Com. v. Candelario, M. ( 2019 )

J-S18013-19
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
MELISSA EVETTE CANDELARIO :
:
Appellant : No. 1258 MDA 2018
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered May 1, 2018
In the Court of Common Pleas of Berks County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-06-CR-0002608-2016
BEFORE: BOWES, J., NICHOLS, J., and STEVENS*, P.J.E.
MEMORANDUM BY BOWES, J.: FILED MAY 31, 2019
Melissa Evette Candelario appeals from the judgment of sentence of
ninety-five months to twenty years of imprisonment imposed after she pled
guilty to aggravated assault. Appellant’s counsel has filed a petition to
withdraw and a brief pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967),
and Commonwealth v. Santiago, 978 A.2d 349 (Pa. 2009). We grant
counsel’s petition to withdraw and affirm the judgment of sentence.
The Commonwealth charged Appellant with criminal attempt- homicide,
recklessly endangering another person (“REAP”), terroristic threats,
harassment, and two counts each of aggravated assault and simple assault,
arising from a May 13, 2016 incident where Appellant stabbed Amy Garman
in the eye socket with a screwdriver, causing bleeding in the brain. N.T. Guilty
Plea Hearing, 5/1/18, at 5.
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* Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
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On May 1, 2018, Appellant appeared before the trial court to enter a
negotiated guilty plea, under which Appellant would plead guilty to aggravated
assault in exchange for the Commonwealth’s withdrawal of all remaining
charges. Id. at 2, 6. The parties also agreed upon a sentence of ninety-five
months to twenty years of incarceration with a total of 264 days of credit for
time served. Id. at 6-8. The court engaged in a colloquy of Appellant, wherein
she demonstrated a knowledge of the charges pending, the facts that the
Commonwealth would have to prove if she chose to proceed to trial, and the
maximum penalties she faced if convicted. Id. at 2-5. Appellant verified her
understanding that, in exchange for her guilty plea, she would give up her
right to litigate any pretrial motions and her right to a jury trial. Id. at 4. The
court accepted the guilty plea and sentenced Appellant in accordance with its
terms. Id. at 8-9.
Appellant filed a timely post-sentence motion seeking to withdraw her
guilty plea based upon a claim of innocence and requesting a modification of
her sentence. At the post-sentence motions hearing, counsel informed the
court that the motion was filed to protect Appellant’s appellate rights and that,
because Appellant did not wish to assert her innocence, he did not “believe
[that] we can support the standard to withdraw her guilty plea” or “challenge
the sentence.” N.T. Motions Hearing, 6/28/18, at 2. The court entered an
order denying the post-sentence motion.
Appellant filed a timely notice of appeal and the court ordered her to file
a concise statement of errors complained of on appeal. Instead, counsel filed
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a statement of intent to file an Anders brief, explaining that she had been
unable to discern any non-frivolous issues. The trial court issued its Pa.R.A.P.
1925(a) opinion, wherein it stated that it was unable to provide a brief opinion
as counsel did not identify the rulings or other errors complained of on appeal.
In this Court, counsel filed both an Anders brief and a petition to
withdraw as counsel. Accordingly, the following principles guide our review of
this matter:
Direct appeal counsel seeking to withdraw under Anders
must file a petition averring that, after a conscientious
examination of the record, counsel finds the appeal to be wholly
frivolous. Counsel must also file an Anders brief setting forth
issues that might arguably support the appeal along with any
other issues necessary for the effective appellate presentation
thereof . . . .
Anders counsel must also provide a copy of the Anders
petition and brief to the appellant, advising the appellant of the
right to retain new counsel, proceed pro se or raise any additional
points worthy of this Court’s attention.
