failing to
consider county incarceration following her repeated failures to comply with
the terms of her probation.
Finally, Appellant argues that her sentence was excessive because the
trial court failed to consider the positive things Appellant had done on
probation. As the trial court stated in its opinion, Appellant’s record on
probation is abysmal. Trial Court Opinion, 3/15/19, at 8. Indeed, despite
being placed in the Drug Court Program, the State Intermediate Punishment
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program, and being afforded a host of other opportunities, Appellant
continued to violate her probation. When asked if she had anything to say on
her behalf, Appellant admitted, “Instead of using the resources that I had in
my corner I turned to the same people and things that brought me into trouble
with the law in the first place, so I accept my accountability and any
consequences that come my way.” N.T., 11/2/18, at 20. Given the paucity
of evidence of any positive action Appellant took while on probation, the trial
court did not abuse its discretion. Appellant’s issue does not merit relief.
Further, this Court has conducted an independent review of the records and
finds that no non-frivolous issues exist. See Commonwealth v. Vilsaint,
893 A.2d 753, 755 (Pa. Super. 2006) (“Part and parcel of Anders is our Court's
duty to review the record to insure no issues of arguable merit have been
missed or misstated.”)
Judgments of sentence affirmed. Motions to withdraw as counsel
granted.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 10/8/2019
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