If counsel does not fulfill the aforesaid technical
requirements of Anders, this Court will deny the petition to
withdraw and remand the case with appropriate instructions (e.g.,
directing counsel either to comply with Anders or file an
advocate’s brief on Appellant’s behalf). By contrast, if counsel’s
petition and brief satisfy Anders, we will then undertake our own
review of the appeal to determine if it is wholly frivolous. If the
appeal is frivolous, we will grant the withdrawal petition and affirm
the judgment of sentence. However, if there are non-frivolous
issues, we will deny the petition and remand for the filing of an
advocate’s brief.
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Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 931 A.2d 717, 720-21 (Pa.Super. 2007)
(citations omitted). Our Supreme Court has clarified portions of the Anders
procedure:
[I]n the Anders brief that accompanies court-appointed counsel’s
petition to withdraw, counsel must: (1) provide a summary of the
procedural history and facts, with citations to the record; (2) refer
to anything in the record that counsel believes arguably supports
the appeal; (3) set forth counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is
frivolous; and (4) state counsel’s reasons for concluding that the
appeal is frivolous. Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of
record, controlling case law, and/or statues on point that have led
to the conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.
Santiago, supra at 361.
Based upon our examination of counsel’s petition to withdraw and
Anders brief, we conclude that counsel has substantially complied with the
technical requirements set forth above. As required by Santiago, counsel set
forth the case history, referred to issues that arguably support the appeal,
stated her conclusion that the appeal is frivolous, and cited to controlling case
law which supports that conclusion. See Anders brief at 5-21. Additionally,
counsel gave Appellant proper notice of her right to immediately proceed pro
se or retain another attorney.1 See Santiago, supra; Application for leave
to withdraw, 2/8/19, at 2. Accordingly, we proceed to an independent
examination of the record in order to discern if any non-frivolous issues exist.
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1 Appellant did not file a response to counsel’s petition.
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Commonwealth v. Dempster, 187 A.3d 266, 273 (Pa.Super. 2018) (en
banc).
Counsel identified two issues that arguably support the appeal: (1)
whether Appellant’s guilty plea was knowingly, voluntarily, or intelligently
entered; and (2) whether Appellant can challenge the discretionary aspects of
her negotiated sentence. Anders brief at 5.
We first consider whether Appellant has any viable claim regarding the
entry of an allegedly unknowing and involuntary guilty plea. In
Commonwealth v. Broaden, 980 A.2d 124 (Pa.Super. 2009), we
summarized the principles governing post-sentence motions to withdraw
guilty pleas:
post-sentence motions for withdrawal are subject to higher
scrutiny since courts strive to discourage entry of guilty pleas as
sentence-testing devices. A defendant must demonstrate that
manifest injustice would result if the court were to deny his post-
sentence motion to withdraw a guilty plea. Manifest injustice may
be established if the plea was not tendered knowingly,
intelligently, and voluntarily. In determining whether a plea is
valid, the court must examine the totality of circumstances
surrounding the plea. A deficient plea does not per se establish
prejudice on the order of manifest injustice.
Id. at 129 (citations omitted).
A court accepting a defendant’s plea is required to conduct an on-the-
record inquiry, which explores the following areas:
(1) Does the defendant understand the nature of the charges to
which he or she is pleading guilty or nolo contendere?[;] (2) is
there a factual basis for the plea?[;] (3) does the defendant
understand that he or she has the right to a trial by jury?[;] (4)
does the defendant understand that he or she is presumed
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innocent until found guilty[;] (5) is the defendant aware of the
permissible range of sentences and/or fines for the offenses
charged?[; and] (6) is the defendant aware that the judge is not
bound by the terms of any plea agreement tendered unless the
judge accepts such agreement?
Commonwealth v. Pollard, 832 A.2d 517, 522-23 (Pa.Super. 2003)
(citations omitted); see also Pa.R.Crim.P. 590. Moreover, “[o]ur law
presumes that a defendant who enters a guilty plea was aware of what he was
doing. He bears the burden of proving otherwise.” Pollard, supra at 523.
The plea colloquy complied with Pa.R.Crim.P. 590. The court inquired
at length concerning Appellant’s understanding of the nature of the charges
she faced and the terms of the plea agreement. N.T. Guilty Plea Hearing,
5/1/18, at 1-6. More specifically, it identified the offenses charged and the
maximum penalties she faced if convicted. Id. at 2. The court also reminded
Appellant that she had the right to have a jury trial and was presumed
innocent. Id. at 4. Additionally, the Commonwealth summarized the facts
that it would have been required to prove if Appellant had chosen to proceed
to trial and the court incorporated her written guilty plea colloquy into the
record. Id. at 2-5. Finally, during the colloquy, Appellant admitted her guilt
and expressed her desire to plead guilty. Id. at 4-5, 7.
Upon our independent review of the record, we discern no manifest
injustice that would support the reversal of the trial court’s order denying the
post-sentence motion. The guilty plea colloquy irrefutably establishes that the
trial court made the appropriate inquiries and that Appellant entered her plea
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knowingly, intelligently, and voluntarily. Appellant willingly availed herself of
the benefits of the plea agreement and is bound by the statements she made
during her written and oral guilty plea colloquies. Commonwealth v.
Turetsky, 925 A.2d 876, 881 (Pa.Super. 2007) (“A person who elects to plead
guilty is bound by the statements he makes in open court while under oath
and he may not later assert grounds of withdrawing the plea which contradict
the statements he made at his plea colloquy.”) (citation omitted). For all of
the foregoing reasons, Appellant’s first claim is devoid of merit.
Next, Appellant wishes to challenge the discretionary aspects of her
negotiated sentence. With respect to negotiated plea agreements, we have
explicitly found:
[W]here the guilty plea agreement between the Commonwealth
and a defendant contains a negotiated sentence, . . . and where
that negotiated sentence is accepted and imposed by the court, a
defendant is not allowed to challenge the discretionary aspects of
the sentence. Commonwealth v. Reichele, [589 A.2d 1140
(Pa.Super. 1991)]. We stated, “If either party to a negotiated
plea agreement believed the other side could, at any time
following entry of sentence, approach the judge and have the
sentence unilaterally altered, neither the Commonwealth nor any
defendant would be willing to enter into such an agreement.” Id.
at 1141.
Commonwealth v. Byrne, 833 A.2d 729, 735 (Pa.Super. 2003).
The reasoning of Reichele is instructive here. Appellant entered a
negotiated guilty plea and now seeks to alter a specific term of that
agreement. This she cannot do. As in Reichele, if Appellant were allowed to
alter her sentence, it “would undermine the designs and goals of plea
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bargaining” and “would make a sham of the negotiated plea process.”2
Reichele, supra, at 1141.
Further, we have conducted a “full examination of the proceedings” and
determined that “the appeal is in fact wholly frivolous.”3 Commonwealth v.
Flowers, 113 A.3d 1246, 1248 (Pa.Super. 2015). Since our review did not
disclose any other arguably meritorious claims, we grant counsel’s petition to
withdraw and affirm the judgment of sentence. Dempster, supra at 273.
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2 An examination of Appellant’s brief also reveals that Appellant has failed to
comply with the mandate of Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f) and that the Commonwealth
has objected to the omission. Commonwealth’s brief at 8-9. Therefore, even
if Appellant had raised a valid discretionary sentencing challenge we would be
barred from considering it, since failure to include a Rule 2119(f) statement
where the Commonwealth has objected to its omission results in waiver.
Commonwealth v. Hudson, 820 A.2d 720, 727 (Pa.Super. 2003).
3 We undertook our review mindful of the fact that “upon entry of a guilty
plea, a defendant waives all claims and defenses other than those sounding
in the jurisdiction of the court, the validity of the plea, and what has been
termed the ‘legality’ of the sentence imposed.” Commonwealth v.
Eisenberg, 98 A.3d 1268, 1275 (Pa. 2014). No viable claims or defenses on
those subjects are apparent from the record before us.
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Petition of Samuel J. Mills, Esquire, to withdraw as counsel is granted.
Judgment of sentence affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 5/31/2019
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